上期答案
Her previous work on astronauts who have spent time on the International Space Station has shown that months of microgravity can cause the inner structure of load-bearing bones, such as those in the legs, to weaken in ways that don’t fully heal even one year after returning to Earth.
她之前对在国际空间站工作过的宇航员的研究表明数月的微重力会导致承重骨（如腿骨）的内部结构以某种方式减弱，这种减弱即使在返回地球一年后也无法完全恢复。
本期内容
早上好，读者朋友们，今天分享的文章节选自《卫报》。引领未来出行新纪元！加州城市即将震撼启航——美国首列氢动力客运列车“泽木”号即将驶向现实，穿越历史性的空气质量挑战区，标志着美国清洁能源铁路革命的号角正式吹响！这不仅是一列火车的革新，更是对绿色出行、低碳生活的坚定承诺。随着“泽木”的缓缓前行，我们能否见证一场席卷全国的清洁能源铁路运动蓬勃兴起？跟随我们的镜头，一同探索这场交通领域的绿色变革，见证历史性的跨越与飞跃！
‘Transformational’: how a California city launched America’s first hydrogen-powered passenger train
“变革”：加州城市如何推出美国首列氢动力客运列车
1
There’s a new train pulling into the station in San Bernardino, a southern California city about 60 miles from Los Angeles. From the outside, it looks like any other commuter train, with three passenger carriages, blocky windows and a colourful blue exterior. But inside, it’s unlike anything the region – or the country – has seen before. The $20m Zero-Emission Multiple Unit, known as Zemu, uses a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell and battery system to propel the train and run other onboard electrical systems. The only byproduct of the fuel cell is water vapour, a welcome change in an area known as the Inland Empire that suffers from some of the worst air quality rates in the country.
carriage /ˈkærɪdʒ/n.客车厢
hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/n. 氢，氢气
byproduct /ˈbaɪˌprɑːdʌkt/n. 副产品
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这是一辆新列车驶入圣贝纳迪诺车站，圣贝纳迪诺是南加州的一个城市，距离洛杉矶约 60 英里。从外观上看，它和其他通勤列车没什么区别，有三节客车车厢、方形窗户和色彩鲜艳的蓝色外观。但在内部，它不同于该地区或这个国家以前见过的任何东西。这款价值2000万美元的零排放多单元列车被称为Zemu，它使用混合氢燃料电池和电池系统来驱动列车，并运行其他车载电气系统。燃料电池的唯一副产品是水蒸气，这在一个被称为内陆帝国的地区是一个受欢迎的变化，这里的空气质量是全国最差的。
The new technology will make Zemu the first hydrogen-powered, zero-emissions passenger train in North America to meet Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) requirements when it goes into service early next year.The train will run between the cities of Redlands and San Bernardino on a 9-mile line known as the Arrow Corridor; it’s one of the region’s smallest, carrying an estimated 416 daily weekday and 6,433 weekend riders, but ridership is growing. Its operators hope that Zemu, which was unveiled to the media last week, paves the way for clean energy trains to run on hundreds of miles of track in southern California and across the country.
ridership /ˈraɪdərˌʃɪp/n.客流量
pave the way for 为……铺平道路
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新技术将使 Zemu 成为北美第一列符合联邦铁路管理局 (FRA) 要求的氢动力、零排放客运列车，该列车将于明年初投入使用。这列火车将在一条 9 英里长的线路（称为 Arrow Corridor）上往返于雷德兰兹和圣贝纳迪诺两座城市之间。这条线路是该地区最小的线路之一，预计工作日每天载客 416 人，周末载客 6,433 人，但客流量正在增长。Zemu 于上周向媒体揭幕，其运营商希望它能为清洁能源列车在南加州乃至全国数百英里的轨道上运行铺平道路。
The debut of this technology in North America comes as the greater Los Angeles region prepares for the 2028 Olympics, which the city’s mayor has said will be a “no-car” games, and as California ramps up its efforts to meet 2045 carbon neutrality goals.San Bernardino has long suffered from poor air quality brought on by a high concentration of freeways, rail yards and industrial facilities including shipping warehouses. The city failed the American Lung Association’s 2024 State of the Air index, which is based on the number of days that ozone and particle pollution exceeded safe levels.
mayor /ˈmeɪər/n.市长
ramp up 逐步增加
carbon neutrality n. 碳中和，碳平衡
ozone /ˈoʊzoʊn/n. 臭氧
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这项技术在北美首次亮相正值大洛杉矶地区为 2028 年奥运会做准备之际，洛杉矶市长表示，这将是一场“无汽车”奥运会，而加州也在加大努力，以实现 2045 年的碳中和目标。圣贝纳迪诺长期以来一直饱受空气质量不佳的困扰，这是由于高速公路、铁路站场和工业设施（包括船运仓库）密集造成的。该市未能通过美国肺脏协会 2024 年空气状况指数，该指数基于臭氧和颗粒物污染超过安全水平的天数。
The project has been years in the making. A decade ago, motivated by the poor air quality and a desire to reduce the stress on the county’s roads, often crowded by trucks transporting goods from the nearby ports of LA and Long Beach, SBCTA officials set out to find clean alternatives to their existing diesel trains.They landed on the hydrogen fuel-powered Zemu, and in 2019 contracted with Swiss rail manufacturer Stadler Inc to deliver on that mission, said Tim Watkins.
set out to 开始工作，展开任务
diesel /ˈdiːz(ə)l/n. 柴油
deliver on 履行
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这个项目已经酝酿了多年。十年前，由于糟糕的空气质量,以及希望减轻县内道路压力（该县道路经常挤满从附近洛杉矶和长滩港口运送货物的卡车），圣巴巴拉交通管理局官员开始寻找现有柴油车的清洁替代品。蒂姆·沃特金斯说，他们选择了氢燃料驱动的泽木列车，并于 2019 年与瑞士铁路制造商施泰德公司 (Stadler Inc.) 签订合同，完成这一使命。
A fleet of hydrogen-powered trains, built by the French manufacturer Alstom, have been operating in Germany and Austria since 2018, but similar trains have never run in North America.Hydrogen fuel cells combine hydrogen and oxygen molecules to generate electricity and produce water vapour as a byproduct. In practice, the fuel cell functions as an onboard generator that charges the batteries that turn the wheels of the train, driving it forward as well as running electrical systems. Inside the cell, hydrogen molecules, composed of one negatively charged electron and one positively charged proton, are split apart. The protons pass through a membrane, leaving the electrons behind. In order to rejoin the protons, the electrons jump the membrane, generating electricity in the process.
proton /ˈproʊtɑːn/n.质子
electron /ɪˈlektrɑːn/n. 电子
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自2018年以来，由法国制造商阿尔斯通(Alstom)建造的一批氢动力列车一直在德国和奥地利运行，但类似的列车从未在北美运行过。实际上，燃料电池充当车载发电机，为电池充电，使火车车轮转动，推动火车前进，并运行电气系统。在电池内部，由一个带负电的电子和一个带正电的质子组成的氢分子被分裂开来。质子穿过薄膜，留下电子。为了与质子重新结合，电子跳过薄膜，在这个过程中产生电力。
Journal：Theguardian
Title:‘Transformational’: how a California city launched America’s first hydrogen-powered passenger train(3 Sep 2024)
Category：Environmentand clean energy
END
写作句式积累
But regardless of the challenges, California officials are forging ahead.
尽管面临挑战，但加州官员仍在继续努力。
翻译练习
Because hydrogen is so light, a large volume of gas is needed to produce a train-fleet-fueling amount of electricity, making it not an especially energy dense fuel.
翻译练习，欢迎大家文末留言打卡，下期推送文章公布答案哟，一起阅外刊学英语吧！
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