京绣 | 非物质文化遗产

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始于宫廷，一针一线，尽显皇家气派；流入民间，一绣一色，尽是人生百味。这就是令人叹为观止、惊艳世界的京绣艺术。

From the court, stitch by stitch, show the royal style; Flow into the folk, an embroidered one colour, full of life. This is the breathtaking and world-beating art of Beijing embroidery.

#01

京绣的历史可追溯到唐代，辽时兴旺，在燕京曾设有绣院。元朝定都北京后，随着封建王朝的社会稳定和经济发展，宫廷为了更好地为其服务，集中中国各地优秀工匠进京，使这技艺进一步提高。

The history of Beijing embroidery can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty was prosperous, and there was an embroidery institute in Yanjing. After the Yuan Dynasty established its capital in Beijing, with the social stability and economic development of the feudal dynasty, the court to better serve it, gathered excellent craftsmen from all over China into Beijing, which further improved this skill.

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#02

京绣的纹样图案讲究“图必有意，意必吉祥”，用谐音、会意、借代等方法，表达出祈福纳祥、驱邪避恶的想法。

Jingxiu patterns pay attention to the "map must be intentional, meaning must be auspicious", using homophony, understanding, borrowing and other methods to express the idea of praying for good luck, and exorcising evil.

京绣针法中年较为特殊的是平金打籽绣，是以真金打成箔片后捻成线盘成吉祥图，载结籽于上，精致华贵，豪华富丽

Beijing embroidery needle method is more special in the Middle age is Pingjin seed embroidery, which is made of real gold into foil and twisted into a thread into an optimistic picture, carrying seeds on the top, exquisite and luxurious

#03

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京绣所创造的辉煌离不开其坚实的物质基础，同其他绣种一样，京绣刺绣时所用的工具都是由较为基本的绣花架或称绣花绷子、针、绣花线、剪刀，丝绸类的底料等组成。

The brilliance created by Jing embroidery cannot be separated from its solid material foundation. Like other kinds of embroidery, the tools used in Jing embroidery embroidery are composed of relatively basic embroidery frames, needles, threads, scissors, and silk substrates.

在针法上，京绣吸取了各地绣种精绝的技艺，有齐针绣、套针绣、滚针绣、施针绣、滚针绣、切针绣、平金绣、打籽绣、盘金绣、圈金绣等针法。其中，平金打籽绣是京绣最具有代表性的针法。

In the needlework, Jing embroidery has absorbed the exquisite skills of embroidery from all over the world, including square needlework, set needlework, rolling needlework, applying needlework, rolling needlework, cutting needlework, flat gold embroidery, seed embroidery, plate gold embroidery, circle gold embroidery and other needlework. Among them, Pingjin seed embroidery is the most representative stitch of Beijing embroidery.

京绣的纹样图案追求寓意的吉祥，以龙凤图案、飞禽走兽、吉祥八宝、山水花鸟为主，通过谐音、象征、会意、借代等表现手法，传达祈福纳祥、驱邪避恶的美好愿望。

Jingxiu pattern pursues the meaning of auspiciousness, with dragon and phoenix patterns, birds and beasts, auspicious eight treasures, landscape flowers and birds as the main, through the homonym, symbol, understanding, borrowing and other expression techniques, convey the good wish of praying for good luck, exorcising evil.

京绣中所用的绣线是蚕丝，蚕丝在南方叫丝，北方称绒，故有的地方也将刺绣称为“绒绣”。蚕丝可以染成各种缤纷的色彩，绣工们根据绣品的不同需要将绒团劈成细线。绣线劈的越细，绣出的作品也越细腻。

The embroidery thread used in Beijing embroidery is silk, silk is called silk in the south and velvet in the north, so some places also call embroidery "velvet embroidery". Silk can be dyed in various colours, and embroiderers according to the different needs of the embroidery will cut the velvet ball into thin lines. The finer the stitch, the more delicate the work.