0参考↓■Guardian, 守护者; ■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■force, 力; ■reckoned, 估计;
The Guardian view on female artists: a force to be reckoned with
卫报》对女艺术家的看法:不可忽视的力量
1. reckon [ˈrekən] v. 估算,计算;料想,认为;把……看作;期望,指望;reckons;reckoning;reckoned;reckoned
1参考↓■Tracey, 特蕾西; ■right, 正确的; ■women, 女人; ■creating, 创建; ■Their, 他们的; ■finally, 最后; ■getting, 得到; ■attention, 注意; ■deserves, 值得;
Tracey Emin is right, women keep on creating into old age. Their work is finally getting the attention it deserves
特蕾西-艾敏(Tracey Emin)说得没错,女性创作一直持续到老年。她们的作品终于得到了应有的关注
Fri 18 Oct 2024 18.25 BST
北京时间 2024 年 10 月 18 日星期五 18.25
3参考↓■launch, 发射; ■1980s, 1980年代; ■Kazuo, Kazuo; ■Ishiguro, 石黑; ■quipped, 俏皮; ■Martin, 马丁; ■greatest, 最大的; ■novels, 小说; ■written, 书面的; ■authors, 作者; ■their, 他们的; ■wrote, 写的; ■first, 第一; ■novel, 小说; ■about, 关于; ■Tracey, 特蕾西; ■expressed, 表达; ■similar, 类似的; ■sentiment, 情绪; ■observing, 观察; ■Louis, 路易斯; ■Theroux, Theroux; ■Podcast, 播客; ■artists, 艺术家; ■creative, 创造性的; ■force, 力; ■after, 之后; ■added, 补充; ■Ishiguro’s, 石黑浩的; ■thesis, 论文; ■women, 女人; ■woman, 女人; ■carry, 携带; ■coming, 来了; ■until, 直到; ■you’re, 你是;
At a book launch in the late 1980s, Kazuo Ishiguro quipped to Martin Amis that all the greatest novels were written by authors in their 20s and 30s. Amis, who wrote his first novel at 23, was just about to turn 40. Last week, Tracey Emin expressed a similar sentiment, observing on The Louis Theroux Podcast that most male artists are less of a creative “force” after the age of 40. Emin added her own spin on Ishiguro’s thesis: women “just tend to come and come and come and come and come, so as a woman, you carry on coming all your life until you’re old”. Emin is 61.
在20世纪80年代末的一次新书发布会上,石黑一雄对马丁-艾米斯说,所有最伟大的小说都是由二三十岁的作家写成的。当时,23 岁就写出第一部小说的艾米斯即将年满 40 岁。上周,特蕾西-艾敏(Tracey Emin)也表达了类似的观点,她在《路易斯-特鲁播客》(The Louis Theroux Podcast)节目中指出,大多数男性艺术家在 40 岁之后就不再那么有创作 “力量 ”了。艾敏对石黑的论点做了自己的解释:女性 “往往是来了又来,来了又来,来了又来,所以作为女性,你一生都在来,直到老去”。艾敏今年 61 岁。
2. launch [lɔːntʃ, lɑːntʃ] v. 发动,发起;上市,发行;使(船或舰)下水;发射(武器或宇宙飞船);启动(计算机程序);投出,用力扔出;使投身于(事业等);起飞,出海 n. (航天器的)发射;(产品的)上市;(事件的)发起;汽艇,游艇;(新产品,出版物)发布会,推介会;launches;launches;launching;launched;launched
3. sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt] n. 观点,看法,情绪;多愁善感,伤感情绪;sentiments
4. creative [krɪ(ː)ˈeɪtɪv] adj. 创造(性)的,创作的;有创造力的,有想象力的 n. 创作者;创意,创作素材
5. spin [spɪn] v. (使)快速旋转;(使)急转身;(头感到)眩晕;纺纱,纺织;飞驰,疾驰;编故事;有倾向性地陈述;(用甩干机或洗衣机)甩干(衣服);(昆虫)吐(丝),结(网);(用旋式诱饵)钓鱼;播放(唱片);抛(硬币);(球)旋转;(用车床将金属薄板)旋压成形 n. 高速旋转;兜风;带倾向性的解释(或说法);(政治上的)倾向性报道;(尤指板球、网球、斯诺克球中的)旋转球;(飞机的)旋冲,螺旋下降;晕头转向,焦虑不安;(物理)核素总角动量;spins;spins;spinning;spun;spun
6. thesis [ˈθɪːsɪs] n. 论文,毕业(或学位)论文;论题,论点;(文章的)主题;(黑格尔哲学用语)正题;(诗韵)扬音节;theses
4参考↓■artist, 艺术家; ■famous, 著名的; ■Everyone, 所有人; ■Slept, 睡; ■1963-1995, 1963-1995; ■never, 从未; ■shied, 惊退; ■sparking, 发出火星; ■controversy, 争议; ■clearly, 清晰地; ■unfair, 不公正的; ■dismiss, 解雇; ■artists, 艺术家; ■their, 他们的; ■history, 历史; ■littered, 乱扔垃圾; ■literally, 字面意思; ■masters, 大师; ■David, 大卫; ■Hockney, 霍克尼; ■still, 仍然; ■going, 去; ■strong, 坚强的; ■Lucian, 卢西恩; ■Freud, 弗洛伊德; ■painted, 着色的; ■until, 直到; ■Michelangelo, 米开朗基罗; ■Picasso, 毕加索; ■Matisse, 马蒂斯; ■prolific, 多产; ■until, 直到; ■respectively, 分别地;
The artist, most famous for Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963-1995 (The Tent) and My Bed, has never shied away from sparking controversy. It is clearly unfair to dismiss all male artists as past their “peak” at 40. Art history is littered with old – literally – masters: David Hockney is still going strong at 87; Lucian Freud painted until the day he died in 2011, aged 88, as did Michelangelo; Picasso and Matisse were prolific until the ripe old ages of 91 and 84 respectively.
这位以《1963-1995 年我睡过的人》(The Tent)和《我的床》(My Bed)而闻名的艺术家从不回避引发的争议。将所有男性艺术家都斥为已过了 40 岁的 “巅峰期 ”显然是不公平的。艺术史上不乏年迈的艺术大师:大卫-霍克尼(David Hockney)87 岁高龄仍保持着旺盛的创作力;卢西安-弗洛伊德(Lucian Freud)和米开朗基罗(Michelangelo)一样,一直创作到 2011 年 88 岁去世;毕加索(Picasso)和马蒂斯(Matisse)分别创作到 91 岁和 84 岁。
7. spark [spɑːk] n. 导火线,诱因;火花,火星;电火花;一丝,略微;生气,活力,才华;愤怒的情感,激烈的情绪;军队中对无线电报务员(或电工)的昵称(sparks);生龙活虎的小伙子;(内燃机里火花塞的)放电 v. 引发,触发;产生火花(电火花);点燃;增加趣味(或活力、风味等);求婚 【名】 (spark) (美)斯帕克(人名);sparks;sparks;sparking;sparked;sparked
8. controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜːsɪ] n. 争论,争议;controversies
9. peak [pɪːk] n. 巅峰,顶点;山顶;有尖峰的山;尖端,尖顶;帽檐,帽舌;极值,峰值;(艏或艉的)尖舱;斜桁外端,(帆的)后上角 v. 达到高峰,达到最大值;消瘦,衰弱,精神萎靡 adj. 巅峰状态的,最高的;高峰时期的 【名】 (peak)(英)皮克(人名);peaks;peaks;peaking;peaked;peaked
10. litter [ˈlɪtə] n. (公共场所内乱扔的)垃圾,废弃物;一堆杂乱的东西;(同时出生的)一窝(小动物);猫砂;(森林里的)落叶,落叶层;(家畜睡觉用的)褥草,垫草;轿子;担架 v. 散乱覆盖;(在公共场所)乱扔(垃圾);使(某事物)充满;(狗、猫等动物)产仔;(为马或其他动物)铺褥草 【名】 (litter)(匈、德)利特(人名);litters;litters;littering;littered;littered
11. literally [ˈlɪtərəlɪ] adv. 按照字面意义地,逐字地;真正地,确实地;(用于夸张地强调)简直
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5参考↓■something, 某物; ■indefatigability, 不知疲倦; ■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■finally, 最后; ■having, 有; ■their, 他们的; ■moment, 瞬间; ■Along, 随着; ■whose, 谁的; ■exhibition, 展览; ■Followed, 跟着; ■running, 跑步; ■White, 白色; ■there, 那里; ■London, 伦敦; ■retrospectives, 回顾; ■older, 老年人; ■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■including, 包括; ■Claudette, 克劳德特; ■Johnson, 约翰逊; ■shortlisted, 入围名单; ■year’s, 年份; ■Turner, 特纳; ■prize, 奖; ■85-year-old, 85岁; ■American, 美国人; ■feminist, 女权主义者; ■Chicago, 芝加哥; ■Paula, 宝拉; ■posthumous, 死后; ■triumph, 胜利; ■replacing, 更换; ■portraits, 肖像; ■Queen, 女王; ■Elizabeth, 伊丽莎白; ■Walter, 沃尔特; ■Raleigh, 罗利; ■rehang, 瑞航; ■Starmer, 斯塔默; ■Downing, 唐宁; ■Street, 街道;
But Emin is on to something with the indefatigability of female artists. And now they finally seem to be having their moment. Along with Emin, whose solo exhibition I Followed You to the End is running at White Cube, there have been London retrospectives of older female artists, including Claudette Johnson, who at 65 is shortlisted for this year’s Turner prize, and the 85-year-old American feminist Judy Chicago. This week Paula Rego had the posthumous triumph of her work replacing portraits of Queen Elizabeth I and Walter Raleigh as part of a rehang by Keir Starmer in Downing Street.
但是,艾敏对女性艺术家的不屈不挠的精神是有深刻理解的。现在,她们似乎终于迎来了属于自己的时刻。除了正在白立方举办个展 “我追随你到最后 ”的艾敏,伦敦还举办了一些年长女艺术家的回顾展,其中包括 65 岁的克劳德特-约翰逊(Claudette Johnson)和 85 岁的美国女权主义者朱迪-芝加哥(Judy Chicago)。本周,保拉-雷戈(Paula Rego)的作品取代了伊丽莎白一世女王和沃尔特-雷利的肖像,成为基尔-斯塔默(Keir Starmer)在唐宁街重新悬挂的一部分,这是她死后的胜利。
12. solo [ˈsəʊləʊ] adj. 单独的,独自的;独奏的,单人表演的;(击球时)垒上无跑垒员的;(摩托车)没有跨斗的 n. 单人表演,单飞,独自完成的事情;单人纸牌戏,惠斯特纸牌戏;惠斯特纸牌戏中为赢五圈牌的叫牌;没有跨斗的摩托车 v. 独奏,独唱;单独飞行;单人攀登 adv. 单独地,独自地;solos;soli;soloes;solos;soloing;soloed;soloed
13. cube [kjuːb] n. 立方体;立方,三次幂;小室,小房间 v. 使成立方;把(食物)切成小方块 【名】 (cube)(瑞典、德)库贝(人名);cubes;cubes;cubing;cubed;cubed
14. triumph [ˈtraɪəmf] n. 巨大成功,重大胜利;(胜利或成功的)喜悦,狂喜;(成功的)典范,楷模;古罗马凯旋式 v. 获胜,成功;(因胜利或成功而)欣喜,欢跃;(古罗马将军)凯旋而归;triumphs;triumphs;triumphing;triumphed;triumphed
15. portrait [ˈpɔːtrɪt] n. (尤指只刻画脸、头和肩部的)肖像,照片,雕像;描绘,描述;(文件的)纵向打印格式 adj. (纸张、页面、照片等)竖式的,纵向的 【名】 (portrait)(法)波特雷(人名);portraits
6参考↓■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■worked, 工作; ■including, 包括; ■Bridget, 布里奇特; ■Riley, 莱利; ■Brtescu, 布尔泰斯库; ■Georgia, 佐治亚州; ■O’Keeffe, 奥基夫; ■Louise, 路易丝; ■Bourgeois, 资产阶级的; ■created, 创建; ■monumental, 纪念碑; ■Maman, 妈妈; ■Japanese, 日本人; ■polka-dot, 圆点纹; ■queen, 女王; ■Yayoi, 弥生; ■Kusama, 草间弥生; ■exhibition, 展览;
The list of female artists who worked well into old age is long, including Bridget Riley, Geta Br?tescu and Georgia O’Keeffe. Louise Bourgeois created her monumental Maman when she was 88. Japanese polka-dot queen Yayoi Kusama held a UK exhibition last year aged 94.
包括布里奇特-莱利(Bridget Riley)、格塔-布里斯库(Geta Br?teescu)和乔治亚-奥基夫(Georgia O'Keeffe)在内,一直工作到老年的女艺术家不胜枚举。路易丝-布尔乔亚在 88 岁时创作了不朽之作《妈妈》。日本圆点女王草间弥生去年在英国举办了展览,享年 94 岁。
16. dot [dɒt] n. 点,小圆点,点状物;顿音记号;(摩尔斯电码、因特网或电子邮件地址中的)点;嫁妆 v. 加点;散布于,遍布;给音符加附点;击打 【名】 (dot)(英)多特(女子教名 dorothea 和 dorothy 的昵称),(中)多(广东话·威妥玛),(越)突(人名);dots;dots;dotting;dotted;dotted
7参考↓■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■coming, 来了; ■coming, 来了; ■Overshadowed, 阴影笼罩; ■Jackson, 杰克逊; ■Pollocks, 波洛克家族; ■Damien, 达米安; ■Hirsts, 赫斯特; ■their, 他们的; ■achieved, 实现; ■recognition, 识别;
But it is not just that female artists keep “coming and coming” as Emin put it. Overshadowed by the Jackson Pollocks and Damien Hirsts of their day, many only achieved recognition late in life.
然而,正如艾敏所说,女性艺术家 “不断涌现 ”的原因并不仅仅在于此。在杰克逊-波洛克(Jackson Pollocks)和达米恩-赫斯特(Damien Hirsts)的影响下,许多女性艺术家直到晚年才获得认可。
17. recognition [ˌrekəgˈnɪʃən] n. 承认,接受;表彰,赞誉;认出,识别;(政府对他国的)外交认可;recognitions
8参考↓■there, 那里; ■age-old, 古老; ■conflict, 冲突; ■between, 之间; ■artistic, 艺术的; ■creativity, 创造力; ■motherhood, 母性; ■Austrian, 奥地利人; ■artist, 艺术家; ■Maria, 玛丽亚; ■Lassnig, 拉斯尼格; ■would, 将; ■eaten, 吃; ■children, 儿童; ■because, 因为; ■would, 将; ■impossible, 不可能的; ■devote, 致力于; ■herself, 她自己; ■longing, 渴望; ■artistic, 艺术的; ■freedom, 自由; ■inspiration, 灵感; ■Fours, Fours; ■novel, 小说; ■Miranda, 米兰达; ■about, 关于; ■45-year-old, 45岁; ■performance, 演出; ■artist, 艺术家; ■films, 电影; ■since, 自从; ■first, 第一;
Then there is the age-old conflict between artistic creativity and motherhood. Austrian artist Maria Lassnig said she would have felt “eaten” if she had had children, because it would have been impossible to devote herself to her art. This longing for artistic freedom was the inspiration for All Fours, the hit novel by Miranda July about a 45-year-old performance artist. July, who is 50, has made films and art since her 20s, but only had a first solo show this year.
此外,艺术创作与母性之间也存在着古老的冲突。奥地利艺术家玛丽亚-拉斯尼格(Maria Lassnig)说,如果她有了孩子,她会觉得 “被吃掉了”,因为她不可能全身心地投入艺术创作。这种对艺术自由的渴望正是米兰达-朱丽叶(Miranda July)的热门小说《All Fours》的灵感来源,小说讲述了一位 45 岁的行为艺术家的故事。现年 50 岁的七月从 20 多岁起就开始拍摄电影和从事艺术创作,但她的第一部作品是《All Fours》。
12. solo [ˈsəʊləʊ] adj. 单独的,独自的;独奏的,单人表演的;(击球时)垒上无跑垒员的;(摩托车)没有跨斗的 n. 单人表演,单飞,独自完成的事情;单人纸牌戏,惠斯特纸牌戏;惠斯特纸牌戏中为赢五圈牌的叫牌;没有跨斗的摩托车 v. 独奏,独唱;单独飞行;单人攀登 adv. 单独地,独自地;solos;soli;soloes;solos;soloing;soloed;soloed
18. artistic [ɑːˈtɪstɪk] adj. 艺术的,艺术家的;有艺术鉴赏力的,有艺术天赋的;有艺术性的,精美的
19. inspiration [ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃən] n. 灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物);鼓舞人心的人(或事物);(突然想到的)好主意,妙计;吸气,吸入;inspirations
9参考↓■women, 女人; ■Whitechapel, 白教堂; ■Frieze, 弗里兹; ■alongside, 沿着; ■female, 女性的; ■gallerists, 画廊主; ■boys’, 男孩; ■opened, 开的; ■Exhibitions, 展览; ■exclusively, 唯一地; ■white, 白色; ■artists, 艺术家; ■would, 将; ■unthinkable, 不可思议; ■efforts, 努力; ■being, 存在; ■redress, 赔偿; ■other, 其他; ■balances, 余额; ■example, 例子; ■lifting, 举起; ■Turner, 特纳; ■prize, 奖; ■Lubaina, 卢巴伊纳; ■Himid, Himid; ■became, 成为; ■oldest, 最老的; ■artist, 艺术家; ■first, 第一; ■black, 黑色; ■woman, 女人;
With women at the helm at the Tate and Whitechapel, as well as at the art fair Frieze, alongside more female gallerists, the old boys’ art club has opened up. Exhibitions of exclusively white, male artists would now be unthinkable, and efforts are being made to redress other balances too – for example the lifting of the 50 age cap for the Turner prize in 2017. Lubaina Himid at 63 became the oldest artist and first black woman to win.
随着女性在泰特美术馆和白教堂美术馆以及艺术博览会弗里兹(Frieze)的掌舵,以及更多女性画廊主的加入,老男孩艺术俱乐部的大门已经打开。现在,纯粹由白人男性艺术家举办的展览已变得不可想象,人们也在努力纠正其他方面的平衡--例如,2017 年特纳奖取消了 50 岁的年龄上限。63 岁的卢拜娜-希米德(Lubaina Himid)成为最年长的获奖艺术家,也是第一位获奖的黑人女性。
10参考↓■female, 女性的; ■artists, 艺术家; ■battled, 战斗; ■convention, 惯例; ■defied, 反抗; ■rejection, 拒绝; ■century, 世纪; ■firmly, 坚决地; ■picture, 相片; ■where, 哪里; ■belong, 属于; ■women, 女人; ■going, 去;
In the past, female artists battled convention and defied rejection. In the 21st century they are firmly in the picture – where they belong. The rise of art by women is not going to peak any time soon.
过去,女性艺术家与传统作斗争,不畏排斥。在21世纪,她们坚定地站在了属于自己的舞台上。女性艺术的崛起不会很快达到顶峰。
9. peak [pɪːk] n. 巅峰,顶点;山顶;有尖峰的山;尖端,尖顶;帽檐,帽舌;极值,峰值;(艏或艉的)尖舱;斜桁外端,(帆的)后上角 v. 达到高峰,达到最大值;消瘦,衰弱,精神萎靡 adj. 巅峰状态的,最高的;高峰时期的 【名】 (peak)(英)皮克(人名);peaks;peaks;peaking;peaked;peaked
20. convention [kənˈvenʃən] n. 习俗,惯例;大会,集会;公约,协定;(文学、艺术上的)传统手法,传统风格;conventions