外刊阅读20241214|哪种类型的纸最容易割伤手指?

教育   2024-12-14 07:59   河北  

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难度:★★★☆☆


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等考完试,期待大家反馈好消息哦

——大橙子留


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上期划线句答案

I’m happy to catch up on the 5 episodes of a random show my wife started without me with a dynamic summary, but would prefer to savor every moment of the rare show that’s right up my alley.

我很乐意通过动态摘要追上妻子没等我时自己单独看的随机找的5集节目,但对于那些非常符合我口味的罕见好剧,我更希望细细品味每分每秒。

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本期内容


双语阅读


Para.1


Any way you slice it, a paper cut is painful.  Magazines, letters and books harbor a devious potential for minor self-induced agony. But other types of paper — like thin tissue paper or the thicker stuff used for postcards — are less likely to offend. Scientists have now explained the physics behind why some paper is more prone to shred fingers.



不管是怎么划到的,被纸割伤总是很疼。杂志、信件和书籍这类纸张,都可能隐藏着让人轻微自我伤害的风险。不过,其他类型的纸——比如薄的纸巾纸或用于明信片的较厚纸——则不太容易让人受伤。科学家们如今已经揭示了某些纸张更容易划伤手指背后的物理原理。

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1. devious

 /ˈdiːvɪəs/ 

adj. 偏僻的;弯曲的;不光明正大的

2. minor

/ˈmaɪnə/ 

adj. 较小的,次要的,轻微的; (疾病)不严重的,(手术)小的; 小调的,小音阶的; 未成年的; 数量少的,范围小的; (逻)小(项)

n. 未成年人; 辅修课程; (乐)小调,小音程; (逻)小项,小前提; 禾夜蛾

3. shred

 /ʃrɛd/ 

n. (撕或切的)细条,碎片; 极少量,些许; 完全毁坏

v. 切碎,撕碎; 粉碎销毁(文件)

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Para.2


In experiments with a gelatin replica of human tissue, researchers found that a thin sheet of paper tended to buckle before it could cut. Thick paper typically indented the material but didn’t pierce it: Like a dull knife blade, it didn’t concentrate force into a small enough area. A thickness of around 65 micrometers was a paper cut sweet spot — or sore spot — physicist Kaare Jensen and colleagues report in a paper to appear in Physical Review E.



在用明胶制作的人体组织模型实验中,研究人员发现,薄纸在割伤人之前往往会先发生弯曲。厚纸会让材料凹陷,但不会刺穿它:就像钝的刀刃一样,它无法将力集中在足够小的范围内。物理学家卡雷·詹森和他的团队在即将发表的《物理评论E》论文中表示,大约65微米的厚度是“最容易割伤的纸张厚度”——或者说是“痛点”。

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1. gelatin

/ˈdʒɛlətɪn/ 

n. 明胶;动物胶;胶制品

2. buckle

/ˈbʌkəl/ 

v. 发软; 屈服,让步; (人)精神崩溃; (使)弯曲,(使)变形; 扣住,扣紧

n. (皮带等的)搭扣,搭钩

3. indent

/ɪnˈdɛnt/ 

v. 缩进(行、段落、列表等); 使(某物边缘处)凹进,(在某物上)制造凹痕; 订货; 按一式两份起草(法律文件)

n. 订货单,购货单; (行,段落)缩进,缩格; 凹口; 定期服务合同


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Para.3


That makes dot matrix printer paper the most treacherous, the researchers say. (That paper is seldom used today — fortunately for pinkies and pointer fingers alike.) Paper from various magazines was a close second in the scientists’ tests. (For those who read Science News in print: Sorry!)  The angle of slicing also played a role. Paper pressed straight down into the gelatin was less likely to cut than paper that cleaved across and down.



研究人员指出,这使得点阵打印纸成为最危险的纸。(幸运的是,这种纸现在很少使用——这对小拇指和食指来说是个好消息。)在实验中,各种杂志的纸张紧随其后,排名第二。(对于那些喜欢读《科学新闻》纸质版的读者:抱歉!)切割的角度也有着一定的影响。直接把纸垂直压入明胶中,比起斜着切入的纸,割伤的可能性更小。

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1. matrix

/ˈmeɪtrɪks/ 

n. 矩阵; 模型; 社会环境; (骨头、牙齿和指甲等身体器官的)母体,基质; 脉石; 矩阵转接电路; 线路网,道路网; 精细材料

2. treacherous

/ˈtrɛtʃərəs/ 

adj. (人)不忠的,背信弃义的; (地面、道路、天气情况等)暗藏危险的

3. cleave

/kliːv/ 

vt. 砍开;使分开;打通

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Para.4


Rather than fighting paper’s tendency to cut, the researchers embraced it. They designed a 3-D printed tool they call the Papermachete, which, when loaded with a strip of printer paper, acts as a single-use knife. The blade can cut into cucumbers, peppers, apple and even chicken. The cutting-edge device could serve as a new type of cutlery with low-cost replacement blades.



研究人员没有试图对抗纸张易割伤的情况,而是接受了这一特性。翻译划线句,在文末留言打卡,答案下期公布~可以用于切割黄瓜、辣椒、苹果甚至鸡肉。这种尖端的设备可以作为一种新型的餐具,它的刀片更换成本很低。

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1. cutlery

 /ˈkʌtlərɪ/ 

n. 餐具(刀、叉和匙); 刀具

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Para.5


Future work will study more realistic, finger-shaped materials, rather than flat sheets of gelatin, says Jensen, of the Technical University of Denmark in Kongens Lyngby. “Ideally you would want some test subjects, but it’s hard to find volunteers.”



来自丹麦技术大学的詹森表示,未来的研究将用更真实的、类似手指形状的材料,而不是平坦的明胶片。“理想情况下,你需要一些实验对象,但很难找到志愿者。”

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本文节选自:Science News(科学新闻)

发布时间:2024.7.31

作者:Emily Conover

原文标题:Paper cut physics pinpoints the most hazardous types of paper



写作句总结

原句:Rather than fighting paper’s tendency to cut, the researchers embraced it.

结构:Rather than X, Y embrace it.

例句:Rather than ignoring the importance of teamwork, many successful leaders embrace collaboration.


阅读理解题

Which of the following factors does NOT significantly influence the likelihood or severity of a paper cut, according to scientific research?

A. Thickness of the paper

B. Type of paper

C. Hardness of the paper

D. Angle at which the paper contacts the skin

C

点击此处查看答案


全文概括

Researchers investigated why paper cuts are so painful, using a gelatin model to simulate skin. They discovered that paper around 65 micrometers thick is most likely to cause cuts, because it buckles and pierces the skin effectively. The angle of the cut also matters, with a slicing motion causing more damage than a straight-down push. Interestingly, this research led to the creation of a 3D-printed tool, the Papermachete, using paper strips as disposable blades. Future research will use more realistic skin models to further refine their findings.


打卡作业

翻译文章中的划线句,文末留言打卡,下期推送会在文章开头处公布参考翻译答案,大家一起来学习英语吧~

翻译 | 大橙子

校对 | 李柚子

词汇词组 | 西西弗

划线句讲解 | 流木

写作句总结 | 沅沅

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