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词数：520 words
难度：★★★☆☆
小贴士：
主打一个自信！出门在外，身份都是自己给的哈哈哈！
——大橙子留
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上期划线句答案
The fact is that if you sit a lot, the recommended 150 weekly minutes of moderate aerobic activity and strength training may not cut it, said Geoffrey Whitfield, an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
美国疾病控制与预防中心的流行病学家杰弗里·惠特菲尔德表示，事实上，如果你坐的时间太长，那么推荐的每周150 分钟中等强度有氧运动和力量训练可能不足以弥补久坐带来的负面影响。
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本期内容
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双语阅读
Para.1
Confidence is contagious. Someone declaring a position with ringing certainty is more likely to inspire than someone who hedges their bets. “We may fight them on the beaches; it depends a bit on the weather,” would have been a lot less persuasive. What is true of Churchill’s wartime oratory is true in less dramatic circumstances. A study by Matthias Brauer of the University of Mannheim and his co-authors analysed language used in letters from activist investors; it found that more confident letters were associated with more successful activist campaigns. Confidence confers status. In a study published in 2012 by Cameron Anderson of the University of California, Berkeley and his co-authors, students on an MBA course were asked to take an online survey before they started classes. The questionnaire asked participants to say if they recognised certain names, events and works of art; unknown to them, the options included both genuine choices, such as Maximilien Robespierre and “Pygmalion”, and made-up ones like Bonnie Prince Lorenzo and “Windemere Wild”. Overconfident students who had picked more fictitious entries turned out to have the most influence on their classmates, according to end-of-term ratings.
Para.2
Confidence without competence will only get you so far. But competence without confidence imposes limits, too. Self-doubters are less likely to put themselves forward for big promotions. Irrational levels of self-belief are a hallmark of many successful founders. A recent paper by Terhi Maczulskij and Jutta Viinikainen, two Finnish academics, looked at the relationship between personality traits and employment status in Finland, and found that higher self-confidence was predictive both of entrepreneurship and of entrepreneurial success. As much as confidence brings rewards, however, it also brings danger. Work by Ulrike Malmendier of the University of California, Berkeley and Geoffrey Tate of the University of Maryland has found that overconfident bosses are much more likely to undertake acquisitions (though they are more averse to external financing, believing that it undervalues their businesses). Their acquisitions are also more likely to destroy value.
Para.3
In an ideal world, confidence would be distributed evenly and in just the right quantities: an optimally confident person is someone secure enough to trust their own judgment and to accept that it is fallible. In practice, confidence is distributed very lumpily and is also susceptible to feedback loops. A confident person (“I’m so great”) is liable to place even more faith in their own abilities if they have success (“I’m so great and here’s the job title to prove it”).
This messy picture resolves into two broad propositions for managers to reflect on. First, puffed-up people need guardrails. A new paper by Priscilla Kraft of WHU, a German business school, and her co-authors finds that overconfident bosses of American high-tech firms have a better record of making breakthrough innovations if they are constrained by powerful and expert boards. Second, self-doubters need encouragement to fulfil their potential. That might come from managers, mentors or even themselves.
本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）
发布时间：2024.11.14
作者：Biz News
原文标题：The magic and the minefield of confidence
在本期的精读中，我们为大家整理了12个核心单词。部分同学可能想要更深入地学习，把单词记录在生词本里面，记录一些单词的例句，这时候Kimi 就能帮上大忙。
你将单词清单发送给 Kimi，再发送以下指令到 Kimi 的对话中：假设你是一位资深英语老师，请你根据以下单词制作一份表格形式的单词本。表格需要包含单词的具体含义、常见短语以及一句典型例句（附带翻译）。
网址：kimi.ai
Kimi 会根据所发送的单词和格式要求，生成一份包含实用的例句和翻译，且格式规范的定制单词表，可以帮助大家快速整理所学到的知识。之后有新的单词也可以按照一样的格式一起整理到单词本里。
事实上，Kimi 的功能远不止如此。它还能帮你校对作文、精读英文文章，甚至为你制定完整的学习计划，让你的英语学习事半功倍。
接下来，我将通过几个具体示例来展示它的强大功能。感兴趣的朋友不妨跟着尝试一下！
一、错题本与真题解析
在做阅读题时，很多同学可能会觉得解析不够详尽，尤其是想深入学习文章时会遇到困难。将题目发送给Kimi，它会为你提供全面的精读解析。
Kimi精读指令如下：你的任务是扮演一位专业的英语考研教师，帮助学生深入理解题目中的复杂句子的结构并提高阅读理解能力，请从这个框架分析我所发送的题目：内容分析、词汇学习、语法解析、文化背景介绍、作者意图分析和阅读理解练习。
Kimi 的解析涵盖文章结构、语法和词汇运用等多方面内容，还能基于文章生成全新的阅读题，帮助你检验学习效果。从此以后，遇到难懂的阅读材料，交给 Kimi 就能快速找到答案。遇到不明确的知识点，还可以单独要求 Kimi 按照习惯的记录形式导出，生成自己的错题集。
二、作文校对
在写作练习中，仅靠记忆模板往往无法取得理想效果，而频繁练习和专业批改才是提升的关键。使用 Kimi 进行作文批改，是一个高效且简单的选择。
例如，在去年的考研英语一中，作文题目要求撰写一则招募通知。只需将完成的作文上传至 Kimi，它便会针对语法、拼写、逻辑以及高级表达，提供详细的批改建议。（作文批改的使用提示已放在文章末尾。）
更重要的是，Kimi 不仅会指出问题，还会解释修改原因，并生成一份修改后的高质量范文，供你参考和背诵。
三、搜集复习资料
考研备考不仅是对知识点的掌握，更是对信息获取能力的考验。Kimi 新上线的“探索版”功能，可以在大量网页中高效筛选和汇总有用信息。
比如，你可以让 Kimi 帮助搜索2020年至2023年的考研英语阅读题（包括英语一和英语二），并总结这三年中出现频率最高的单词和短语。
结果显示，Kimi 能从392个网页中提取核心内容，总结出这段时间的高频词汇。它可以实时搜索到最新的考试信息，建议大家随时都可以试一试。
总而言之，Kimi 是一个非常实用的英语学习工具。如果你想更直观地体验它的功能，可以点击下方的“阅读原文”链接，立即开始探索！
批改英语作文提示词
你是一位考研英语作文批改专家，专注于帮助学生提升语法、拼写和逻辑表达水平，熟悉考研作文评分标准，能够提供高级表达和结构化建议。你的任务是指出学生作文中的错误，提供正确用法和改进建议，并推荐更高级的词汇和流畅表达方式。批改过程需细致且具有建设性，所有反馈需用中文呈现，确保学生能充分理解和应用。请直接向学生表示欢迎并引导他们上传作文开始批改，同时开放任何问题的咨询。
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写作句总结
原句：In an ideal world, confidence would be distributed evenly and in just the right quantities: an optimally confident person is someone secure enough to trust their own judgment and to accept that it is fallible.
结构：In an ideal world, X would be Y and Z: an optimally A person is someone B enough to C and D.
例句：In an ideal world, teamwork would be valued equally and in the right amounts: an optimally collaborative person is someone open enough to listen to others' ideas and flexible enough to adapt their own.
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阅读理解题
In the passage, what is the meaning of "fictitious entries"?
A) Entries that are based on real names, events, and works of art.
B) Entries that are associated with influential individuals.
C) Entries that are well-known and widely recognized.
D) Entries that are fabricated or made-up.
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全文概括
The article examines the complex relationship between confidence and success. It explores how confidence can be a powerful tool for persuasion and leadership but also how overconfidence can lead to poor decision-making and ultimately failure. The article suggests that while a certain level of confidence is essential for success, it's important to have checks and balances in place to mitigate the potential risks of overconfidence. The article also highlights the need to support and encourage individuals who lack confidence, as their potential may go unrealized without proper guidance and encouragement.
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打卡作业
翻译文章中的划线句，文末留言打卡，下期推送会在文章开头处公布参考翻译答案，大家一起来学习英语吧~
翻译 | 大橙子
校对 | 李柚子
词汇词组 | 西西弗
划线句讲解 | 流木
写作句总结 | 沅沅
免责声明：本文来自网络公开资料，仅供学习交流，其观点和倾向不代表本公众号立场。
