宜兴紫砂壶 | 非物质文化遗产

    宜兴手工紫砂陶技艺是指分布于宜兴的一种民间传统制陶技艺。该工艺产生于宋元，成熟于明代，迄今已有600年以上的历史。

    Yixing handmade purple sand pottery technique refers to a folk traditional pottery technique distributed in Yixing. The process originated in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, matured in the Ming Dynasty, and so far has a history of more than 600 years.

    紫砂陶制作技艺举世无双，泥料是宜兴紫砂壶的灵魂所在。这种特殊的泥料产自宜兴丁蜀镇一带，它富含多种矿物质，具有良好的可塑性和透气性。经过开采、风化、粉碎、筛选等多道工序处理后，紫砂泥料变得细腻而纯净，为紫砂壶的制作提供了优质的材料。不同种类的紫砂泥料，如紫泥、红泥、绿泥等，呈现出不同的色泽和质感，为工匠们提供了丰富的创作素材。2005年5月，宜兴紫砂陶制作技艺被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产。

打泥条

绞泥装饰

打身筒 上底片

篦身筒 通盖子

等步骤完成最终陶制品

    Purple clay ware is generally not glazed both inside and outside, and its pure natural texture and texture are considered beautiful. As a top-quality tea set, its excellent breathability allows people to fully enjoy the colour, aroma, and taste of tea. As a result, purple clay teaware is in line with traditional Chinese tea culture and has become an important component of tea culture.

伴随着中国茶文化的发展，明代晚期以后，紫砂陶制作艺人经过长期探索，创造了陶刻、镶嵌、包锡、包漆、泥绘、粉彩、彩釉、珐琅彩、描余、浮雕、镂雕、绞泥、模印、贴饰等一系列装饰技艺。

With the development of Chinese tea culture after the late Ming Dynasty, craftsmen of purple clay pottery, through long-term exploration, created a series of decorative techniques such as pottery carving, inlaying, tin wrapping, lacquer wrapping, mud painting, powder painting, coloured glaze, enamel painting, residual painting, relief carving, carving, clay carving, mould printing, and pasting.

其中最具代表性的是陶刻，它是诗文、金石、书画、篆刻艺术与紫砂制作技艺的完美结合，深符中华民族传统的审美标准，尤与文人阶层的审美情趣相吻合。因此，紫砂技艺一直富有实用和艺术鉴赏的双重特色。

The most representative among them is pottery carving, which is a perfect combination of poetry, stone and stone, calligraphy and painting, seal carving art and purple clay production techniques, deeply conforming to the aesthetic standards of the Chinese nation, especially in line with the aesthetic taste of the literati class. Therefore, the art of purple clay has always had a dual characteristic of practicality and artistic appreciation.

1.可塑性好: 可任意加工成大小各异的不同造型。制作时粘合力强，但又不粘工具不粘手。

Good plasticity: It can be processed into different shapes of various sizes at will. Strong adhesion during production, but not stick to tools and hands.

2.干燥收缩率小。成温度范围较宽，变形率小，紫砂泥本身不需要加配其它原料就能单独成陶。

Low drying shrinkage rate. The temperature range is wide, the deformation rate is small, and purple clay itself does not need to be mixed with other raw materials to be made into pottery alone.

3.紫砂泥土成型后不需要施釉，它平整光滑的外形，用的时间越久，把摩的时间越长，他就会发黯然之。

After the purple clay is formed, it does not need to be glazed. Its smooth and flat appearance, the longer it is used and rubbed, the more it will emit a dull light.

   宜兴紫砂壶制作技艺作为非物质文化遗产，以其独特的魅力和价值，成为了中国传统文化的瑰宝。它不仅展现了中国传统手工艺的精湛技艺，更承载了中华民族的智慧和情感。在未来的日子里，我们应该共同努力，保护和传承这门古老的技艺，让宜兴紫砂壶这颗璀璨的明珠在世界文化的舞台上绽放更加耀眼的光芒。

    The craftsmanship of Yixing purple clay teapot, as an intangible cultural heritage, has become a treasure of traditional Chinese culture with its unique charm and value. It not only showcases the exquisite craftsmanship of traditional Chinese handicrafts but also carries the wisdom and emotions of the Chinese nation. In the days to come, we should work together to protect and inherit this ancient craft so that Yixing Yixing Zisha teapot, this brilliant pearl, can shine even brighter on the stage of world culture.

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