上期答案
Vaccination is one of the most effective tools available against infectious disease. Nonetheless, optimizing vaccine efficacy remains a top priority for scientists, especially to better protect high-risk populations.
疫苗接种是预防传染病最有效的手段之一。尽管如此，优化疫苗效力仍然是科学家的首要任务，特别是为了更好地保护高危人群。
本期内容
早上好，读者朋友们，今天分享的文章选自《今日心理学》。在纷繁复杂的社会角色中，父亲这一身份往往承载着无尽的期望与责任。然而，你是否知道，养育子女的过程，其实也为男性带来了一场深刻的情感变革？最新的心理学研究揭示了一个令人动容的真相：成为父亲，不仅是责任的担当，更是情感的滋养。养育子女，让男性学会了倾听与理解。他们开始懂得，孩子的每一个笑容、每一次哭泣，都蕴含着丰富的情感与需求。这种对情感的细腻感知，不仅让他们成为更好的父亲，更让他们在人际关系中展现出前所未有的同理心与包容力。
The Psychology of Fathering
为人父之心理学
1
Most of the body of research dedicated to fatherhood has understandably been focused on how children benefit from the presence of a male parent or guardian. More attention is gradually being paid to the value of fatherhood to men themselves, however. Not just kids benefit immensely from involved and engaged dads, but so do adults, studies have shown, something that holds true across economic lines. Research has demonstrated there to be a host of positive effects of parenting among men, with fathers finding the time spent with their children to be rewarding and fulfilling on many levels.
fatherhood n.父亲身份
demonstrate v. 证明；示范，演示
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The emotional benefits to be realized from fatherhood relate directly to the level of involvement in their kids’ lives. In 1989, Marjory Roberts reported in Psychology Today the results of a recently conducted longitudinal study of more than 200 fathers showing that being a dad was a positive experience in a psychological sense, specifically by functioning as a means of developing greater empathy and compassion. The finding was consistent with Erik Erikson’s theory of “generativity,” which held that humans achieved full maturity only when they advanced the lives of children in some way.
longitudinal /,lɑndʒə'tudnl/ adj. 纵向的；纵观的
consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj.一贯的；持续的
maturity /məˈtʃʊrəti/ n.成熟
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父亲身份所带来的情感益处与他们对孩子生活的参与程度直接相关。1989 年，马乔里·罗伯茨在《今日心理学》上报道了一项对 200 多名父亲进行的纵向研究的结果，该研究表明，从心理学的角度来看，成为父亲是一种积极的体验，特别是因为它可以培养更大的同理心和同情心。这一发现与埃里克森的“生殖力”理论一致，该理论认为，人类只有以某种方式促进孩子的生活才能完全成熟。
The other good news in this study was that, contrary to popular belief, the careers of men did not suffer when they became fathers or stepped up their involvement. And, as many previous studies had showed, children benefitted greatly from having their dads around. Both boys and girls became more confident, mature, and autonomous adults with the presence of an engaged father, the study by psychologists Joseph Pleck, John Snarey, and Anthony Maier found, with the authors declaring fatherhood to clearly be a win-win experience. “The role of the father is just as important as the role of the mother,” Snarey stated, something many dads likely suspected but were still happy to hear.
win-win adj. 双赢的
contrary to 与……相反
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这项研究的另一个好消息是，与人们普遍认为的相反，当男性成为父亲或更多地参与其中时，他们的职业生涯并没有受到影响。而且，正如许多先前的研究表明的那样，有父亲在身边，孩子们受益匪浅。心理学家约瑟夫·普莱克（Joseph Pleck）、约翰·斯纳雷（John Snarey）和安东尼·迈尔（Anthony Maier）进行的这项研究发现，在父亲的参与下，男孩和女孩都变得更自信、更成熟、更自主。研究作者宣称，做父亲显然是一种双赢的体验。“父亲的角色与母亲的角色同样重要，”斯纳雷说，许多父亲可能对此有所怀疑，但仍然很高兴听到这一点。
Neuroscientific research related to fatherhood backs up such stories. “When men morph into fathers, they experience a neural revival that benefits their children,” Brian Mossop explained in Scientific American Mind in 2011, with both baby’s and dad’s brains forever altered in the days following birth. A biochemical bond is quickly established between fathers and their children, analogous to the one forged between mothers and their fetuses during pregnancy.
back up 支持
morph into 转变为
analogous /əˈnæləɡəs/ adj. 相似的
fetus /ˈfiːtəs/ n. 胎儿
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与父亲身份相关的神经科学研究支持了这些叙述。“当男人成为父亲时，他们会经历一次神经复兴，这对他们的孩子有益，”布莱恩·莫索普在 2011 年的《科学美国人》杂志上解释说，婴儿和父亲的大脑在出生后的几天内都会发生永久改变。父亲和孩子之间很快就会建立起一种生化纽带，类似于母亲和胎儿在怀孕期间建立的纽带。
More specifically, dads’ brains are hardwired to respond to any threat to their infants’ comfort and survival, just one way oxytocin affects early paternal behavior. Fathers’ and babies’ brains function symbiotically, neuroscientists are finding, each party benefiting in some way from the other’s cognitive influence. Men even grow new, additional neurons after becoming fathers, studies have shown, nature’s way of establishing an emotional connection that will pay off dividends throughout the child’s life.
More specifically 更具体地
oxytocin /ˌɑːksɪˈtoʊsɪn/ n.催产素
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更具体地说，父亲的大脑天生就会对婴儿的舒适和生存受到的任何威胁做出反应，而催产素正是影响父亲早期行为的一种方式。神经科学家发现，父亲和婴儿的大脑是互利共生的，双方都以某种方式从对方的认知影响中受益。研究表明，男性在成为父亲后甚至会长出新的额外神经元，这是自然界建立情感联系的方式，这种联系将对孩子的一生产生回报。
文末有一个投票环节，诚邀各位读者积极参与！
Journal：psychologytoday
Title：The Psychology of Fathering(October 11, 2024 )
Category：Parenting
END
写作句式积累
Although fatherhood has been around as long as humans, we are clearly embarking on a new frontier of understanding it, with many exciting adventures no doubt looming for the future.
虽然父亲身份与人类一样古老，但我们显然正在踏上理解它的新领域，未来无疑会有许多令人兴奋的冒险。
翻译练习
As any dad will tell you, fathers can learn a great deal from a child by spending both quality and quantity time with him or her, so much so that the former’s perspective of the world is typically irrevocably altered.
翻译练习，欢迎大家文末留言打卡，下期推送文章公布答案哟，一起阅外刊学英语吧！
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