China
Handmade Embroidery
羌绣
Qiang embroidery
羌绣是流行于四川等地
羌民族聚居区的一种传统刺绣艺术，
是国家级非物质文化遗产之一。
Qiang embroidery is popular in Sichuan and other places
A traditional embroidery art in Qiang ethnic settlements
It is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.
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非遗羌绣
作为一种珍贵的传统刺绣艺术，
具有深厚的历史底蕴和独特的文化内涵。
Intangible Cultural Heritage Qiang Embroidery
As a precious traditional embroidery art,
It has a profound historical background and unique cultural connotation.
绣品
Embroidery
起源难考但历史悠久：
羌绣的发展历史起于何时已无从考证，
但四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州的汶川、
茂县等地出土的陶罐上“绳纹”纹样
和龙溪乡阿尔寨等出土的西周青铜器“饕餮”纹样，
证明了在岷江上游古羌族聚居地生活的
羌人已经在刺绣中广泛应用这类纹样，
这为羌绣的起源留下了最早的文明记载。
The origin is difficult to determine, but the history is long:
It is uncertain when the development history of Qiang embroidery began,
But in Wenchuan, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province
The "rope pattern" on pottery jars unearthed in Maoxian and other places
The "Taotie" pattern on Western Zhou bronzeware unearthed from Alzhai and other places in Helongxi Township,
Proved the existence of the ancient Qiang ethnic group living in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River
The Qiang people have widely used this type of pattern in embroidery,
This has left the earliest recorded civilisation for the origin of Qiang embroidery.
明清时期盛行并形成体系：
到了明清时期，
刺绣在羌族地区极为盛行，
挑花刺绣达到鼎盛时期并逐渐形成体系。
1997 年，
汶川县绵虒镇的簇头寨被文化部
授予中国民间艺术“羌绣之乡”称号。
2008 年 6 月 7 日，“羌族刺绣”
被列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录；
2018 年 5 月 15 日，
羌族刺绣入选第一批国家传统工艺振兴目录。
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it prevailed and formed a system:
During the Ming and Qing dynasties,
Embroidery is extremely popular in the Qiang ethnic region,
Pickled embroidery reached its peak and gradually formed a system.
In 1997,
The Chutou Village in Mianqian Town, Wenchuan County, has been inspected by the Ministry of Culture.
Confer the title of "Hometown of Qiang Embroidery" to Chinese folk art.
On June 7th, 2008, "Qiang Embroidery"
Listed in the second batch of the national intangible cultural heritage list;
On May 15th, 2018,
Qiang embroidery has been included in the first batch of the National Catalogue for the Revitalization of Traditional Crafts.
艺术特点：
针法多样：
羌绣针法以精巧细致的架花（挑花）为主，
此外还有织字（提花）、纳花（扎花）、
撇花（平绣花）、勾花（链子扣）等多种针法。
这些针法各有特色，比如架花精巧细致、
简单朴实，串挑、编挑刚健淳朴、粗犷豪放，
纳花明丽清秀，
勾花则显得粗犷豪放等。
Artistic characteristics:
Diverse needlework techniques:
The Qiang embroidery technique is mainly based on exquisite and delicate flower picking,
In addition, there are weaving (jacquard), weaving (tie)
Various needlework techniques, such as flat embroidery and chain fastening, are used.
These needlework techniques each have their characteristics, such as intricate and detailed flower arrangement
Simple and down-to-earth, strumming and weaving, sturdy and simple, rough and unrestrained,
Na Hua is bright and beautiful,
Gouhua appears rough and unrestrained.
图案精美：
构图多以几何形状为主，
画面整齐匀称，构图分为正花、边花、角花、
补点花等几个部分。
正花为主图案，题材大都是自然景物，
如日月、山川、飞禽、走兽、花鸟、虫鱼，
也有各种人物造型以及一些抽象图案等，
所绣内容多寓意吉祥如意以及对幸福生活的憧憬和向往。
色彩鲜明：
色彩斑斓、鲜艳明快、绚丽夺目。
以黑白为多，但挑花和纳花上的设色绚丽，
无论是点缀服装还是装扮居室，
都显示出浓郁的地方情调和精湛的手工技艺。
Exquisite pattern:
The composition is mainly based on geometric shapes,
The picture is neat and symmetrical, and the composition is divided into main flowers, side flowers, and corner flowers
Add some flowers and other parts.
The main pattern is the main flower, and the subject matter is mostly natural scenery,
Such as the sun, moon, mountains, rivers, birds, animals, flowers, birds, insects, and fish,
There are also various character designs and abstract patterns,
The embroidered content often symbolises good luck, prosperity, and longing for a happy life.
Bright colours:
Colourful, bright, and dazzling.
Black and white are the most common colours, but the colours used for picking and receiving flowers are brilliant,
Whether it's embellishing clothing or decorating the living room,
All show a strong local atmosphere and exquisite craftsmanship.
主要制品：
Main products:
云云鞋：
鞋型貌似小船，鞋尖微翘，鞋底较厚，
鞋帮上绣有彩色云纹和杜鹃花纹等纹样图案。
借助密密麻麻的针脚，
将棉线织绣于鞋身易磨损部位，
增强了耐磨性能，
使鞋身不但具有实用价值，
还具有相当高的艺术观赏价值。
Yunyun Shoes:
The shoe shape looks like a small boat, with a slightly upturned toe and a thicker sole,
The upper of the shoe is embroidered with colourful cloud patterns and azalea patterns.
With the help of densely packed stitches,
Weave and embroider cotton thread on the easily worn parts of the shoe body,
Enhanced wear resistance,
Not only does the shoe body have practical value,
It also has considerable artistic appreciation value.
绣花围腰：
原本用来遮灰的围腰，
经过绣娘们的巧手，
变成了精美的工艺品。
其图案多呈几何形状，
构图严谨，组织匀整，装饰性极强。
其他：
还有挎包、帽子、毡子、褥子、壁挂等，
也都精美绝伦。
Embroidered Waist:
The waistband was originally used to cover up dust,
Through the skilful hands of the embroiderers,
It has become an exquisite handicraft.
Its patterns are mostly geometric in shape,
The composition is rigorous, the organisation is even, and the decoration is extremely strong.
Other:
There are also shoulder bags, hats, felt, mattresses, wall hangings, etc,
They are also exquisitely beautiful.
羌族文化的代表：
羌绣作为羌族非物质文化的典型代表之一，
凝聚了世代羌族人民的集体智慧，
浓缩了羌族历史文化的精华，
是羌族文化的代表性艺术形式。
Representative of Qiang culture:
Qiang embroidery, as one of the typical representatives of the intangible culture of the Qiang ethnic group,
It embodies the collective wisdom of generations of Qiang people,
It has concentrated the essence of Qiang's history and culture,
It is a representative art form of Qiang culture.
民俗文化的载体：
羌族刺绣植根于羌族古老的民间历史文化之中，
负载着丰富的历史文化内涵，
是羌族文化传承的载体之一，
是这个具有悠久历史的民族的生活方式、
风俗习惯及审美特征的最好见证。
The carrier of folk culture:
Qiang embroidery is rooted in the ancient folk history and culture of the Qiang ethnic group,
Carrying rich historical and cultural connotations,
It is one of the carriers of the inheritance of Qiang culture,
It is the way of life of this ethnic group with a long history
The best witness to customs, habits, and aesthetic characteristics
传承方式：
羌族传统刺绣工艺年代久远，
以家庭母传女的形式一直延续至今。
现代发展：
随着时代的发展，
现代羌绣既保留了原有的技法和风格，
又更多地体现了其工艺价值，
材料选择从单一的土麻布拓展到更多的面料，
丝线色彩更加广泛，针法更加细腻，
构图上灵活多变，
实用范围从单一服饰发展到了图画装饰、
工艺品、礼品、家居装饰、旅游商品等范围。
同时，通过各种展览、
文化活动以及与现代设计的结合，
羌绣逐渐走出岷江河谷，
为更多人所知晓和喜爱。
Inheritance method:
The traditional embroidery craftsmanship of the Qiang ethnic group dates back a long time,
It has been passed down from mother to daughter in the family until now.
Modern development:
With the development of the times,
Modern Qiang embroidery retains its original techniques and style,
It further reflects its technological value,
The material selection has expanded from a single burlap cloth to more fabrics,
The silk thread has a wider range of colours and finer needle techniques,
Flexible and versatile in composition,
The practical scope has evolved from single clothing to graphic decoration
Crafts, gifts, home decor, tourism products, and other related items.
Meanwhile, through various exhibitions, cultural activities and their integration with modern design,
Qiang embroidery gradually emerged from the Minjiang River valley,
To be known and loved by more people.
羌绣作为羌族文化的重要组成部分，
不仅具有深厚的文化内涵和艺术价值，
还对社会产生了广泛的影响。
一方面，
羌绣的传承和发展促进了羌族文化的传承和弘扬；
另一方面，
羌绣产业的发展也为当地经济注入了新的活力，
带动了相关产业的发展和就业的增加。
Qiang embroidery, as an important component of Qiang culture,
Not only does it have profound cultural connotations and artistic value,
It has also had a wide-ranging impact on society.
one side,
The inheritance and development of Qiang embroidery have promoted the inheritance and promotion of Qiang culture;
on the other hand,
The development of the Qiang embroidery industry has also injected new vitality into the local economy,
It has driven the development of related industries and increased employment.
羌绣还成为了连接羌族与其他民族、
地区的文化桥梁和纽带，
促进了不同文化之间的交流和融合。
综上所述，
非遗羌绣是一种具有悠久历史和
独特文化内涵的传统刺绣艺术。
它不仅具有艺术价值和实用价值，
还对社会产生了广泛的影响。
在未来的发展中，
我们应该继续加强对羌绣的传承和保护工作，
推动羌绣产业的健康发展，
让这一珍贵的文化遗产得以传承和发扬光大。
Qiang embroidery has also become a connection between the Qiang ethnic group and other ethnic groups.
The cultural bridge and bond of the region,
Promoted communication and integration between different cultures.
in summary,
Intangible cultural heritage Qiang embroidery is a type of embroidery with a long history and
Traditional embroidery art with unique cultural connotations.
It not only has artistic and practical value,
It has also had a wide-ranging impact on society.
In the future development,
We should continue to strengthen the inheritance and protection of Qiang embroidery,
Promote the healthy development of the Qiang embroidery industry,
Let this precious cultural heritage be inherited and developed.
Handwoven
embroidery
Handwoven
embroidery
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策划 Producer | Kam
排版 Editor | Kam
校对 Proof | Eve
审核 Reviewer | Eve
图片版权 Copyright | 网络
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