玉石花盆景|非物质文化遗产

玉石花盆景，是一种独特而名贵的盆景艺术，它以玉石、玛瑙、翡翠、珊瑚、金银等珍贵材料制作成花瓣、花叶等部件，再经过精细的打磨、抛光、组装等工序，形成写实或抽象的植物形态，最后搭配以景泰蓝、瓷器等精美材料制成的花盆，从而构成一件完整的艺术品。

Jade flower bonsai, is a unique and precious bonsai art, it is made of jade, agate, jade, coral, gold and silver and other precious materials into petals, flowers and leaves and other parts, and then through fine grinding, polishing, assembly and other processes, the formation of realistic or abstract plant forms, and finally with cloisonne, porcelain and other exquisite materials made of flower POTS, thus forming a complete art.

据史料记载，玉石花盆景在隋唐时期便已出现，但真正盛行于清代。在清代宫廷，玉石花盆景被视为一种“特种工艺”，由能工巧匠精心制作，以供皇室贵族欣赏和享用。这些盆景多用寓意、谐音来象征吉祥、福寿和太平等，成为清代宫廷文化不可或缺的一部分。

According to historical records, jade flower bonsai appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties, but it really prevailed in the Qing Dynasty. In the court of the Qing Dynasty, jade flower bonsai was regarded as a "special craft", which was carefully made by skilled craftsmen for the royal family to enjoy and enjoy. These bonsai used meanings and homophonies to symbolize auspiciousness, happiness and longevity and equality, and became an indispensable part of Qing Dynasty court culture.

玉石花盆景的制作技艺繁复巧妙，从选料、开片、成形，到精修、打磨、扎花等，共需要几十道工序。

Jade flower bonsai production skills complex and ingenious, from material selection, opening, forming, to fine repair, grinding, flower, etc., a total of dozens of processes.

其中，勾筋、打孔、扦裉、光亮、过蜡等工序尤为关键，它们决定了盆景部件的精细程度和整体美观度。此外，制作盆景还需要极高的审美素养和艺术创造力，以确保盆景既符合自然规律，又富有艺术美感。

Among them, the process of hook, punch, Ken, bright, wax is particularly critical, which determines the fine degree and overall beauty of bonsai components. In addition, the production of bonsai also requires a high aesthetic quality and artistic creativity to ensure that bonsai is in line with natural laws and full of artistic beauty.

玉石花盆景将各种玉料分别制成花瓣、花叶的单个部件，然后经过精细的打磨和组装，形成造型别致、形象逼真的植物形态。这些盆景有的以写实为主，力求还原植物的自然风貌；有的则以抽象为主，通过夸张和变形等手法，展现出独特的艺术魅力。

The jade flower bonsai is made of various jade materials into individual parts of petals and leaves, and then refined and assembled to form a unique and vivid plant form. Some of these bonsai are mainly realistic, and strive to restore the natural style of plants; Some are mainly abstract, showing their unique artistic charm through exaggeration and deformation.

玉石花盆景的色彩鲜艳丰富，主要以红、绿、蓝等鲜艳的颜色为主，这些颜色在盆景中相互映衬，使得盆景更加生动美丽。同时，不同色彩的玉石和宝石在盆景中的运用，也丰富了盆景的层次感和立体感。

Jade flower bonsai bright and rich colors, mainly red, green, blue and other bright colors, these colors set off each other in bonsai, making bonsai more vivid and beautiful. At the same time, the use of different colors of jade and gems in bonsai also enriches the sense of layering and three-dimensional.

玉石花盆景不仅具有很高的艺术价值，还蕴含着丰富的文化内涵。它体现了中国古代工匠的智慧和技艺，是中国传统文化的瑰宝之一。

Jade flower bonsai not only has high artistic value, but also contains rich cultural connotation. It embodies the wisdom and skills of ancient Chinese artisans and is one of the treasures of traditional Chinese culture.

同时，玉石花盆景也反映了古人对于美好生活的向往和追求，通过盆景中的寓意和象征意义，传达出吉祥、福寿等美好愿望。

At the same time, jade flower bonsai also reflects the ancient people's yearning and pursuit of a better life, through the meaning and symbolic meaning of bonsai, convey good wishes such as auspiciousness, happiness and longevity.