腰扇
Waist fan
腰扇，又称纨扇，是中国古代一种可以折叠并佩于腰间的团扇。在南齐时期，腰扇已经作为一种流行的配饰出现，并因其遮阳的功能而受到人们的喜爱。
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The waist fan, also known as the fan, is a kind of fan that can be folded and worn around the waist in ancient China. During the Southern Qi Dynasty, the waist fan had already appeared as a popular accessory and was loved by people for its function of shading the sun.
#01
·· History ··
历史
中国历来被誉为“制扇王国”，扇子的种类丰富，绝大部分都是造型优美、构造精制。西汉时期出现了对称的“合欢扇”又称纨扇，左右对称似圆月，通常都是用白色的薄丝绢糊成。是古代年轻女子一种不可少的装饰品。手执一扇可以增添主人娴雅文静的仪态，有时却又能体现少女活泼天真的个性。我们可以从历代的君王仪仗队里看到高高举起的两个长柄的扇子，它一方面体现了君王的威仪，同时表示扇子已经不仅仅是作为一种实用的工具出现了。
China has always been known as the "kingdom of fan making", and there are many types of fans, most of which are beautiful in shape and refined in structure. During the Western Han Dynasty, there was a symmetrical "Hehuan Fan", also known as the Fen Fan, which was symmetrical like a full moon on the left and right, and was usually made of white thin silk paste. It is an indispensable ornament for young women in ancient times. Holding a fan in your hand can add to the owner's elegant and quiet demeanor, and sometimes it can reflect the girl's lively and innocent personality. We can see two long-handled fans raised high in the honor guards of kings throughout the ages, which on the one hand embody the majesty of the king, and at the same time indicate that the fan has appeared more than just a practical tool.
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Waist fan
腰扇的名称在不同历史时期有所变化。在南齐以前，它可能被称为“要扇”（“要”为“腰”的本字）。晋代时，腰扇更名为叠扇，成为夏季避暑的通用工具。
The name of the waist fan has changed in different historical periods. Before the Southern Qi Dynasty, it may have been called "to fan" ("to" is the original character for "waist"). During the Jin Dynasty, the waist fan was renamed the stacking fan and became a universal tool for summer escape.
Waist fan
腰扇的设计特点是将扇子折叠后佩戴在腰间，因此得名。它通常由竹子或象牙制成，扇面上绘有精美的图案，有的还镶嵌宝石，具有实用性和装饰性。在宋朝时期，腰扇主要用于夏日纳凉，而到了明清两代，随着工艺技术的发展，腰扇变得更加精致，成为贵族阶层的饰品之一。
The design feature of the waist fan is that the fan is folded and worn around the waist, hence the name. It is usually made of bamboo or ivory, and the fan is delicately painted with patterns, and some are also inlaid with precious stones, which is practical and decorative. During the Song Dynasty, the waist fan was mainly used for summer coolness, and in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the development of technology, the waist fan became more refined and became one of the ornaments of the aristocratic class.
Waist fan
Waist fan
Waist fan
#02
··Cultural characteristics··
文化特征
腰扇的制作工艺体现了中国古代人民的智慧和审美。腰扇通常采用优质的竹、木、纸等材料制作扇骨和扇面，并通过精细的雕刻、绘画等工艺进行装饰。这些工艺不仅使得腰扇更加美观，还提高了其耐用性。
腰扇的主要功能是遮阳，类似于现代的遮阳伞。在古代，由于团扇体积较大，随身携带不便，因此古人将其改良为易携带的形式，即腰扇。腰扇形态小巧精致，通常挂在腰间，方便随时取用。它不仅具有实用性，还承载着团圆友善、吉祥如意的文化寓意。
The production process of the waist fan reflects the wisdom and aesthetics of the ancient Chinese people. Waist fans are usually made of high-quality bamboo, wood, paper and other materials to make fan bones and fan surfaces, and are decorated through fine carving, painting and other processes. These processes not only make the waist fan more aesthetically pleasing, but also improve its durability.
The main function of the waist fan is to shade the sun, similar to modern parasols. In ancient times, due to the large size of the fan, it was inconvenient to carry around, so the ancients improved it into an easy-to-carry form, that is, the waist fan. The waist fan is small and delicate, and it is usually hung around the waist for easy access at any time. It is not only practical, but also carries the cultural meaning of reunion, friendliness and auspiciousness.
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Waist fan
1.遮阳：腰扇的主要功能之一是遮阳。在古代，由于夏季炎热，人们常常需要一种便携的遮阳工具，腰扇便应运而生。它不仅小巧精致，而且易于携带，可以随时挂在腰间，方便取用。
2.挡雨：在南方地区，腰扇还经常被用来挡雨。虽然这种设计只适用于小雨，但在古代已经足够满足人们的日常需求。
3.装饰：腰扇不仅具有实用性，还具有一定的装饰性。其形态小巧精致，扇面上常常绘有山水、书法、人物等图案，使得腰扇成为了一种艺术品。
1. Sunshade: One of the main functions of a waist fan is sunshade. In ancient times, due to the hot summer, people often needed a portable shading tool, and the waist fan came into being. Not only is it small and delicate, but it's also easy to carry and can be slung around your waist at any time for easy access.
2. Rain retention: In the southern region, waist fans are also often used to keep out rain. Although this design is only suitable for light rain, it was enough to meet people's daily needs in ancient times.
3. Decoration: The waist fan is not only practical, but also has a certain degree of decoration. Its form is small and exquisite, and the fan surface is often painted with landscapes, calligraphy, figures and other patterns, making the waist fan a kind of art.
#03
·· Inheritance value··
传承价值
腰扇作为一种艺术品，展现了中国工艺美术的精湛技艺。其扇面上常常绘有山水、花鸟、人物等题材，通过精巧细腻的画面，让人们欣赏到大自然的美景和人物的风采。
腰扇作为中国传统的饰品，具有悠久的历史和深厚的文化底蕴。在中国的传统文化中，扇子被视为一种高雅的艺术形式，代表了古代文人雅士的文化修养和审美追求。腰扇不仅象征着扬眉吐气、自由自在的生活态度，还寓意着追求自由、热爱生活的心态。通过腰扇，人们能够感受到中国传统文化的魅力，并将其传承下去。
As a work of art, the waist fan shows the exquisite skills of Chinese arts and crafts. Its fans are often painted with landscapes, flowers, birds, people and other themes, through delicate and delicate pictures, so that people can appreciate the beauty of nature and the demeanor of people. As a traditional Chinese jewelry, the waist fan has a long history and profound cultural heritage. In traditional Chinese culture, the fan is regarded as an elegant art form, representing the cultural accomplishment and aesthetic pursuit of ancient literati. The waist fan not only symbolizes the attitude of raising eyebrows and being free and easy, but also implies the mentality of pursuing freedom and loving life. Through the waist fan, people can feel the charm of traditional Chinese culture and pass it on.
Waist fan
Waist fan
Waist fan
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策划Producer| JOJO
排版 Editor | JOJO
校对 Proof| Eve
审核Reviewer I Eve
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