外刊双语比阅:《卫报》对科技泡沫破裂的看法,人工智能为过高的预期付出代价

教育   2024-08-19 07:57   山东  
外刊双比阅
2024年8月19日

备考加油 一战成硕



The Guardian view on a tech bubble going pop: AI pays the price for inflated expectations

Investors may have got too excited about something they don’t fully understand – and are now paying the price

Wed 7 Aug 2024 19.06 BST










考纲单词预背

1. bubble [ˈbʌbl] n. 气泡,泡沫;经济泡沫;(欲表达的)一点感情;气泡框;泡状物;安全的地方(或位置);泡螺 v. 冒泡,沸腾;发出冒泡的声音;忙碌,活跃;兴奋,激动;(情绪、感情等)涌动;bubbles;bubbles;bubbling;bubbled;bubbled

2. stock [stɒk] n. (商店的)现货,存货,库存;储备物,备用物;储备量,现有量;股本,资本;股份,股票;公债,公债券;家畜,牲畜;家族,世系;(动植物的)类,种类,种群;高汤,原汤;(用作刑具的)手足枷(stocks);(工具的)柄,(尤指)枪托;名声,声望;紫罗兰;接穗,砧木;(草本植物多年生的)根茎,根状茎;(演出几种不同保留剧目的)专业剧团;信任,相信;(铁路上运行的)全部车辆(包括机车、车厢等);(胶卷)原片;(牌戏中)发剩下的牌;(商品的)原材料;锚杆;主轴台,主轴箱(headstock 的简称);尾架,尾座(tailstock 的简称);(作为正式骑马服饰一部分的)白色领结,白色领带;(牧师衣领下系的)黑色领带;船台(stocks) v. (商店或工厂)储备,贮存;为……备货,把……填满;(尤指为某个特定时刻或目的而)备货,囤积;为(枪等火器)装枪托;出新芽 adj. 老一套的,陈腐的;(商店里)常备的,通常有的,库存的;(有关)电影资料镜头的 【名】 (stock)(德、匈、捷)施托克,(英、法、葡、瑞典)斯托克(人名);stocks;stocks;stocking;stocked;stocked

3. boom [buːm] n. 繁荣;流行,风靡;隆隆声;吊杆;帆桁;水栅 v. 迅速发展,繁荣;轰鸣,轰响;用低沉的声音说 【名】 (boom)(英、美、荷、俄、比、德)博姆(人名);booms;booms;booming;boomed;boomed

4. accord [əˈkɔːd] n. 协议,条约;符合,一致 v. 使受到,给予(某种待遇);(与……)一致,符合;accords;accords;according;accorded;accorded

5. claim [kleɪm] v. 声称,断言;索取,索要(钱);要求(拥有),认领;使丧生,致命;赢得,获得;值得,需要(花时间或精力) n. 声称,断言;索要,索赔;权利,所有权;要求得到的土地使用权;专利新特征申明;claims;claims;claiming;claimed;claimed

6. global [ˈgləʊbəl] adj. 全球的,全世界的;全面的,整体的;(计算机)全局的;球形的

7. chip [tʃɪp] n. 炸薯条,炸薯片;芯片;碎块,碎屑;缺口,豁口;筹码;撮球,切球;木条 v. 打破,弄缺;(尤指用工具)削下,凿下;切成细条;撮球,挑球;chips;chips;chipping;chipped;chipped

8. thereby [ˈðeəˈbaɪ] adv. 因此,从而

9. ensure [ɪnˈʃʊə] v. 确保,保证;保护,使安全;ensures;ensuring;ensured;ensured

10. compute [kəmˈpjuːt] v. 估算,计算;不合情理,讲不通;用计算机计算 n. 计算,估计;computes;computing;computed;computed

11. assumption [əˈsʌmpʃən] n. 假定,假设;取得,承担;assumptions

12. expectation [ˌekspekˈteɪʃən] n. 期待,预期;期望,指望;expectations

13. bet [bet] v. 打赌,赌博;敢肯定 n. 下注;赌金;预计,猜想;有可能成功的人选(或备选行动) abbr. 在……之间(between. 【名】 (bet)(美)贝特(人名);bets;bets;betting;bet;betted;bet;betted

14. cliff [klɪf] n. 悬崖,峭壁 【名】 (cliff)(英)克利夫(人名);cliffs

15. plunge [plʌndʒ] v. (使)突然向前倒下(跌落);猛推,猛插;投入(液体中以使淹没);(价值)猛跌;(剧烈)颠簸,震荡;(马)猛地用后腿直立;陡然向下倾斜;骤然陷入;(鲁莽地)开始;(使)投身,(使)突然开始从事;种下(植物) n. (突然的)坠落;跳水,快速游泳;(价值或数量的)骤然下跌;突然陷入 adj. (女式服装)领口低的(plunging);plunges;plunges;plunging;plunged;plunged

16. semiconductor [ˈsemɪkənˈdʌktə] n. [电子][物] 半导体;semiconductors

17. capable [ˈkeɪpəbl] adj. 有能力的;有本领的,能干的;可以……的,容许……的

18. graphic [ˈgræfɪk] adj. 详细的,生动的;绘画的;图形的,图示的;(岩石表面纹理)文象的;(与)可视图像(有关)的;(与)视觉艺术(有关)的 n. 图表,图形;绘画,图形设计;graphics

19. flee [flɪː] v. 逃离,逃避,逃跑;flees;fleeing;fled;fled

20. tumble [ˈtʌmbl] v. 翻滚,滚落;摔倒,跌倒;倒塌,坍塌;(价格、数量等)暴跌,骤降;(水)滚滚而流;跌跌撞撞地走;翻跟头;(头发)垂落;突然闯入(某地),浑然不觉地进入(某种状态);(因兴奋或伤心而)快速说;(组织或体系突然)瓦解,不复存在;大量移动;弄乱,弄皱;做爱;用滚筒干燥机甩干;用滚净筒把(铸件、宝石矿石等)弄干净 n. 跌倒,滚落;(数量、价值)暴跌;混乱,杂乱;翻跟头;性交;(表认可、感激或感兴趣的)示好;tumbles;tumbles;tumbling;tumbled;tumbled

21. saw [sɔː] n. 锯;锯床;格言,谚语;锯齿状部位(或器官) v. 锯,锯开;乱剪;拉锯似的来回移动;(两人或多人) 通过互让解决,相互妥协 v. 看见;观看(电影、电视节目等);理解,领会(see 的过去式形式);saws;saws;sawing;sawed;sawn;sawed

22. venture [ˈventʃə] n. 风险项目,冒险事业;冒险旅行,冒险行动 v. 敢于去(未知或危险等地方);冒险;小心地说,谨慎地做;敢说,大胆表示 【名】 (venture) (法)旺蒂尔(人名);ventures;ventures;venturing;ventured;ventured

23. poll [pəʊl] n. 民意调查,民意测验;选举投票,计票;投票数;投票点(the polls);头顶,头皮;无角动物(尤指无角牛) v. 对……进行民意测验(调查);获得(票数);(电信,计算机)轮询,探询;截掉(动物,尤指小牛)的角;修枝 【名】 【名】(poll)(德、匈、罗、英)波尔(人名);polls;polls;polling;polled;polled

24. humanity [hjə(ː)ˈmænɪtɪ] n. 人类(总称);人性,人的属性;人道,仁慈;(历史、哲学、文学等)人文学科;humanities

25. engineering [ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] n. 工程,工程学;控制,引导,管理;筹划,出谋划策 v. 设计,建造;策划,精心安排(engineer 的现在分词形式)

26. liable [ˈlaɪəbl] adj. (在法律上)有责任的,有义务的;很可能会发生的;有……倾向的

27. responsible [rɪsˈpɒnsəbl] adj. (对某人、某事)负责的;(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的;(工作或职位)重要的,责任重大的;可靠的,负责任的;作为缘由的,应受归咎的;向......负责的,向......汇报的

28. pit [pɪt] n. (地面的)坑,洼;(表面上的)疤痕,凹陷;矿井;异常凌乱的地方;(舞台前的)乐池,乐队席;非常糟糕的事物(the pits);(水果或蔬菜的)核;腋窝,心窝;(赛车道旁的)检修加油站;深渊,绝境;(交易所内特定股票或商品的)交易场;斗兽场;(剧场)正厅后座;无底洞,巨库;床 v. 使竞争,使对立;去除……的果核;(使)有疤痕,(使)凹陷;(为加油或维修而将赛车)开入检修加油站;使动物相斗(以取乐);窖藏 【名】 (pit)(东南亚国家华语)必(人名);pits;pits;pitting;pitted;pitted

29. halt [hɔːlt] v. (使)停止行进;阻止,中断;(口令)立定;跛行;(尤指逻辑或诗韵)有缺陷;踌躇,犹豫 n. 停止,中止;乡间小火车站(只有站台);跛,瘸;跛,瘸;(口令)立定 adj. 跛的,瘸的 【名】 (halt)(美、德、英)哈尔特(人名);halts;halts;halting;halted;halted

30. consideration [kənsɪdəˈreɪʃən] n. 考虑,斟酌;考虑因素;体贴,关心;报酬,酬金;(合同协议中的)对价,约因;重要(性);considerations

31. financial [faɪˈnænʃəl, ˌfɪ-] adj. 财政的,金融的;有钱的;(俱乐部或社团成员)已缴费的 n. (组织或个人的)财务状况;金融公司股票



□  □  □









考研摸拟练习
Investors may have got too excited about something they don’t fully understand – and are now paying the price
Wed 7 Aug 2024 19.06 BST
Has the artificial intelligence bubble burst? The question has been on the lips of many this week as they have watched the stock market slide, with billions wiped off the value of technology companies that had boomed since the arrival of large language models. It was the economist Hyman Minsky who thought Wall Street encouraged too much risk and gulled investors into parting with cash for all the wrong reasons. The result was ruinous boom-and-bust cycles. His model began with “displacement”, which is when investors get excited about something they don’t fully understand – something like AI.
Last year, OpenAI’s ChatGPT chatbot got to 100 million users in two months. What follows displacement, according to Minsky, is boom, euphoria, profit-taking and panic. There’s been a boom. It is reported that more than 200 AI startups globally are unicorns – meaning they’re valued at $1bn or more.
There’s been plenty of euphoria too. Earlier this year, a report by the Wall Street Journal claimed that the CEO of OpenAI, Sam Altman, was in talks with investors to raise between $5tn and 7tn to reshape the global chip industry and thereby ensure the supply of the necessary computing power. The assumption here is that all that is needed to approach lifelike sentience is to increase computing power and make available the data to crunch. There are surely too many expectations for that bet to be a sure thing.
We could very well be in the stage of profit-taking. This is when there is a Wile E Coyote moment for stocks. When the cartoon character has run off a cliff, he looks down and realises that he’s standing on thin air – and plunges. With markets, investors suddenly clock that prices can’t just keep rising – and need to pull out their cash, causing share prices to crash. That’s been happening to semiconductor stocks, particularly Nvidia, which is the only company currently capable of producing the graphics processing unit chips that power AI.
Whether we have reached the stage of Minskyian panic is moot. The bubble bursts as quickly as investors can flee the markets. Amazon’s share price tumbled in part because analysts looked at its earnings and saw that the company spent lavishly on AI without much to show for it. Some venture capitalists think the party hasn’t even begun. Yet so far the public haven’t found much use for the technology. In a poll for the Reuters Institute, 29% of people in the UK said they had used ChatGPT, but only 2% used it daily. Most people who tried the chatbot, wrote the analyst Benedict Evans, “didn’t see how it was useful”.
Those concerns might bother the markets, but humanity has larger things to worry about. If AI’s development is not managed carefully, many argue, humanity risks engineering its own extinction. Politicians say the technology is advancing at such a rapid pace that there must be protections for the public. Notably, California is considering a law that would, in the event of misuse of an AI model, hold liable not only the party responsible but the original developer of that model. That pits the state’s key industry against many of its lawmakers. If anything ought to bring the AI juggernaut to a halt, then surely societal considerations are better than financial speculation.



外刊双语剪 考研阅读精选 ↓↓
◇◇◇







开始比阅

0参考↓■Investors, 投资者; ■excited, 兴奋的; ■about, 关于; ■something, 某物; ■don’t, 不要; ■fully, 完全地; ■understand, 理解; ■paying, 支付的; ■price, 价格;

Investors may have got too excited about something they don’t fully understand – and are now paying the price

▲参考单词↑↓翻译&考纲单词▼

《卫报》对科技泡沫破裂的看法:人工智能为过高的预期付出代价

Wed 7 Aug 2024 19.06 BST

投资者可能对自己不完全了解的事情过于兴奋——现在正在付出代价

2参考↓■artificial, 人造的; ■intelligence, 智力; ■bubble, 气泡; ■burst, 爆发; ■question, 问题; ■watched, 注视; ■stock, 股票; ■market, 市场; ■slide, 滑动; ■billions, 十亿; ■wiped, 擦过了; ■value, 价值; ■technology, 技术; ■companies, 公司; ■boomed, 隆隆作响; ■since, 自从; ■arrival, 到达; ■large, 大的; ■language, 语言; ■models, 模型; ■economist, 经济学家; ■Hyman, 海曼; ■Minsky, 明斯基; ■thought, 思想; ■Street, 街道; ■encouraged, 鼓励; ■gulled, 上当受骗; ■investors, 投资者; ■parting, 离别; ■wrong, 错误的; ■reasons, 原因; ■result, 结果; ■ruinous, 毁灭性的; ■boom-and-bust, 繁荣与萧条; ■cycles, 循环; ■model, 模型; ■began, 开始; ■displacement, 取代; ■which, 哪一个; ■investors, 投资者; ■excited, 兴奋的; ■about, 关于; ■something, 某物; ■don’t, 不要; ■fully, 完全地; ■understand, 理解; ■something, 某物;

Has the artificial intelligence bubble burst? The question has been on the lips of many this week as they have watched the stock market slide, with billions wiped off the value of technology companies that had boomed since the arrival of large language models. It was the economist Hyman Minsky who thought Wall Street encouraged too much risk and gulled investors into parting with cash for all the wrong reasons. The result was ruinous boom-and-bust cycles. His model began with “displacement”, which is when investors get excited about something they don’t fully understand – something like AI.

2024 年 8 月 7 日星期三 19.06 BST

1. bubble [ˈbʌbl] n. 气泡,泡沫;经济泡沫;(欲表达的)一点感情;气泡框;泡状物;安全的地方(或位置);泡螺 v. 冒泡,沸腾;发出冒泡的声音;忙碌,活跃;兴奋,激动;(情绪、感情等)涌动;bubbles;bubbles;bubbling;bubbled;bubbled

2. stock [stɒk] n. (商店的)现货,存货,库存;储备物,备用物;储备量,现有量;股本,资本;股份,股票;公债,公债券;家畜,牲畜;家族,世系;(动植物的)类,种类,种群;高汤,原汤;(用作刑具的)手足枷(stocks);(工具的)柄,(尤指)枪托;名声,声望;紫罗兰;接穗,砧木;(草本植物多年生的)根茎,根状茎;(演出几种不同保留剧目的)专业剧团;信任,相信;(铁路上运行的)全部车辆(包括机车、车厢等);(胶卷)原片;(牌戏中)发剩下的牌;(商品的)原材料;锚杆;主轴台,主轴箱(headstock 的简称);尾架,尾座(tailstock 的简称);(作为正式骑马服饰一部分的)白色领结,白色领带;(牧师衣领下系的)黑色领带;船台(stocks) v. (商店或工厂)储备,贮存;为……备货,把……填满;(尤指为某个特定时刻或目的而)备货,囤积;为(枪等火器)装枪托;出新芽 adj. 老一套的,陈腐的;(商店里)常备的,通常有的,库存的;(有关)电影资料镜头的 【名】 (stock)(德、匈、捷)施托克,(英、法、葡、瑞典)斯托克(人名);stocks;stocks;stocking;stocked;stocked

3. boom [buːm] n. 繁荣;流行,风靡;隆隆声;吊杆;帆桁;水栅 v. 迅速发展,繁荣;轰鸣,轰响;用低沉的声音说 【名】 (boom)(英、美、荷、俄、比、德)博姆(人名);booms;booms;booming;boomed;boomed

3参考↓■OpenAI’s, OpenAI; ■ChatGPT, ChatGPT; ■chatbot, 聊天机器人; ■million, 百万; ■users, 用户; ■months, 月; ■follows, 跟随; ■displacement, 取代; ■according, 根据; ■Minsky, 明斯基; ■euphoria, 兴奋; ■profit-taking, 获利回吐; ■panic, 恐慌; ■There’s, 有; ■reported, 报道; ■startups, 初创公司; ■globally, 全球地; ■unicorns, 独角兽; ■meaning, 意思; ■they’re, 他们是; ■valued, 宝贵的;

Last year, OpenAI’s ChatGPT chatbot got to 100 million users in two months. What follows displacement, according to Minsky, is boom, euphoria, profit-taking and panic. There’s been a boom. It is reported that more than 200 AI startups globally are unicorns – meaning they’re valued at $1bn or more.

人工智能泡沫破裂后,股市会怎样?本周,许多人都在谈论这个问题,因为他们看到股市下滑,自大型语言模型出现以来蓬勃发展的科技公司市值蒸发了数十亿美元。经济学家海曼·明斯基认为华尔街鼓励过多的风险,并诱使投资者出于各种错误的原因抛售现金。结果是毁灭性的兴衰周期。他的模型始于“置换”,即投资者对他们不完全了解的东西感到兴奋——比如人工智能。

3. boom [buːm] n. 繁荣;流行,风靡;隆隆声;吊杆;帆桁;水栅 v. 迅速发展,繁荣;轰鸣,轰响;用低沉的声音说 【名】 (boom)(英、美、荷、俄、比、德)博姆(人名);booms;booms;booming;boomed;boomed

4. accord [əˈkɔːd] n. 协议,条约;符合,一致 v. 使受到,给予(某种待遇);(与……)一致,符合;accords;accords;according;accorded;accorded

6. global [ˈgləʊbəl] adj. 全球的,全世界的;全面的,整体的;(计算机)全局的;球形的


··◇·· 您已读到文章中部,稍憩继续!··◇··

4参考↓■There’s, 有; ■plenty, 大量; ■euphoria, 兴奋; ■Earlier, 早期的; ■report, 报告; ■Street, 街道; ■Journal, 期刊; ■claimed, 声称; ■OpenAI, OpenAI; ■Altman, 奥特曼; ■talks, 会谈; ■investors, 投资者; ■raise, 提升; ■between, 之间; ■reshape, 重塑; ■global, 全球的; ■industry, 行业; ■thereby, 从而; ■ensure, 确保; ■supply, 供给; ■necessary, 必要的; ■computing, 计算机; ■power, 权力; ■assumption, 假设; ■needed, 需要; ■approach, 方法; ■lifelike, 栩栩如生; ■sentience, 知觉; ■increase, 增加; ■computing, 计算机; ■power, 权力; ■available, 可获得的; ■crunch, 嚼; ■There, 那里; ■surely, 当然; ■expectations, 期望; ■thing, 事情;

There’s been plenty of euphoria too. Earlier this year, a report by the Wall Street Journal claimed that the CEO of OpenAI, Sam Altman, was in talks with investors to raise between $5tn and 7tn to reshape the global chip industry and thereby ensure the supply of the necessary computing power. The assumption here is that all that is needed to approach lifelike sentience is to increase computing power and make available the data to crunch. There are surely too many expectations for that bet to be a sure thing.

去年,OpenAI 的 ChatGPT聊天机器人在两个月内就吸引了 1 亿用户。明斯基认为,排挤之后,随之而来的是繁荣、兴奋、获利回吐和恐慌。繁荣已经来临。据报道,全球有 200 多家 AI 初创公司是独角兽——这意味着它们的估值达到或超过 10 亿美元。

5. claim [kleɪm] v. 声称,断言;索取,索要(钱);要求(拥有),认领;使丧生,致命;赢得,获得;值得,需要(花时间或精力) n. 声称,断言;索要,索赔;权利,所有权;要求得到的土地使用权;专利新特征申明;claims;claims;claiming;claimed;claimed

6. global [ˈgləʊbəl] adj. 全球的,全世界的;全面的,整体的;(计算机)全局的;球形的

7. chip [tʃɪp] n. 炸薯条,炸薯片;芯片;碎块,碎屑;缺口,豁口;筹码;撮球,切球;木条 v. 打破,弄缺;(尤指用工具)削下,凿下;切成细条;撮球,挑球;chips;chips;chipping;chipped;chipped

8. thereby [ˈðeəˈbaɪ] adv. 因此,从而

9. ensure [ɪnˈʃʊə] v. 确保,保证;保护,使安全;ensures;ensuring;ensured;ensured

11. assumption [əˈsʌmpʃən] n. 假定,假设;取得,承担;assumptions

12. expectation [ˌekspekˈteɪʃən] n. 期待,预期;期望,指望;expectations

13. bet [bet] v. 打赌,赌博;敢肯定 n. 下注;赌金;预计,猜想;有可能成功的人选(或备选行动) abbr. 在……之间(between. 【名】 (bet)(美)贝特(人名);bets;bets;betting;bet;betted;bet;betted

5参考↓■could, 能够; ■stage, 阶段; ■profit-taking, 获利回吐; ■there, 那里; ■Coyote, 郊狼; ■moment, 瞬间; ■stocks, 股票; ■cartoon, 卡通; ■character, 性格; ■cliff, 悬崖; ■looks, 看; ■realises, 意识到; ■standing, 站立; ■plunges, 跳水; ■markets, 市场; ■investors, 投资者; ■suddenly, 突然; ■clock, 时钟; ■prices, 价格; ■can’t, 不能; ■rising, 上升; ■their, 他们的; ■causing, 造成; ■share, 分享; ■prices, 价格; ■crash, 崩溃; ■That’s, 那是; ■happening, 正在发生; ■semiconductor, 半导体; ■stocks, 股票; ■particularly, 尤其; ■Nvidia, 英伟达; ■which, 哪一个; ■company, 公司; ■currently, 目前; ■capable, 能干的; ■producing, 生产; ■graphics, 绘图; ■processing, 处理; ■chips, 炸薯条; ■power, 权力;

We could very well be in the stage of profit-taking. This is when there is a Wile E Coyote moment for stocks. When the cartoon character has run off a cliff, he looks down and realises that he’s standing on thin air – and plunges. With markets, investors suddenly clock that prices can’t just keep rising – and need to pull out their cash, causing share prices to crash. That’s been happening to semiconductor stocks, particularly Nvidia, which is the only company currently capable of producing the graphics processing unit chips that power AI.

也有很多人对此感到欣喜。今年早些时候,《华尔街日报》报道称,OpenAI 首席执行官 Sam Altman 正在与投资者谈判,希望筹集5 万亿至 7 万亿美元,以重塑全球芯片行业,从而确保必要的计算能力供应。这里的假设是,要实现逼真的感知,只需要提高计算能力并提供数据进行处理。人们对这一赌注寄予厚望,这肯定是万无一失的。

2. stock [stɒk] n. (商店的)现货,存货,库存;储备物,备用物;储备量,现有量;股本,资本;股份,股票;公债,公债券;家畜,牲畜;家族,世系;(动植物的)类,种类,种群;高汤,原汤;(用作刑具的)手足枷(stocks);(工具的)柄,(尤指)枪托;名声,声望;紫罗兰;接穗,砧木;(草本植物多年生的)根茎,根状茎;(演出几种不同保留剧目的)专业剧团;信任,相信;(铁路上运行的)全部车辆(包括机车、车厢等);(胶卷)原片;(牌戏中)发剩下的牌;(商品的)原材料;锚杆;主轴台,主轴箱(headstock 的简称);尾架,尾座(tailstock 的简称);(作为正式骑马服饰一部分的)白色领结,白色领带;(牧师衣领下系的)黑色领带;船台(stocks) v. (商店或工厂)储备,贮存;为……备货,把……填满;(尤指为某个特定时刻或目的而)备货,囤积;为(枪等火器)装枪托;出新芽 adj. 老一套的,陈腐的;(商店里)常备的,通常有的,库存的;(有关)电影资料镜头的 【名】 (stock)(德、匈、捷)施托克,(英、法、葡、瑞典)斯托克(人名);stocks;stocks;stocking;stocked;stocked

7. chip [tʃɪp] n. 炸薯条,炸薯片;芯片;碎块,碎屑;缺口,豁口;筹码;撮球,切球;木条 v. 打破,弄缺;(尤指用工具)削下,凿下;切成细条;撮球,挑球;chips;chips;chipping;chipped;chipped

14. cliff [klɪf] n. 悬崖,峭壁 【名】 (cliff)(英)克利夫(人名);cliffs

15. plunge [plʌndʒ] v. (使)突然向前倒下(跌落);猛推,猛插;投入(液体中以使淹没);(价值)猛跌;(剧烈)颠簸,震荡;(马)猛地用后腿直立;陡然向下倾斜;骤然陷入;(鲁莽地)开始;(使)投身,(使)突然开始从事;种下(植物) n. (突然的)坠落;跳水,快速游泳;(价值或数量的)骤然下跌;突然陷入 adj. (女式服装)领口低的(plunging);plunges;plunges;plunging;plunged;plunged

16. semiconductor [ˈsemɪkənˈdʌktə] n. [电子][物] 半导体;semiconductors

17. capable [ˈkeɪpəbl] adj. 有能力的;有本领的,能干的;可以……的,容许……的

18. graphic [ˈgræfɪk] adj. 详细的,生动的;绘画的;图形的,图示的;(岩石表面纹理)文象的;(与)可视图像(有关)的;(与)视觉艺术(有关)的 n. 图表,图形;绘画,图形设计;graphics

6参考↓■Whether, 是否; ■reached, 达到; ■stage, 阶段; ■Minskyian, 明斯基人; ■panic, 恐慌; ■bubble, 气泡; ■bursts, 爆发; ■quickly, 迅速地; ■investors, 投资者; ■markets, 市场; ■Amazon’s, 亚马逊的; ■share, 分享; ■price, 价格; ■tumbled, 摔倒了; ■because, 因为; ■analysts, 分析员; ■looked, 看; ■earnings, 收益; ■company, 公司; ■spent, 已花费; ■lavishly, 奢侈; ■without, 没有; ■venture, 风险; ■capitalists, 资本家; ■think, 认为; ■party, 聚会; ■hasn’t, 还没有; ■begun, 开始; ■public, 公众的; ■haven’t, 还没有; ■found, 建立; ■technology, 技术; ■Reuters, 路透社; ■Institute, 研究所; ■people, 人; ■ChatGPT, ChatGPT; ■daily, 每日的; ■people, 人; ■tried, 尝试; ■chatbot, 聊天机器人; ■wrote, 写的; ■analyst, 分析师; ■Benedict, 本尼迪克特; ■Evans, 埃文斯; ■didn’t, 没有; ■useful, 有用的;

Whether we have reached the stage of Minskyian panic is moot. The bubble bursts as quickly as investors can flee the markets. Amazon’s share price tumbled in part because analysts looked at its earnings and saw that the company spent lavishly on AI without much to show for it. Some venture capitalists think the party hasn’t even begun. Yet so far the public haven’t found much use for the technology. In a poll for the Reuters Institute, 29% of people in the UK said they had used ChatGPT, but only 2% used it daily. Most people who tried the chatbot, wrote the analyst Benedict Evans, “didn’t see how it was useful”.

我们很可能正处于获利回吐阶段。这时股票市场就会出现威利狼 (Wile E Coyote) 时刻。当卡通人物从悬崖上跑下来时,他低头一看,发现自己站在空气中,然后一头栽了下去。在市场上,投资者突然意识到价格不能一直上涨,需要撤出现金,导致股价暴跌。半导体股票就是这种情况,尤其是英伟达,它是目前唯一一家能够生产驱动人工智能的图形处理单元芯片的公司。

1. bubble [ˈbʌbl] n. 气泡,泡沫;经济泡沫;(欲表达的)一点感情;气泡框;泡状物;安全的地方(或位置);泡螺 v. 冒泡,沸腾;发出冒泡的声音;忙碌,活跃;兴奋,激动;(情绪、感情等)涌动;bubbles;bubbles;bubbling;bubbled;bubbled

19. flee [flɪː] v. 逃离,逃避,逃跑;flees;fleeing;fled;fled

20. tumble [ˈtʌmbl] v. 翻滚,滚落;摔倒,跌倒;倒塌,坍塌;(价格、数量等)暴跌,骤降;(水)滚滚而流;跌跌撞撞地走;翻跟头;(头发)垂落;突然闯入(某地),浑然不觉地进入(某种状态);(因兴奋或伤心而)快速说;(组织或体系突然)瓦解,不复存在;大量移动;弄乱,弄皱;做爱;用滚筒干燥机甩干;用滚净筒把(铸件、宝石矿石等)弄干净 n. 跌倒,滚落;(数量、价值)暴跌;混乱,杂乱;翻跟头;性交;(表认可、感激或感兴趣的)示好;tumbles;tumbles;tumbling;tumbled;tumbled

21. saw [sɔː] n. 锯;锯床;格言,谚语;锯齿状部位(或器官) v. 锯,锯开;乱剪;拉锯似的来回移动;(两人或多人) 通过互让解决,相互妥协 v. 看见;观看(电影、电视节目等);理解,领会(see 的过去式形式);saws;saws;sawing;sawed;sawn;sawed

22. venture [ˈventʃə] n. 风险项目,冒险事业;冒险旅行,冒险行动 v. 敢于去(未知或危险等地方);冒险;小心地说,谨慎地做;敢说,大胆表示 【名】 (venture) (法)旺蒂尔(人名);ventures;ventures;venturing;ventured;ventured

23. poll [pəʊl] n. 民意调查,民意测验;选举投票,计票;投票数;投票点(the polls);头顶,头皮;无角动物(尤指无角牛) v. 对……进行民意测验(调查);获得(票数);(电信,计算机)轮询,探询;截掉(动物,尤指小牛)的角;修枝 【名】 【名】(poll)(德、匈、罗、英)波尔(人名);polls;polls;polling;polled;polled

28. pit [pɪt] n. (地面的)坑,洼;(表面上的)疤痕,凹陷;矿井; 异常凌乱的地方;(舞台前的)乐池,乐队席;非常糟糕的事物(the pits);(水果或蔬菜的)核;腋窝,心窝;(赛车道旁的)检修加油站;深渊,绝境;(交易所内特定股票或商品的)交易场;斗兽场;(剧场)正厅后座;无底洞,巨库;床 v. 使竞争,使对立;去除……的果核;(使)有疤痕,(使)凹陷;(为加油或维修而将赛车)开入检修加油站;使动物相斗(以取乐);窖藏 【名】 (pit)(东南亚国家华语)必(人名);pits;pits;pitting;pitted;pitted

7参考↓■Those, 那些; ■concerns, 关注点; ■might, 可以; ■bother, 打扰; ■markets, 市场; ■humanity, 人性; ■larger, 更大的; ■things, 东西; ■worry, 担心; ■about, 关于; ■development, 发展; ■managed, 管理; ■carefully, 小心; ■argue, 争论; ■humanity, 人性; ■risks, 风险; ■engineering, 工程; ■extinction, 灭绝; ■Politicians, 政治家; ■technology, 技术; ■advancing, 前进; ■rapid, 迅速的; ■there, 那里; ■protections, 保护措施; ■public, 公众的; ■Notably, 尤其是; ■California, 加利福尼亚; ■considering, 考虑到; ■would, 将; ■event, 事件; ■misuse, 误用; ■model, 模型; ■liable, 有责任的; ■party, 聚会; ■responsible, 负责的; ■original, 起初的; ■developer, 开发商; ■model, 模型; ■state’s, 国家的; ■industry, 行业; ■against, 反对; ■lawmakers, 立法者; ■anything, 任何东西; ■ought, 应该; ■bring, 带来; ■juggernaut, 巨兽; ■surely, 当然; ■societal, 社会的; ■considerations, 注意事项; ■better, 更好的; ■financial, 金融的; ■speculation, 投机;

Those concerns might bother the markets, but humanity has larger things to worry about. If AI’s development is not managed carefully, many argue, humanity risks engineering its own extinction. Politicians say the technology is advancing at such a rapid pace that there must be protections for the public. Notably, California is considering a law that would, in the event of misuse of an AI model, hold liable not only the party responsible but the original developer of that model. That pits the state’s key industry against many of its lawmakers. If anything ought to bring the AI juggernaut to a halt, then surely societal considerations are better than financial speculation.

我们是否已经达到了明斯基式恐慌的阶段尚无定论。投资者逃离市场的速度有多快,泡沫就有多快破裂。亚马逊股价暴跌的部分原因是分析师们查看了其收益,发现该公司在人工智能方面投入了大量资金,但并没有取得太多成果。一些风险投资家认为,狂欢还没有开始。然而到目前为止,公众还没有发现这项技术有多大用处。在路透社研究所的一项民意调查中,29% 的英国人表示他们使用过 ChatGPT,但只有 2% 的人每天都在使用。分析师本尼迪克特·埃文斯 (Benedict Evans)写道,大多数尝试过聊天机器人的人“都没有看到它有什么用处”。

13. bet [bet] v. 打赌,赌博;敢肯定 n. 下注;赌金;预计,猜想;有可能成功的人选(或备选行动) abbr. 在……之间(between. 【名】 (bet)(美)贝特(人名);bets;bets;betting;bet;betted;bet;betted

24. humanity [hjə(ː)ˈmænɪtɪ] n. 人类(总称);人性,人的属性;人道,仁慈;(历史、哲学、文学等)人文学科;humanities

25. engineering [ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] n. 工程,工程学;控制,引导,管理;筹划,出谋划策 v. 设计,建造;策划,精心安排(engineer 的现在分词形式)

26. liable [ˈlaɪəbl] adj. (在法律上)有责任的,有义务的;很可能会发生的;有……倾向的

27. responsible [rɪsˈpɒnsəbl] adj. (对某人、某事)负责的;(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的;(工作或职位)重要的,责任重大的;可靠的,负责任的;作为缘由的,应受归咎的;向......负责的,向......汇报的

28. pit [pɪt] n. (地面的)坑,洼;(表面上的)疤痕,凹陷;矿井; 异常凌乱的地方;(舞台前的)乐池,乐队席;非常糟糕的事物(the pits);(水果或蔬菜的)核;腋窝,心窝;(赛车道旁的)检修加油站;深渊,绝境;(交易所内特定股票或商品的)交易场;斗兽场;(剧场)正厅后座;无底洞,巨库;床 v. 使竞争,使对立;去除……的果核;(使)有疤痕,(使)凹陷;(为加油或维修而将赛车)开入检修加油站;使动物相斗(以取乐);窖藏 【名】 (pit)(东南亚国家华语)必(人名);pits;pits;pitting;pitted;pitted

29. halt [hɔːlt] v. (使)停止行进;阻止,中断;(口令)立定;跛行;(尤指逻辑或诗韵)有缺陷;踌躇,犹豫 n. 停止,中止;乡间小火车站(只有站台);跛,瘸; 跛,瘸;(口令)立定 adj. 跛的,瘸的 【名】 (halt)(美、德、英)哈尔特(人名);halts;halts;halting;halted;halted

30. consideration [kənsɪdəˈreɪʃən] n. 考虑,斟酌;考虑因素;体贴,关心;报酬,酬金;(合同协议中的)对价,约因;重要(性);considerations

31. financial [faɪˈnænʃəl, ˌfɪ-] adj. 财政的,金融的;有钱的;(俱乐部或社团成员)已缴费的 n. (组织或个人的)财务状况;金融公司股票

这些担忧可能会困扰市场,但人类还有更大的事情要担心。许多人认为,如果不谨慎管理人工智能的发展,人类就有可能走向灭亡。政客们表示,这项技术发展如此迅速,必须为公众提供保护。值得注意的是,加利福尼亚州正在考虑一项法律,如果人工智能模型被滥用,不仅要追究责任方的责任,还要追究该模型的原始开发者的责任。这使得该州的关键产业与许多立法者对立起来。如果有什么能阻止人工智能的迅猛发展,那么社会考虑肯定比金融投机要好。










单词/模拟练习

/////////













考研英语外刊君
考研英语,外刊双语阅读,双语比阅,英语四六级考试,职称英语考试,高考英语阅读。双语杂志,双语精选,双语精读,卫报,今日心理学,金融时报,大西洋月刊,经济学人,时代周刊,纽约时报,自然杂志等。
 最新文章