“百年蜂语 —— 斯洛文尼亚蜂箱板画展”正在西安曲江艺术博物馆展出，今天就让我们一起去了解一下“蜂箱板画”这项有趣而古老的欧洲文化艺术。
The featured exhibition "Bee-keeping Culture and Art in Slovenia" is currently on display at Xi'an Qujiang Art Museum. Today, let's check out this fascinating and ancient European cultural art form—"beehive panel painting".
斯洛文尼亚的蜂箱板画最初出现在18世纪中叶，目前发现了超过50,000件蜂箱板画。19世纪末，彩绘蜂箱板在上卡尼奥拉、南克罗地亚、东施泰尔斯卡和普雷克穆列地区很流行，而在斯洛文尼亚南部地区和其他各国则罕见。20世纪初，带有彩绘的蜂箱开始兴起，这是斯洛文尼亚民间文化的杰出代表。
Slovenian beehive panel paintings first emerged in the mid-18th century, with over 50,000 known examples currently in existence. In the late 19th century, painted beehive panels gained popularity in regions such as Upper Carniola, Southern Croatia, Eastern Styria, and Prekmurje, though they were rare in southern Slovenia and other countries. At the beginning of the 20th century, beehives featuring painted panels experienced a resurgence, becoming a significant representation of Slovenian folk culture.
蜂箱板画是将油性颜料绘制于蜂箱正面，以描绘丰富的世俗题材、人物形象、道德故事、讽刺小品等为特色，是斯洛文尼亚的重要文化遗产。
The beehive panel paintings are a distinctive art form in Slovenia, featuring the application of oil paints on the front of beehive panels to depict a rich variety of secular subjects, human figures, moral tales, and satirical vignettes. This art form is an important part of Slovenia's cultural heritage.
上图中的蜂棚可以容纳20至30个蜂箱。
The bee shelter in the image can accommodate 20 to 30 beehives.
这个高约50厘米的木质小狗其实也是一个蜂箱，蜜蜂的入口就在小狗的嘴巴上。
This 50-centimeter-tall wooden dog is actually a beehive, and the bees' entrance is located in the dog's mouth.
蜂箱板画是斯洛文尼亚的独特文化，最早的蜂箱板画可以追溯到1689年。直至今天，养蜂业都是斯洛文尼亚的兴盛产业，2.03万平方公里的国土上，拥有1.5万个蜂棚，平均不到1.5平方公里就有一个。
Beehive panel painting is a unique Slovenian cultural tradition, with the earliest examples dating back to 1689. Beekeeping remains a thriving industry in Slovenia to this day, with 15,000 apiaries across its 20,300 square kilometers — averaging less than 1.5 square kilometers per apiary.
在蜂箱板画的众多世俗题材中，有的是动物拟人绘画，有一些描绘了裁缝和鞋匠，还有一些描绘了风格各异的旅馆，带有浓厚的异国情调。这些丰富的题材发展出了独有的绘画风格，也是最能全面反应欧洲社会下层阶级人物形象的文物藏品。因此，蜂箱板画是斯洛文尼亚农民的文化需求、世界观和创造力的宝贵见证。
Among the many subjects depicted on beehive panels are anthropomorphic animals, tailors and cobblers, and various exotically styled inns. This rich diversity of themes contributed to a unique painting style, making these panels some of the most comprehensive artifacts that reflect the imagery of the lower classes in European society. Consequently, beehive panel paintings serve as valuable testaments to the cultural needs, worldview, and creativity of Slovenian peasants.
温馨提示：搜索微信公众号“西安曲江艺术博物馆”进一步了解购票信息。
Kind Reminder: Search the official WeChat Account "西安曲江艺术博物馆" for detailed ticket info.
来源：西安曲江艺术博物馆，西部网
Source of info: Xi'an Qujiang Art Museum, CNWEST
图片仅做学习交流使用
Pics for info sharing only
编辑, 翻译 Editing, Translation: 张怡馨 Zhang Yixin
审核 Review：张雯妮 Zhang Wenni, 赵蕴清 Zhao Yunqing
