外刊阅读 | Nature | 少吃可以长寿？

The death of Yahya Sinwar, the leader of Hamas, is the heaviest blow the Islamic militant group has endured in a year of war. Will it break the stalemate over a cease-fire and the release of Israeli hostages, or stiffen the organization’s determination not to give an inch under pressure?

哈马斯领导人叶海亚·辛瓦尔的死亡，是伊斯兰激进组织在一年的战争中遭受的最沉重打击。它会打破停火和释放以色列人质的僵局，还是会坚定该组织在压力下寸步不让的决心？

Eating less can lead to a longer life: massive study in mice shows why

少吃可以长寿：大量小鼠研究表明原因

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Cutting calorie intake can lead to a leaner body — and a longer life , an effect often chalked up to the weight loss and metabolic changes caused by consuming less food . Now, one of the biggest studies of dietary restrictions ever conducted in laboratory animals challenges the conventional wisdom about how dietary restriction boosts longevity.

The study, involving nearly 1,000 mice fed low-calorie diets or subjected to regular bouts of fasting , found that such regimens do indeed cause weight loss and related metabolic changes. But other factors — including immune health , genetics and physiological indicators of resilience — seem to better explain the link between cutting calories and increased lifespan.

Scientists have long known that caloric restriction, a regimen of long-term limits on food intake, lengthens lifespan in laboratory animals . Some studies have shown that intermittent fasting, which involves short bouts of food deprivation , can also increase longevity.To learn more about how such diets work, the researchers monitored the health and longevity of 960 mice, each a genetically distinct individual drawn from a diverse population that mirrors the genetic variability found in humans. Some mice were placed on calorie-limited diets, another group followed intermittent fasting regimens, and others were allowed to eat freely.

Cutting calories by 40% yielded the longest longevity bump, but intermittent fasting and less severe calorie restriction also increased average lifespan. The dieting mice also displayed favourable metabolic changes, such as reductions in body fat and blood sugar levels.However, the effects of dietary restriction on metabolism and lifespan didn’t always change in lockstep. To the authors’ surprise, the mice that lost the most weight on a calorie-limited diet tended to die younger than did animals that lost relatively modest amounts.This suggests that processes beyond simple metabolic regulation drive how the body responds to limited-calorie regimes. 

The findings could reshape how scientists think about studies of dietary restriction in humans. In one of the most comprehensive clinical trials of a low-calorie diet in healthy, non-obese individuals, researchers found  that the intervention helped to dial down metabolic rates — a short-term effect thought to signal longer-term benefits for lifespan.But the mouse data from Churchill’s team suggest that metabolic measurements might reflect ‘healthspan’ — the period of life spent free from chronic disease and disability — but that other metrics are needed to say whether such ‘anti-ageing’ strategies can truly extend life.

Journal：nature

Title：Eating less can lead to a longer life: massive study in mice shows why(09 October 2024)

Category：Health

Cutting calorie intake can lead to a leaner body — and a longer life , an effect often chalked up to the weight loss and metabolic changes caused by consuming less food . 

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减少卡路里的摄入可以使身体更苗条，寿命更长，这种效果通常被归因于摄入更少的食物导致的体重减轻和代谢变化。

It's better to be lucky,but I would rather be exact.Then when luck comes you are ready.

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