千年技艺韵悠长，麻笺传承绽光芒。
天然麻料精挑选，平阳好水育华章。
泡锄整剁工序巧，蒸冲碾搅韵味藏。
抄晒揭整十二道，道道精湛展良方。
纤维交织凝心血，拉力坚韧岁月扛。
色泽鲜润映日月，纹理细密韵流芳。
吸墨如痴呈妙境，书画同源意未央。
纸寿千年传佳话，非遗瑰宝永流芳。
平阳麻笺皮纸
技艺制作
01.
历史渊源
平阳麻笺生产历史悠久。据《晋南史料全览》《造纸
史料》及《山西轻工业志》记载，平阳造纸始于东汉
永初年间，魏晋南北朝时期，平阳已发展成北方造纸
中心；唐宋以后，平阳麻笺成为中国北方造纸的典范，
被钦定为“皇家用纸”，且被誉为“贡纸”“府纸”，
蜚声京华。金元时期，平阳成为中国四大官办雕版印刷
中心之一，其大规模的雕版印刷业均选用平阳麻笺。
平阳麻笺对平水诗韵“传天下”和以《赵城金藏》《刘知
远诸宫调》《铜人针灸图经》等经史典籍为代表的
“平水版”雕版印刷作品的传世以及以《四美图》
为代表的平阳木版年画的盛行起到了重大的推动作用，
为中国古代文学、宗教、戏曲、医学和美术的发展
建立了不朽的功绩。
Pingyang hemp paper has a long production history. According to *Complete Collection of Southern Shanxi Historical Materials*, *Paper-making Historical Materials* and *Shanxi Light Industry Annals*, paper-making in Pingyang began in the Yongchu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Pingyang developed into a paper-making centre in northern China. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Pingyang hemp paper became a model of paper-making in northern China and was designated as "paper for imperial use" and was also known as "tribute paper" and "prefectural paper", enjoying a high reputation in the capital. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Pingyang became one of the four major official block-printing centres in China, and its large-scale block-printing industry used Pingyang hemp paper. Pingyang hemp paper has played a significant role in the spread of "Pingshui Rhymes" all over the country, the preservation of block-printed works of the "Pingshui Edition" represented by classics and historical records such as The Tripitaka in Zhaocheng, Liu Zhiyuan Zhugongdiao* and *Illustrated Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on the Bronze Man*, and the popularity of Pingyang New Year woodblock prints represented by *Four Beauties*. It has made great contributions to the development of ancient Chinese literature, religion, opera, medicine and art.
02.
工艺特征
汾邓庄生产的麻笺有“纸寿千年”的美称，其生产出的不同尺寸和用途的呈文纸、方曰纸和小尺八等产品振动声响有力，质地均匀细密，纤维细而长，拉力强韧，吸墨性能好，不怕虫蛀，能存放千年以上。
The hemp paper produced in Dengzhuang, Xiangfen, has the reputation of "lasting for a thousand years". Its products of different sizes and uses, such as Chenwen Paper, Fangyue Paper and Xiaochiba Paper, make a strong vibrating sound. They have a uniform and fine texture, with thin and long fibres, strong tensile strength, good ink absorption performance, are resistant to insect damage and can be stored for more than a thousand years.
03.
工艺流程
麻笺生产历来为平阳地区重要的手工业之一，主要集中在平阳府襄陵县（今襄汾县）一带，以素有“麻纸之乡”之称的邓庄镇较具代表性。平阳麻笺沿用了汉代以来的造纸术，利用襄汾县含碱性较强的地下水，精选襄汾县特有的优质“田麻”为主要原料，其制作工艺考究，有泡货、剁麻、燥麻、蒸麻、碾麻、搅海、抄纸、晒纸、整纸等十二道工序，每道工序在工具、操作上都有严格的讲究，是集经验性和技术性为一体的手工技艺。 [6]整个流程中，难度最大的在于抄纸。一张纸要在水里捞两次，匀度、力度、入水深度等各方面都要掌握好。
Hemp paper production has always been one of the important handicrafts in the Pingyang area. It is mainly concentrated in Xiangling County, Pingyang Prefecture (now Xiangfen County), and Dengzhuang Town, known as the "hometown of hemp paper", is more representative. Pingyang hemp paper has followed the papermaking technique since the Han Dynasty. It uses the highly alkaline groundwater in Xiangfen County and selects the high-quality "field hemp" unique to Xiangfen County as the main raw material. Its production process is exquisite, including twelve processes such as soaking materials, chopping hemp, drying hemp, steaming hemp, grinding hemp, stirring, paper making, paper drying, and paper finishing. Each process has strict requirements in terms of tools and operation, which is a manual technique integrating experience and technology. In the whole process, the most difficult part is paper making. One piece of paper needs to be scooped up twice in the water, and the evenness, strength, water depth, and other aspects should be well controlled.
04.
传承与价值
平阳麻笺承载并传递着中华民族众多的历史文化信息，是中国古法造纸的“活化石”，具有研究价值，传承和保护平阳麻笺传统制作技艺更是有着重要的现实意义。
Pingyang hemp paper carries and transmits a great deal of historical and cultural information about the Chinese nation. It is a "living fossil" of ancient Chinese papermaking techniques and has research value. Therefore, inheriting and protecting the traditional production techniques of Pingyang hemp paper is of great practical significance.
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