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上期划线句答案
Dr Hanson and his colleagues determined this rapid growth was achieved mainly through the embrace of special issues: groups of articles published together and focused on a single topic outside the journal’s usual publication schedule.
汉森博士和他的同事确定，这种快速增长主要是通过收录特刊实现的：即在期刊常规出版计划之外，聚焦于一个主题的一组文章一起发表。
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本期内容
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双语阅读
Para.1
We’ve all heard that sitting too long is bad for you. We’re not evolved to do it, it can undermine our exercise gains, it causes dead butt syndrome. Sitting might not quite be “the new smoking,” but too much of it can still shorten your life. And we spend a lot of time sitting. Numbers vary around how much average Americans sit per day, but it may be as long as nine and a half hours. Studies suggest women sit less than men do, but most agree we all sit more than previous generations did.
Para.2
The American Heart Association notes that prolonged sitting raises the risk of developing heart disease or stroke, even for those who exercise regularly. It can take as little as 30 minutes of uninterrupted sitting to affect how blood vessels function. And the longer you sit, the higher the cardiovascular risks, especially if you are sitting for more than 10 hours. Sitting for extended periods has also been linked to lower back pain. Small studies suggest the height of your lumbar disc might be compressed after sitting more than four hours without interruption. Furthermore, your large leg and gluteal muscles can stop activating after just 30 minutes of sitting, Dr. Owen said. Over time, they can weaken and cause back or knee pain.
Para.3
Sitting also doesn’t burn much energy. Over time, a sedentary lifestyle can affect your ability to regulate blood sugar and break down fat, potentially leading to weight gain and Type 2 diabetes. American workers today burn about 100 fewer calories per day than they did 50 years ago. That’s roughly equal to 30 minutes of walking, said Thom Rieck, an exercise specialist at the Mayo Healthy Living Program in Rochester, Minn. Lastly, sitting affects mood and cognition, increasing the odds of depression and anxiety.
Para.4
The fact is that if you sit a lot, the recommended 150 weekly minutes of moderate aerobic activity and strength training may not cut it, said Geoffrey Whitfield, an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The more you sit, the more exercise you need. Some evidence suggests tripling that amount, to about 60 minutes per day, Dr. Whitfield added. If you can’t add that much movement to your day, try adding small bouts, spread throughout the day. Brian Cleven, a clinical exercise physiologist in Marinette, Wis., recommends working some exercises into your day at your desk. Try 10 to 15 repetitions of pointing and flexing each foot, seated calf raises and marching in place. Or try a quick exercise snack.
Para.5
If you can’t get up — say, during a long car drive — at the very least you should change your body position, ideally every 15 to 30 minutes, Dr. Barone Gibbs said. You can do this with small, subtle movements, like fidgeting by tapping or jiggling your feet every few minutes. But you can’t fidget your way to good health. To avoid the adverse effects of a sitting-heavy lifestyle, add more movement breaks and more exercise to your daily routine, Dr. Whitfield said.
本文节选自：The New York Times（纽约时报）
发布时间：2024.11.6
作者：WELL
原文标题：Why Sitting All Day May Shorten Your Life
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写作句总结
原句：Sitting might not quite be “the new smoking,” but too much of it can still shorten your life.
结构：X might not be Y, but too much of it can still Z.
例句：The pursuit of wealth might not be the ultimate goal in life, but too much focus on money can still lead to a lack of personal fulfillment.
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阅读理解题
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of prolonged sitting in the article?
A) Increased risk of heart disease or stroke
B) Reduced ability to break down fat
C) Development of Type 1 diabetes
D) Weakened leg and gluteal muscles
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全文概括
Prolonged sitting is detrimental to health, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, back pain, weight gain, and mental health issues. Studies show a correlation between excessive sitting and reduced calorie expenditure, impacting blood sugar regulation and fat metabolism. Even regular exercise may not fully counteract the negative effects of prolonged sitting, necessitating increased physical activity or frequent movement breaks. Recommendations include incorporating small exercises throughout the day and changing posture regularly to mitigate the risks associated with a sedentary lifestyle.
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