上期答案
But a step in the right direction would be to phase out structures based on chronological age.
但朝着正确方向迈出的一步是逐步淘汰基于年龄的结构。
本期内容
早上好，读者朋友们，今天分享的文章节选自《卫报》。在这个日新月异的数字时代，《卫报》以独到的视角，深刻剖析了职场新趋势——连接性劳动，并提出了一个振聋发聩的观点：“感受是工作的一部分”。这不仅颠覆了我们对传统工作模式的认知，更揭示了未来职场中不可或缺的人性化维度与情感价值。从视频会议的微妙表情交流，到项目协作中的情感共鸣；从团队文化的情感认同，到远程工作中对归属感的渴望。它告诉我们，在追求高效与产出的同时，关注员工的情绪健康、促进情感交流，已成为企业可持续发展的关键。
The Guardian view on connective labour:
feelings are part of the job description
《卫报》对连接性劳动的看法：感受是工作的一部分
1
In 2019, the Dutch supermarket company Jumbo began reserving some of its checkout lanes for those who wanted to stop and chat with the cashier on their way out. The move was a response to widespread loneliness, with the store’s chief commercial officer explaining that “it’s a small gesture but it’s a valuable one, particularly in a world that is becoming more digital and faster”. In a new book, the Last Human Job, the sociologist Allison Pugh writes of the consequences of a world that is accelerating away from, among other things, the time when “grocers knew their clients intimately; clerks kept close track of shoppers’ desires, their habits, and their families, soliciting views and peddling influence”.
gesture /ˈdʒestʃər/n.姿势，手势
clerk /klɜːrk/n. 办事员，职员
peddle /ˈped(ə)l/v.兜售；巡回销售
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2019年，荷兰超市公司Jumbo开始为那些在离开时停下来和收银员聊天的人预留一些结账通道。此举是对普遍存在的孤独感的回应，该店的首席商务官解释说:“这是一个小小的举动，但很有价值，尤其是在一个越来越数字化、越来越快的世界里。”社会学家艾莉森·皮尤(Allison Pugh)在新书《人类的最后一份工作》(the Last Human Job)中写道，一个世界正在加速远离“杂货商密切了解客户;店员们密切跟踪购物者的欲望、习惯和家庭，征求意见并兜售影响力。”
The emphasis on speed, efficiency and profit has hollowed out work as a site of everyday, local human-to-human relationships. Prof Pugh suggests that others will have to follow. She argues that current trends, which are most pronounced in the US, will be bad for society, not least because advanced nations are moving from being “thinking economies” to “feeling economies”, where an increasing number of jobs – from therapists and carers to teachers and consultants – are relational in nature. The academic describes as “connective labour” the jobs that rely on emotional understanding for their success. Underlying this work is “second-person neuroscience” that looks not at the knowledge inside individuals but at what exists between them.
hollow out 挖空
connective labour 连接性劳动，一种强调连接、协作和互动的劳动方式
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对速度、效率和利润的强调，使得工作不再是日常的、地方性的人际关系场所。普格教授建议其他人也必须效仿。她认为，目前的趋势(在美国最为明显)将对社会有害，尤其是因为发达国家正从“思考型经济体”转向“情感型经济体”，在这种经济体中，越来越多的工作——从治疗师和护理人员到教师和咨询师——本质上是关系型的。这位学者将那些依赖情感理解来获得成功的工作描述为“连接性劳动”。这项工作的基础是“第二人称神经科学”，它研究的不是个体内部的知识，而是个体之间存在的关系。
Two tendencies threaten this form of employment. One is the attempt to automate this form of interpersonal and frequently idiosyncratic work. The second is the attempt to systematise it. These have come together with artificial intelligence. Prof Pugh says that when the ChatGPT bot was released in 2022, within a few weeks a US app had used it to offer “mental health support to about 4,000 people”, by using AI to compose replies to people’s requests for help. As she points out: “It’s a fallacy to think these jobs are somehow safe from the data analytics revolution or impervious to what has been called the AI spring.”
impervious /ɪmˈpɜːrviəs/adj. 不受影响的
fallacy /ˈfæləsi/n. 谬论，谬见
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两种趋势威胁着这种就业形式。其中之一是试图将这种人际关系和往往特殊的工作形式自动化。第二是试图将其系统化。这些都与人工智能结合在一起。普格教授指出，当ChatGPT机器人于2022年发布时，在几周内，一款美国应用就利用它为“约4000人提供了心理健康支持”，即利用人工智能来回复人们的求助请求。正如她所指出的那样:“认为这些工作在某种程度上不会受到数据分析革命的影响，或者不受所谓的人工智能春天的影响是一种谬论。”
For her book, the sociologist immersed herself in the world of professional feelers – therapists, doctors, chaplains, hairdressers – with years of practice in seeing the other. Interviewing 100 subjects in depth, Prof Pugh concludes that the power of connective labour is its capacity to create belonging across differences and to forge a social intimacy. In a striking example of how society’s needs do not align with commercial objectives, she points to a successful medical centre that replaced patients’ 15-minute slots with ones of two hours. This was because, the health centre said, 5% of patients cause 50% of healthcare spending. To get this group healthier – and reduce costs – required them to “start with a connection”, the doctors said. Once established and maintained, not only did outcomes improve but there was also no burnout reported among medical staff.
forge /fɔːrdʒ/v.形成；艰苦干成
align with 达成一致
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在她的书中，这位社会学家沉浸在职业触角的世界中——治疗师、医生、牧师、理发师——用多年的实践来观察他人。通过深入采访 100 名受试者，普格教授得出结论，连接性劳动的力量在于它能够跨越差异创造归属感并建立社会亲密关系。她举了一个引人注目的例子，说明了社会需求与商业目标并不一致。她指出，一家成功的医疗中心将患者的 15 分钟时段替换为 2 小时时段。这是因为，该医疗中心表示，这是因为5%的病人花费了50%的医疗费用。医生们表示，要让这个群体更健康——并降低成本——他们就需要“从建立联系开始”。一旦建立并维持这种联系，不仅结果得到改善，而且医务人员也没有出现倦怠的情况。
The thinning out of connective labour by scripting, by increasing precarity and by automation needs reversing. Covid laid bare the frailty of the social contract and for a moment, the common sense was that radical reforms were needed to create a society that would work for all. Prof Pugh goes one step further by calling for a “collective system dedicated to protecting the social well-being of a population … We need to fight for and enable what we might call our social health.” It’s hard to disagree.
precarity /prɪˈkɛːrɪti/n. 不稳定
frailty n.虚弱；弱点
lay sth bare 暴露
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需要扭转因脚本化、日益不稳定和自动化而导致的连接劳动力减少的现象。新冠疫情暴露了社会契约的脆弱性，一时间，人们的普遍认识是需要进行彻底的改革，才能创建一个为所有人服务的社会。普格教授更进一步呼吁建立一个“致力于保护民众社会福祉的集体体系……我们需要为所谓的社会健康而奋斗并实现它。”这一观点很难不同意。
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外刊阅读 | 时代周刊 | AI重塑人际关系，未来人类关系何去何从？
Journal：theguardian(21 Aug 2024)
Title：The Guardian view on connective labour: feelings are part of the job description
Category：Society
END
写作句式积累
it’s a small gesture but it’s a valuable one.
这是一个小小的举动，但却很有价值。
长难句解析
She argues that /current trends, which are most pronounced in the US, will be bad for society, not least because advanced nations are moving from being “thinking economies” to “feeling economies”, where an increasing number of jobs – from therapists and carers to teachers and consultants – are relational in nature.
主句是：“She argues that current trends will be bad for society...”。定语从句：“which are most pronounced in the US”，修饰“current trends”。not least because... 原因状语从句,解释为什么“current trends”对社会不好。where an increasing number of jobs are relational in nature. 这个定语从句描述了“feeling economies”的一个特征，即越来越多的工作在本质上是有联系性的。
翻译：她认为，目前的趋势(在美国最为明显)将对社会有害，尤其是因为发达国家正从“思考型经济体”转向“感觉型经济体”，在这种经济体中，越来越多的工作——从治疗师和护理人员到教师和咨询师——本质上都是关系型的。
翻译练习
Jumbo’s approach was a Dutch collective finger in the dyke.
翻译练习，欢迎大家文末留言打卡，下期推送文章公布答案哟，一起阅外刊学英语吧！
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