得一忘二 译
进入现代文明的过程,便是人们日渐失去质朴的过程。当今,我们已无法像远古的人那样自然而然的享受阳光温暖的抚摸和和风细雨的滋润。想一想,我们何曾还能坦荡地赤裸,以天体面对大地和阳光;有多少白昼能面对心爱的人,毫无羞怯地铺展我们的肉身,忘却你我之外的世界?我们能否彻底清空头脑中的一切,超脱社会的道德与心底的压抑,尽情享用自己,犹如身体只是一座蕴藏着快乐的宝库,没有人需要占有,我们只需要勤勉地挖掘?
无须承担记忆的沉重,不理会未来的逼迫;让此刻永恒,令时间不再延续。将欲望自然地说出,犹如一句赞美一句问候,天地之间随处都是家园。这便是古希腊的文明,犹如没有经过孔孟解释的《国风》,不是“思无邪”,而是“性本无邪”,因此“何处惹尘埃”;于是我们在那真率的“窈窕淑女,君子好逑”中,读到一种朴实的美,永恒而简洁,像大地与阳光一样的自然,我们甚至无需说这是真理,因为真理这个概念已经是一种做作,将情感的本能与直觉全都遮盖上了一层sophistication世故与城府。
可是,也正是因为我们已接受了“教育education”,我们常常失去了欣赏质朴美的能力。教育educate一词的拉丁文词源意思是“引出”,这也就是说,是一种“导引”,进入一个预定的轨道。这自然常常被认为是一种“进步”,也就是沿着一种人为的预设越走越深。那么,这种预设是否就是人类的必然呢?其实不然。最简单的例子便是,教育使人们越来越远离自然生存的环境。如今,很少有儿童还懂得欣赏人与泥土之间的亲近关系。人与自然已经变成一种抽象的模拟的商品消费关系。最典型的例证是:在假日,人们开车到乡下,呼吸泥土气息。人早已远离大地,不仅仅在身体上,更是在心理上。所以,二十世纪最伟大的哲学家海德格尔要坚持:人,诗意地栖居于大地。
犹如当今,如果谈到诗歌,人们往往想到,出奇制胜的修辞,抽象隐晦的题旨。而我们需要的更该是,如何在最原始最质朴的语言中,发现真正的诗,体认诗的本质;语言才是人们最终的家园。
I wish I were the wind, and you
walking along the seashore,
would uncover your breasts,
and let me touch them
as I blow.
当你沿着海滩漫步,
我多想化为那轻风,
掀起你的胸衣;
每当我吹起,
让我抚摸你的双乳。
——佚名
How good it is to roam
on the ripe grassy meadows
where the sweet wind drifts;
look at the grape vines,
and lie under the leaves
with a soft girl in my arms
who is willing and warm.
那是多么美妙:
柔风吹拂,
漫步在郁郁芃芃的草野,
然后躺在葡萄叶下
仰看藤蔓缠结,
臂弯里有一个柔顺的女孩
温暖而满心喜悦。
——佚名
A silver-ankled girl
was bathing in a brook,
letting the water flood down
on the golden apples of her milky breasts.
When she walked,
her round hips rolled and flowed
more liquid than water.
Her arm reached down
to shield her swelling belly,
not all--
but all her hand could hide
--Rufinus
潺潺的溪中
沐浴的姑娘脚踝如银,
乳房胀鼓,
那对金苹果上水帘倾斜而下。
当她莲步款款
那圆实的臀股轻摇
甚似溪水的宛转。
她伸手向下
遮盖那隆起的小腹,
可是,一只手
只能遮住一只手的部位而已。
——路菲尼(二世纪)
Sit down in the shade
of this fine spreading laurel,
draw a welcome drink
from the sweet flowing stream,
and rest your breathless limbs
from the harvesting--
here, where the West wind
blows over you.
--Anythe
坐下吧,这月桂
铺展了如此美妙的树荫,
从恬静流淌的小溪
舀一杯爽心的甘露,
让你那气喘吁吁的四肢休息
别再为收成忙碌——
这儿,西风习习
徐徐抚过你的肌肤。
——阿奈忒(前三世纪)
Let us undo these buttons my lovely,
and lie together naked, interlaced.
Put your long arms round my shoulders,
with nothing between our bodies, not
even those maddening flimsy pieces of underwear.
Let our breasts rub and our lips meet.
Let our murmurs throb into languid silence.
Don't use your tongue for talking, for a moment.
--Paulos
解开这些扣子吧,爱人,
让我们赤裸相对,肢体绞缠。
将你修长的手臂围着我的肩头,
别令任何障碍隔开你我,
甚至那些薄丝的内衣也令我抓狂。
让我们的胸膛揉擦嘴唇磨合。
让喃喃低语颤动成慵懒的沉默。
不要将舌头浪费于空谈,暂时不必。
——包洛斯(前三世纪)
Her breast against my breast,
Her skin on mine,
Her lips against my lip, with nothing in
Between Antigone and me, we lay.
I say no more.
The rest the lamp can say.
--Marcus Argentarius
乳房伏在我胸前,
肌肤贴紧我的肉,
双唇压住了我的嘴,安提戈涅
和我躺在一起,毫无间隙。
我闭嘴了,
把话留给床头的灯。
——马库斯·阿津塔利乌(一世纪)
I am provoked
by the delicious boy next door.
His laugh of complicity is not
that of a novice.
He is twelve years old.
Green grapes may be touched, but his ripe
chastity will be guarded.
--Strato
邻家的清秀男孩
吊足了我的胃口。
他欲拒还迎的笑
绝非不解风情。
他已长到了十二岁。
青葡萄也许只能触摸,而他
熟透的贞洁尚需守候。
——丝特拉忒(二世纪)
Meeting a lovely boy face to face
I may strive to avert my eyes--
I may succeed,
but must at once glance back.
--Strato
迎面遇见一个翩翩少年,
也许我会竭力转开眼睛——
或许我能自禁,
但我必然会立刻侧身偷睇。
——丝特拉忒(二世纪)
I like all young men. I will not choose
A brother from a brother
Fo rhis beauty. One for one charm I use,
Another for another.
--Strato
年轻的男子都令我喜悦。棠棣之间
岂有高下之别。
我倾心这一位的容仪,
也钟情那一位的风致。
——丝特拉忒(二世纪)
I do not wish to marry hag or child.
The young I pity, and revere the old.
As our grape or raisin won't be mine,
Only a beauty ripening on the vine.
--Honestus
我可不想和老巫婆或小雏鸡婚媾。
年少的我怜悯,年老的我尊重。
酸葡萄干葡萄都不对我胃口,
我只要那挂在藤上的丰满的美人儿。
——奥涅斯特(一世纪)
Sweet, my friends, is Lais's smile,
Sweet the tears that milk her eye.
Yesterday, she put a while
Her head on me and gave a sigh.
I asked, "Why do you weep?" She said,
"Men lie and leave. I am afraid."
--Paulus Silentiarius (6th c)
莱伊丝的微笑如此甜美,我的朋友,
洇润她眼眸的泪珠多么甜美。
昨夜,她低头伏在我胸前
轻轻地叹息。
我问:你为何垂泪?她说:
男人睡醒便会离去。我很担心。
——肃静官保罗(六世纪)
If you are a simple mortal,
do not speak of tomorrow
or how long this man may be
among the happy,
for change comes suddenly
like the shifting flight
of the dragonfly.
--Simonides (6th Century)
如果你不过是一介凡人
不要奢谈什么明晨
也别妄言此人的幸福
是否地久天长
因为世事无常瞬息万变
有如蜻蜓诡秘的飞翔
无迹可寻
——西蒙尼德(前六世纪)
I do not like the man who sits by his bowl
and sobs about sad wars,
but the rake who loves to rave about fine feats
in the arts and art of love
-Anakreon (6th Century)
不想看到一个男人对着空碗
为失败的战争嘤嘤抽泣
我喜欢浪子总能因为热爱艺术
享用爱情盛宴而欢欣鼓舞。
——阿纳克利翁(前六世纪)
I have sung this often,
even in the grave will I shout it:
Drink:
for you must put on this mantle of dust.
--Julianus, Prefect of
我总是如此吟诵,
如今身在墓窟我仍要狂歌:
畅饮啊,
因为你必然也要披上这尘土披风。
——埃及执政官尤利阿努(六世纪)
At play, Hermione caught and drove me.
She wore a belt of many colors
With golden letters, saying: "Love me,
And don't you mind if I'm another's."
--Asclepiades
玩游戏时,赫尔迈妮抓住了我。
她的发带犹如彩虹,绣着
金灿灿的文字。她对我说:“爱我,
不要在乎我是否已名花有主。”
——阿斯克利匹亚底(前三世纪)
Drink down the strong wine:
Dawn's but the span of a finger.
And shall we wait for the lamp
that brings good night?
Drink, drink to joy, dear friend:
for soon we'll have
A lonely night for sleeping,
and that's for ever.
--Asclepiades
喝下这杯醇酒,朋友:
破晓只不过一指之长。
难道我们还要等待灯盏
为我们带来良宵?
开怀畅饮吧,朋友,贪欢一晌:
因为不久我们将会
孤独地睡去,
而那将是长眠不醒。
——阿斯克利匹亚底(前三世纪)
Isias my love,
with your scented breath
sweeter than any perfume:
wake up.
Here is a symbol for you:
this garland
is in full, fresh bloom now;
but towards morning
you will see it wither.
Take it in your hands;
and think of your beauty.
--Marcus Argentarius
艾霞,我的爱人,
你呼吸的清馨
甚似天下的迷香:
醒来吧,
收下这花环,
它是你的象征:
此刻它绽放得鲜艳夺目,
而等到明晨
你将看到一片残败。
双手接下它,
想一想你的美貌。
——马库斯·阿津塔利乌(一世纪)