外刊双语比阅:研究发现,服用糖尿病药物的患者患痴呆症的可能性较小 | 金融时报

教育   2024-09-02 07:57   山东  
外刊双比阅
2024年9月2日

备考加油 一战成硕



Patients on diabetes drugs less likely 

to develop dementia, research finds

2024年8月27日










考纲单词预背

1. combat [ˈkɒmbət] n. 战斗,搏斗;争论,反对 v. 与……作斗争;防止,减轻 adj. 战斗的;为……斗争的 【名】 (comb)(法)孔巴(人名);combats;combats;combating;combatting;combated;combatted;combated;combatted

2. accord [əˈkɔːd] n. 协议,条约;符合,一致 v. 使受到,给予(某种待遇);(与……)一致,符合;accords;accords;according;accorded;accorded

3. disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə] n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱,动乱;紊乱,疾病 v. 打乱,使紊乱;disorders;disorders;disordering;disordered;disordered

4. tackle [ˈtækl] v. 应付,解决(难题或局面);与……交涉;(足球、曲棍球等比赛中)抢断;(橄榄球等比赛中)擒抱并摔倒(对方球员);擒获;对付,打(尤指罪犯);质问,责问;反对,反抗 n. (足球等中的)抢断球;(橄榄球或美式足球)擒抱摔倒;(美式足球中的)阻截队员;体育器械,(尤指)渔具;(吊起重物用的)索具,滑轮;男性性器官;tackles;tackles;tackling;tackled;tackled

5. therapy [ˈθerəpɪ] n. 治疗,疗法;心理治疗;(对身心健康)有裨益的活动;therapies

6. devise [dɪˈvaɪz] v. 设计,发明;(通过遗嘱)遗赠(不动产);图谋 n. (遗嘱中)遗赠不动产的条款 【名】 (devise)(美、法)德维兹(人名);devises;devises;devising;devised;devised

7. lower [ˈləʊə] adj. (尤指在同类中处于)较下的,下方的;在底部的,近底部的;次重要的,较低级的;(数字或数量)较小的;向南的;早期的 v. 减少,降低;把……放低,使……降下;降低,贬低(身份);变昏暗,变阴沉;露愠色 adv. 处于较低位置地,向低处下降地 【名】 (lower)(美、英)洛厄(人名);lowers;lowering;lowered;lowered

8. survey [sɜːˈveɪ] n. 民意调查,民意测验;考察,调查;(对课题或情况的)全面考察,概述;测量,勘测;测绘图,勘测记录;测量部门;(尤指为欲购房者所做的)房屋鉴定;查勘报告 v. 做民意测验,做民意调查;(尤指认真地)审视,检查;测量,勘测;(尤指为可能的买家)查勘,检视(建筑物的状况);全面评述,概述;surveys;surveys;surveying;surveyed;surveyed

9. demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt] v. 证明;示范,演示;表露;游行,示威;demonstrates;demonstrating;demonstrated;demonstrated

10. extensive [ɪksˈtensɪv] adj. 广阔的;广泛的;巨大的,大量的;(农业)粗放(经营)的

11. cognitive [ˈkɒgnɪtɪv] adj. 认识的,认知的

12. global [ˈgləʊbəl] adj. 全球的,全世界的;全面的,整体的;(计算机)全局的;球形的

13. grave [greɪv] n. 坟墓,墓穴;死亡,终结;(废旧机器等的)堆积处;(法语等语言里的)抑音符号,沉音符 adj. 严峻的,严重的;严肃的,庄重的;认真的,深切的;带钝重音符的;(用作演奏演唱指示)缓慢的,庄严的 adv. (用作演奏演唱指示)缓慢地,庄严地 v. 铭记,铭刻;刻(铭文,图像);(用烧掉附着物然后涂以沥青的方法)清理(船底),拷铲油漆(船底) 【名】 (grave)(德、英)格拉维(人名);graves;graver;graves;graving;graved;graven;graved

14. strategy [ˈstrætɪdʒɪ] n. (尤指为获得某物制定长期的)策略,行动计划;战略,战略学;strategies

15. critical [ˈkrɪtɪkəl] adj. 批判的,爱挑剔的;极其重要的,关键的;严重的,危急的;病重的,重伤的;评论性的,评论家的;临界的

16. impact [ˈɪmpækt] n. 撞击,冲击力;巨大影响,强大作用 v. 冲击,撞击;挤入,压紧;(对……)产生影响

17. tremendous [trɪˈmendəs] adj. 巨大的,极大的;极好的,精彩的;令人望而生畏的,可怕的

18. diagnose [ˈdaɪəgnəʊz] v. 诊断(病症);找出原因;diagnoses;diagnosing;diagnosed;diagnosed

19. associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] v. 联想,联系;支持,同意;交往,(尤指)混在一起 n. 同事,伙伴;副学士,准学士;副职,副手;准会员;联想 adj. 副的,准的,非正式的;联合的,有关连的;associates;associates;associating;associated;associated

20. reduction [rɪˈdʌkʃən] n. 减小,降低;减价,折扣;(照片、地图、图片等的)缩图,缩版;归纳,简化;(数学)归约,约化;染色体减半;简编曲(管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲);浓汤,浓汁;脱臼(或断骨)复位;(化学)还原,被还原;(语音)弱化;reductions

21. susceptible [səˈseptəbl] adj. 易得病的,易受影响的;(人)易受感动的,易动感情的;可能有······的,容许······的;(尤指想法或陈述)能被理解(或证明、解释)的;susceptibles

22. bias [ˈbaɪəs] n. 偏见,成见;偏好,天赋;倾向,趋势;斜纹;(统计)偏差,偏倚;偏重心球形;偏压,偏统 v. 使有偏见,使偏心;加偏压(或偏流)于 adj. 偏斜的 adv. 偏斜地 【名】 (bias)(英)拜厄斯,(法、德、葡、喀)比亚斯(人名);biases;biases;biasses;biasing;biassing;biased;biassed;biased;biassed

23. estimate [ˈestɪmeɪt] v. 估计;判断,评价 n. 估计,估价;估价单;看法,判断;estimates;estimates;estimating;estimated;estimated

24. generate [ˈdʒenəˌreɪt] v. 产生,引起;generates;generating;generated;generated

25. excitement [ɪkˈsaɪtmənt] n. 令人激动(或兴奋)的事,刺激因素;激动,兴奋;性兴奋;excitements

26. predecessor [ˈprɪːdɪsesə] n. 前任,前辈;(被取代的)原有事物,前身;predecessors

27. effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj. 产生预期结果的,有效的;实际的,事实上的;(法律、规则等)生效的,起作用的;给人深刻印象的 n. 实际可作战的士兵;effectives

28. option [ˈɒpʃən] n. 可选择的事物;选择,选择权;(将来的)买卖选择权利,期权;(计算机程序中的)选项;选修课;(购买新设备,尤其是汽车时提供的)附件,配件 v. 买卖(某物的)期权;options;options;optioning;optioned;optioned

29. charity [ˈtʃærɪtɪ] n. 慈善组织,慈善机构;慈善事业;仁慈,宽厚;赈济,施舍;charities

30. significant [sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt] adj. 显著的,相当数量的;重要的,意义重大的;别有含义的,意味深长的 n. 象征,有意义的事物



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考研摸拟练习
Patients on diabetes drugs less likely to develop dementia, research finds
Patients who took certain drugs to combat type 2 diabetes proved less likely to develop dementia, according to research that suggests brain disorders could be tackled with therapies devised for other uses. 
The study of more than 200,000 people found that rates of Alzheimer’s disease for those who took inhibitors for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2), to lower their blood sugar, were more than a third lower than for those on another anti-diabetes medication. 
While the observational survey conducted in South Korea does not demonstrate a causal link between SGLT-2 inhibitors and prevention of dementia, more extensive trials of some diabetes drugs such as Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic for similar uses are already under way.
The Danish pharmaceutical company is also looking at the potential for its blockbuster weight-loss drugs, such as Wegovy, to slow cognitive decline among Alzheimer’s sufferers. This reflects an increasing global focus on dementia as life expectancies have risen.
“Dementia is incurable with a grave prognosis — thus, a preventive strategy is critical,” said Eun Ha Kang, co-author of the latest study and a researcher at Seoul National University.
“Therefore, if a common, glucose-lowering agent can reduce the risk of dementia, then the impact would be tremendous from a public health point of view.” 
The paper, published in the BMJ on Wednesday, analysed information from the Korea National Health Insurance Service database. It compared 110,885 pairs of adult type 2 diabetes sufferers who started taking either SGLT-2 inhibitors or another class of drug known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors between 2013 and 2021. 
The researchers then looked at new diagnoses of dementia in 1,172 patients during a 670-day follow-up period. They found a 35 per cent reduced dementia risk associated with SGLT-2 drugs compared with DPP-4 inhibitors, including a 39 per cent reduction for Alzheimer’s and 52 per cent for vascular dementia. 
Kang acknowledged that observational studies examining dementia were “susceptible to many biases”, such as potential delays in diagnosis of the condition. But she said the study set a “good cornerstone” on which clinical trials could build. 
A separate analysis published last month similarly suggested SGLT-2 inhibitors could cut the risk of developing dementia, which is estimated to affect more than 50mn people worldwide. 
How a new class of so-called GLP-1 diabetes and weight-loss drugs can be used to treat Alzheimer’s, the most common form of dementia, has also generated excitement.
Novo Nordisk is testing Ozempic on 1,840 patients with early-stage Alzheimer’s. This is part of a series of trials studying the medicine’s effect on other ailments such as alcohol use disorder and Parkinson’s disease. The first results are expected next year. 
A study on 204 UK patients looking at the effects on Alzheimer’s of Liraglutide, Novo Nordisk’s predecessor to Ozempic, found that it slowed cognitive decline over the course of a year, compared with the placebo group. 
A commentary written by Taiwan-based researchers published in the BMJ alongside the latest study said: “As no cure currently exists for dementia and few effective treatment options are available, strategies that can potentially prevent onset are critically important.”
The rejection last week by the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence of the Alzheimer’s drug lecanemab on cost-benefit grounds shows the urgent need for new treatments, said Jacqui Hanley, head of research at the charity Alzheimer’s Research UK. Redeploying existing medicines would offer significant advantages, she said.
“Since these drugs have already been shown to be safe for use in people, this could potentially speed up the process of testing them in clinical trials against dementia, as well as making it significantly cheaper,” she said.



外刊双语剪 考研阅读精选 ↓↓
◇◇◇







开始比阅

0参考↓■Patients, 患者; ■diabetes, 糖尿病; ■drugs, 药物; ■likely, 可能的; ■develop, 发展; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■research, 研究; ■finds, 发现;

Patients on diabetes drugs less likely to develop dementia, research finds

▲参考单词↑↓翻译&考纲单词▼

研究发现,服用糖尿病药物的患者患痴呆症的可能性较小

1参考↓■Patients, 患者; ■certain, 某些; ■drugs, 药物; ■combat, 战斗; ■diabetes, 糖尿病; ■proved, 证明; ■likely, 可能的; ■develop, 发展; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■according, 根据; ■research, 研究; ■suggests, 建议; ■brain, 脑; ■disorders, 混乱; ■could, 能够; ■tackled, 解决; ■therapies, 治疗方法; ■devised, 设计; ■other, 其他;

Patients who took certain drugs to combat type 2 diabetes proved less likely to develop dementia, according to research that suggests brain disorders could be tackled with therapies devised for other uses.

研究表明,服用某些药物治疗2型糖尿病的患者患痴呆症的可能性较低,这表明这种大脑疾病可以通过其他用途的疗法来解决。

1. combat [ˈkɒmbət] n. 战斗,搏斗;争论,反对 v. 与……作斗争;防止,减轻 adj. 战斗的;为……斗争的 【名】 (comb)(法)孔巴(人名);combats;combats;combating;combatting;combated;combatted;combated;combatted

2. accord [əˈkɔːd] n. 协议,条约;符合,一致 v. 使受到,给予(某种待遇);(与……)一致,符合;accords;accords;according;accorded;accorded

3. disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə] n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱,动乱;紊乱,疾病 v. 打乱,使紊乱;disorders;disorders;disordering;disordered;disordered

4. tackle [ˈtækl] v. 应付,解决(难题或局面);与……交涉;(足球、曲棍球等比赛中)抢断;(橄榄球等比赛中)擒抱并摔倒(对方球员);擒获;对付,打(尤指罪犯);质问,责问;反对,反抗 n. (足球等中的)抢断球;(橄榄球或美式足球)擒抱摔倒;(美式足球中的)阻截队员;体育器械,(尤指)渔具;(吊起重物用的)索具,滑轮;男性性器官;tackles;tackles;tackling;tackled;tackled

6. devise [dɪˈvaɪz] v. 设计,发明;(通过遗嘱)遗赠(不动产);图谋 n. (遗嘱中)遗赠不动产的条款 【名】 (devise)(美、法)德维兹(人名);devises;devises;devising;devised;devised

2参考↓■study, 学习; ■people, 人; ■found, 建立; ■rates, 费率; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■disease, 病; ■those, 那些; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■sodium-glucose, 葡萄糖钠; ■cotransporter-2, 协同运输器-2; ■SGLT-2, SGLT-2; ■lower, 降低; ■their, 他们的; ■blood, 血; ■sugar, 糖; ■third, 第三的; ■lower, 降低; ■those, 那些; ■another, 另一个; ■anti-diabetes, 抗糖尿病; ■medication, 药物治疗;

The study of more than 200,000 people found that rates of Alzheimer’s disease for those who took inhibitors for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2), to lower their blood sugar, were more than a third lower than for those on another anti-diabetes medication.

这项对20多万人进行的研究发现,服用钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2 (SGLT-2)抑制剂降低血糖的人患阿尔茨海默病的几率比服用另一种抗糖尿病药物的人低三分之一以上。

7. lower [ˈləʊə] adj. (尤指在同类中处于)较下的,下方的;在底部的,近底部的;次重要的,较低级的;(数字或数量)较小的;向南的;早期的 v. 减少,降低;把……放低,使……降下;降低,贬低(身份);变昏暗,变阴沉;露愠色 adv. 处于较低位置地,向低处下降地 【名】 (lower)(美、英)洛厄(人名);lowers;lowering;lowered;lowered

3参考↓■While, 虽然; ■observational, 观察性; ■survey, 调查; ■conducted, 进行; ■South, 南方; ■Korea, 韩国; ■demonstrate, 证明; ■causal, 因果关系的; ■between, 之间; ■SGLT-2, SGLT-2; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■prevention, 预防; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■extensive, 广泛的; ■trials, 审判; ■diabetes, 糖尿病; ■drugs, 药物; ■Nordisk’s, 北欧公司; ■Ozempic, Ozempic; ■similar, 类似的; ■already, 已经; ■under, 在下面;

While the observational survey conducted in South Korea does not demonstrate a causal link between SGLT-2 inhibitors and prevention of dementia, more extensive trials of some diabetes drugs such as Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic for similar uses are already under way.

虽然在韩国进行的观察性调查并未证明SGLT-2抑制剂与预防痴呆症之间存在因果关系,但针对诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk)的Ozempic等一些糖尿病药物的类似用途的更广泛试验已经在进行中。

8. survey [sɜːˈveɪ] n. 民意调查,民意测验;考察,调查;(对课题或情况的)全面考察,概述;测量,勘测;测绘图,勘测记录;测量部门; (尤指为欲购房者所做的)房屋鉴定;查勘报告 v. 做民意测验,做民意调查;(尤指认真地)审视,检查;测量,勘测; (尤指为可能的买家)查勘,检视(建筑物的状况);全面评述,概述;surveys;surveys;surveying;surveyed;surveyed

9. demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt] v. 证明;示范,演示;表露;游行,示威;demonstrates;demonstrating;demonstrated;demonstrated

10. extensive [ɪksˈtensɪv] adj. 广阔的;广泛的;巨大的,大量的;(农业)粗放(经营)的

4参考↓■Danish, 丹麦语; ■pharmaceutical, 制药的; ■company, 公司; ■looking, 看; ■potential, 潜在的; ■blockbuster, 大轰动; ■weight-loss, 减肥; ■drugs, 药物; ■Wegovy, 韦戈维; ■cognitive, 认知; ■decline, 下降; ■among, 在…之间; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■sufferers, 患者; ■reflects, 反映; ■increasing, 增加的; ■global, 全球的; ■focus, 集中; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■expectancies, 期望值; ■risen, 上升的;

The Danish pharmaceutical company is also looking at the potential for its blockbuster weight-loss drugs, such as Wegovy, to slow cognitive decline among Alzheimer’s sufferers. This reflects an increasing global focus on dementia as life expectancies have risen.

这家丹麦制药公司还在研究其畅销减肥药物(如Wegovy)在阻止阿尔茨海默病患者认知能力下降方面的潜力。这反映出随着预期寿命的增加,全球对痴呆症的关注度越来越高。

11. cognitive [ˈkɒgnɪtɪv] adj. 认识的,认知的

12. global [ˈgləʊbəl] adj. 全球的,全世界的;全面的,整体的;(计算机)全局的;球形的

5参考↓■Dementia, 痴呆; ■incurable, 无法治愈; ■grave, 坟墓; ■prognosis, 预后; ■preventive, 预防性; ■strategy, 策略; ■critical, 批评的; ■co-author, 合著者; ■latest, 最新的; ■study, 学习; ■researcher, 研究员; ■Seoul, 首尔; ■National, 国家; ■University, 大学;

“Dementia is incurable with a grave prognosis — thus, a preventive strategy is critical,” said Eun Ha Kang, co-author of the latest study and a researcher at Seoul National University.

这项最新研究的合著者、首尔大学(Seoul National University)研究员Eun Ha Kang说:“痴呆症无法治愈,且病情严重,因此,预防策略至关重要。”

13. grave [greɪv] n. 坟墓,墓穴;死亡,终结;(废旧机器等的)堆积处;(法语等语言里的)抑音符号,沉音符 adj. 严峻的,严重的;严肃的,庄重的;认真的,深切的;带钝重音符的;(用作演奏演唱指示)缓慢的,庄严的 adv. (用作演奏演唱指示)缓慢地,庄严地 v. 铭记,铭刻;刻(铭文,图像);(用烧掉附着物然后涂以沥青的方法)清理(船底),拷铲油漆(船底) 【名】 (grave)(德、英)格拉维(人名);graves;graver;graves;graving;graved;graven;graved

14. strategy [ˈstrætɪdʒɪ] n. (尤指为获得某物制定长期的)策略,行动计划;战略,战略学;strategies

15. critical [ˈkrɪtɪkəl] adj. 批判的,爱挑剔的;极其重要的,关键的;严重的,危急的;病重的,重伤的;评论性的,评论家的;临界的

6参考↓■Therefore, 因此; ■common, 常见的; ■glucose-lowering, 葡萄糖降低; ■agent, 代理人; ■reduce, 减少; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■impact, 影响; ■would, 将; ■tremendous, 巨大的; ■public, 公众的; ■health, 健康; ■point, 指向;

“Therefore, if a common, glucose-lowering agent can reduce the risk of dementia, then the impact would be tremendous from a public health point of view.”

“因此,如果一种常见的降糖药物能够降低痴呆症的风险,那么从公共卫生的角度来看,其影响将是巨大的。”

7. lower [ˈləʊə] adj. (尤指在同类中处于)较下的,下方的;在底部的,近底部的;次重要的,较低级的;(数字或数量)较小的;向南的;早期的 v. 减少,降低;把……放低,使……降下;降低,贬低(身份);变昏暗,变阴沉;露愠色 adv. 处于较低位置地,向低处下降地 【名】 (lower)(美、英)洛厄(人名);lowers;lowering;lowered;lowered

16. impact [ˈɪmpækt] n. 撞击,冲击力;巨大影响,强大作用 v. 冲击,撞击;挤入,压紧;(对……)产生影响

17. tremendous [trɪˈmendəs] adj. 巨大的,极大的;极好的,精彩的;令人望而生畏的,可怕的

7参考↓■paper, 纸张; ■published, 出版; ■Wednesday, 星期三; ■analysed, 分析; ■information, 信息; ■Korea, 韩国; ■National, 国家; ■Health, 健康; ■Insurance, 保险; ■Service, 售后服务; ■database, 数据库; ■compared, 相比; ■pairs, 对; ■adult, 成人; ■diabetes, 糖尿病; ■sufferers, 患者; ■started, 起动; ■taking, 拿; ■either, 任何一个; ■SGLT-2, SGLT-2; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■another, 另一个; ■class, 班; ■known, 已知; ■dipeptidyl, 二肽基; ■peptidase-4, 肽酶-4; ■DPP-4, DPP-4; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■between, 之间;

The paper, published in the BMJ on Wednesday, analysed information from the Korea National Health Insurance Service database. It compared 110,885 pairs of adult type 2 diabetes sufferers who started taking either SGLT-2 inhibitors or another class of drug known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors between 2013 and 2021.

这篇论文周三发表在《英国医学杂志》(BMJ),分析了韩国国民健康保险服务(Korea National Health Insurance Service)数据库中的信息。它对2013年至2021年间开始服用SGLT-2抑制剂或另一类称为二肽基肽酶4(DPP-4)抑制剂的110885对成年2型糖尿病患者进行了比较。


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8参考↓■researchers, 研究人员; ■looked, 看; ■diagnoses, 诊断; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■patients, 患者; ■during, 在期间; ■670-day, 670天; ■follow-up, 随访; ■period, 期间; ■found, 建立; ■reduced, 减少; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■associated, 相关; ■SGLT-2, SGLT-2; ■drugs, 药物; ■compared, 相比; ■DPP-4, DPP-4; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■including, 包括; ■reduction, 减少; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■vascular, 血管; ■dementia, 痴呆;

The researchers then looked at new diagnoses of dementia in 1,172 patients during a 670-day follow-up period. They found a 35 per cent reduced dementia risk associated with SGLT-2 drugs compared with DPP-4 inhibitors, including a 39 per cent reduction for Alzheimer’s and 52 per cent for vascular dementia.

然后,研究人员对在670天的随访期内诊断出痴呆症的1172名患者进行了研究。他们发现,与DPP-4抑制剂相比,服用SGLT-2将痴呆风险降低了35%,其中阿尔茨海默氏症降低了39%,血管性痴呆降低了52%。

18. diagnose [ˈdaɪəgnəʊz] v. 诊断(病症);找出原因;diagnoses;diagnosing;diagnosed;diagnosed

19. associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] v. 联想,联系;支持,同意;交往,(尤指)混在一起 n. 同事,伙伴;副学士,准学士;副职,副手;准会员;联想 adj. 副的,准的,非正式的;联合的,有关连的;associates;associates;associating;associated;associated

20. reduction [rɪˈdʌkʃən] n. 减小,降低;减价,折扣;(照片、地图、图片等的)缩图,缩版;归纳,简化;(数学)归约,约化;染色体减半;简编曲(管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲);浓汤,浓汁;脱臼(或断骨)复位;(化学)还原,被还原;(语音)弱化;reductions

9参考↓■acknowledged, 承认; ■observational, 观察性; ■studies, 研究; ■examining, 检查; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■susceptible, 易感; ■biases, 偏见; ■potential, 潜在的; ■delays, 延误; ■diagnosis, 诊断; ■condition, 条件; ■study, 学习; ■cornerstone, 基石; ■which, 哪一个; ■clinical, 临床; ■trials, 审判; ■could, 能够; ■build, 建造;

Kang acknowledged that observational studies examining dementia were “susceptible to many biases”, such as potential delays in diagnosis of the condition. But she said the study set a “good cornerstone” on which clinical trials could build.

Eun Ha Kang承认,对痴呆症进行的观察性研究“容易受到许多偏见的影响”,例如可能存在诊断延迟的情况。但她说,这项研究为临床试验奠定了“良好的基石”。

21. susceptible [səˈseptəbl] adj. 易得病的,易受影响的;(人)易受感动的,易动感情的;可能有······的,容许······的;(尤指想法或陈述)能被理解(或证明、解释)的;susceptibles

22. bias [ˈbaɪəs] n. 偏见,成见;偏好,天赋;倾向,趋势;斜纹;(统计)偏差,偏倚;偏重心球形;偏压,偏统 v. 使有偏见,使偏心;加偏压(或偏流)于 adj. 偏斜的 adv. 偏斜地 【名】 (bias)(英)拜厄斯,(法、德、葡、喀)比亚斯(人名);biases;biases;biasses;biasing;biassing;biased;biassed;biased;biassed

10参考↓■separate, 分离; ■analysis, 分析; ■published, 出版; ■month, 月; ■similarly, 同样地; ■suggested, 建议; ■SGLT-2, SGLT-2; ■inhibitors, 抑制剂; ■could, 能够; ■developing, 发展; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■which, 哪一个; ■estimated, 估计; ■affect, 影响; ■people, 人; ■worldwide, 全球范围;

A separate analysis published last month similarly suggested SGLT-2 inhibitors could cut the risk of developing dementia, which is estimated to affect more than 50mn people worldwide.

上个月发表的另一项分析同样表明,SGLT-2抑制剂可以降低患痴呆症的风险。据估计,全球有逾5000万人患有痴呆症。

23. estimate [ˈestɪmeɪt] v. 估计;判断,评价 n. 估计,估价;估价单;看法,判断;estimates;estimates;estimating;estimated;estimated

11参考↓■class, 班; ■so-called, 所谓的; ■GLP-1, GLP-1; ■diabetes, 糖尿病; ■weight-loss, 减肥; ■drugs, 药物; ■treat, 对待; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■common, 常见的; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■generated, 生成; ■excitement, 兴奋;

How a new class of so-called GLP-1 diabetes and weight-loss drugs can be used to treat Alzheimer’s, the most common form of dementia, has also generated excitement.

一种被称为GLP-1的新型糖尿病和减肥药物如何用于治疗阿尔茨海默病(最常见的痴呆症)也引起了人们的兴奋。

24. generate [ˈdʒenəˌreɪt] v. 产生,引起;generates;generating;generated;generated

25. excitement [ɪkˈsaɪtmənt] n. 令人激动(或兴奋)的事,刺激因素;激动,兴奋;性兴奋;excitements

12参考↓■Nordisk, 诺德; ■testing, 测试; ■Ozempic, Ozempic; ■patients, 患者; ■early-stage, 早期; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■series, 系列; ■trials, 审判; ■studying, 研究; ■medicine’s, 医学; ■effect, 影响; ■other, 其他; ■ailments, 疾病; ■alcohol, 酒精; ■disorder, 混乱; ■Parkinson’s, 帕金森氏症; ■disease, 病; ■first, 第一; ■results, 结果; ■expected, 预期;

Novo Nordisk is testing Ozempic on 1,840 patients with early-stage Alzheimer’s. This is part of a series of trials studying the medicine’s effect on other ailments such as alcohol use disorder and Parkinson’s disease. The first results are expected next year.

诺和诺德正在对1840名阿尔茨海默病早期患者进行Ozempic试验。这是研究该药物对酒精使用障碍和帕金森病等其他疾病疗效的一系列试验的一部分。首批试验结果预计将于明年公布。

3. disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə] n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱,动乱;紊乱,疾病 v. 打乱,使紊乱;disorders;disorders;disordering;disordered;disordered

13参考↓■study, 学习; ■patients, 患者; ■looking, 看; ■effects, 影响; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■Liraglutide, 利拉鲁肽; ■Nordisk’s, 北欧公司; ■predecessor, 前任; ■Ozempic, Ozempic; ■found, 建立; ■slowed, 减速; ■cognitive, 认知; ■decline, 下降; ■course, 课程; ■compared, 相比; ■placebo, 安慰剂; ■group, 组;

A study on 204 UK patients looking at the effects on Alzheimer’s of Liraglutide, Novo Nordisk’s predecessor to Ozempic, found that it slowed cognitive decline over the course of a year, compared with the placebo group.

一项针对204名英国患者的研究,研究了诺和诺德Ozempic的前身利拉鲁肽(Liraglutide)对阿尔茨海默氏症的影响,发现与安慰剂组相比,它在一年内减缓了认知能力的下降。

11. cognitive [ˈkɒgnɪtɪv] adj. 认识的,认知的

26. predecessor [ˈprɪːdɪsesə] n. 前任,前辈;(被取代的)原有事物,前身;predecessors

14参考↓■commentary, 评论; ■written, 书面的; ■Taiwan-based, 以台湾为基地; ■researchers, 研究人员; ■published, 出版; ■alongside, 沿着; ■latest, 最新的; ■study, 学习; ■currently, 目前; ■exists, 存在; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■effective, 有效的; ■treatment, 治疗; ■options, 选项; ■available, 可获得的; ■strategies, 策略; ■potentially, 可能; ■prevent, 防止; ■onset, 攻击; ■critically, 批判性; ■important, 重要的;

A commentary written by Taiwan-based researchers published in the BMJ alongside the latest study said: “As no cure currently exists for dementia and few effective treatment options are available, strategies that can potentially prevent onset are critically important.”

《英国医学杂志》在刊登这项最新研究的同时,还刊登了台湾研究人员撰写的一篇评论文章:“由于目前还没有治愈痴呆症的方法,而且有效的治疗方案也不多,因此潜在预防策略至关重要。”

15. critical [ˈkrɪtɪkəl] adj. 批判的,爱挑剔的;极其重要的,关键的;严重的,危急的;病重的,重伤的;评论性的,评论家的;临界的

27. effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj. 产生预期结果的,有效的;实际的,事实上的;(法律、规则等)生效的,起作用的;给人深刻印象的 n. 实际可作战的士兵;effectives

28. option [ˈɒpʃən] n. 可选择的事物;选择,选择权;(将来的)买卖选择权利,期权;(计算机程序中的)选项;选修课;(购买新设备,尤其是汽车时提供的)附件,配件 v. 买卖(某物的)期权;options;options;optioning;optioned;optioned

15参考↓■rejection, 拒绝; ■National, 国家; ■Institute, 研究所; ■Health, 健康; ■Excellence, 卓越; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■lecanemab, lecanemab; ■cost-benefit, 成本效益; ■grounds, 场地; ■shows, 显示; ■urgent, 紧急的; ■treatments, 治疗; ■Jacqui, 雅基; ■Hanley, 汉利; ■research, 研究; ■charity, 慈善; ■Alzheimer’s, 阿尔茨海默氏症; ■Research, 研究; ■Redeploying, 重新部署; ■existing, 现有的; ■medicines, 药品; ■would, 将; ■offer, 提供; ■significant, 重要的; ■advantages, 优势;

The rejection last week by the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence of the Alzheimer’s drug lecanemab on cost-benefit grounds shows the urgent need for new treatments, said Jacqui Hanley, head of research at the charity Alzheimer’s Research UK. Redeploying existing medicines would offer significant advantages, she said.

慈善机构英国阿尔茨海默氏症研究中心(Alzheimer's Research UK)的研究负责人杰奎?汉利(Jacqui Hanley)表示,英国国家健康与护理卓越研究所(National Institute for Health and Care Excellence)上周以成本效益为由否决了阿尔茨海默氏症药物仑卡奈单抗(lecanemab),这表明迫切需要新的治疗方法。她表示,重新利用现有药物将带来巨大优势。

29. charity [ˈtʃærɪtɪ] n. 慈善组织,慈善机构;慈善事业;仁慈,宽厚;赈济,施舍;charities

30. significant [sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt] adj. 显著的,相当数量的;重要的,意义重大的; 别有含义的,意味深长的 n. 象征,有意义的事物

16参考↓■Since, 自从; ■these, 这些; ■drugs, 药物; ■already, 已经; ■shown, 展示; ■people, 人; ■could, 能够; ■potentially, 可能; ■speed, 速度; ■process, 过程; ■testing, 测试; ■clinical, 临床; ■trials, 审判; ■against, 反对; ■dementia, 痴呆; ■making, 制作; ■significantly, 明显地; ■cheaper, 更便宜的;

“Since these drugs have already been shown to be safe for use in people, this could potentially speed up the process of testing them in clinical trials against dementia, as well as making it significantly cheaper,” she said.

她说:“由于这些药物已经被证明可以安全地用于人体,这有可能加快将它们用于痴呆症临床试验的进程,而且成本也会大大降低。”

30. significant [sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt] adj. 显著的,相当数量的;重要的,意义重大的; 别有含义的,意味深长的 n. 象征,有意义的事物










单词/模拟练习

学习cornerstone的用法。这个词做名词,表示something that is extremely important because everything else depends on it,基础;柱石,例:The magazine became the cornerstone of McFadden’s publishing empire. 这本杂志成了麦克法登出版帝国的支柱。


While the observational survey conducted in South Korea does not demonstrate a causal link between SGLT-2 inhibitors and prevention of dementia, more extensive trials of some diabetes drugs such as Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic for similar uses are already under way.

主句是主系表结构(more extensive trials re already under way)。of some diabetes drugs是介宾短语作定语,such as Novo Nordisk’s Ozempic for similar uses是固定搭配作举例状语。while引导让步状语从句。conducted in South Korea是过去分词做后置定语。between SGLT-2 inhibitors and prevention of dementia是介宾短语做定语

虽然在韩国进行的观察性调查并未证明SGLT-2抑制剂与预防痴呆症之间存在因果关系,但针对诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk)的Ozempic等一些糖尿病药物的类似用途的更广泛试验已经在进行中。














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