China
Jinhui pile
锦灰堆
Jinhui pile
重叠乱如麻，堆残剩几花。
锦灰堆里觅残章，岁月悠悠韵味长。
灰堆残锦似流年，旧梦依稀在眼前。
Overlapping and disorderly, leaving only a few flowers piled up.
Searching for remnants in the pile of ashes, the years are long and charming.
The pile of ashes and the remnants of brocade are like passing years, and old dreams are faintly before my eyes.
···
锦灰堆又名八破图，是中国传统艺术珍品之一，
以画残破的文物片段堆栈构成画面，
包括集破、集珍、打翻字纸篓等方式。
起于元，盛于清末。
民国郑达甫先生为此领域的公认能手。
Jin Hui Dui, also known as Ba Po Tu, is one of the treasures of traditional Chinese art,
Stacking up fragments of broken cultural relics to form a picture,
Including methods such as collecting trash, collecting treasures, and knocking over the trash can.
Originating in the Yuan Dynasty and flourishing in the late Qing Dynasty.
Mr. Zheng Dafu of the Republic of China is recognized as an expert in this field.
传统艺术
Traditional art
锦灰堆，又名八破图、百岁图。元代
（具体起源时间现无准确文献记载，
但相传元代画家钱选曾创作过类似作品）。
盛行时间：清末至民国后期。
类别：中国画。
特点：以画残破的文物片段堆栈构成画面，具有三维视觉艺术特点的写实画法。
Jin Hui Dui, also known as Ba Po Tu or Bai Sui Tu. Yuan dynasty
There is currently no accurate literature record of the specific origin time,
However, it is said that the Yuan Dynasty painter Qian Xuan once created similar works.
Flourishing period: from the late Qing Dynasty to the late Republic of China.
Category: Chinese Painting.
Features: The painting is composed of stacked fragments of broken cultural relics, and features realistic painting techniques with three-dimensional visual art characteristics.
锦”的寓意：
指精致丝织品，
代表美好、有价值的事物。
“灰”的寓意：
指物体燃烧后剩下的东西，
代表灰烬、残破，
象征对世俗底层生活的关切。
The meaning of 'jin':
Refers to delicate silk fabrics,
Representing beautiful and valuable things.
The meaning of 'grey':
What remains after an object burns,
Representing ashes and ruins,
Symbolizing concern for the secular lower-class life.
“堆”的寓意：
指堆放在一起，代表层层堆叠的绘制技艺，类似解构主义。
“百”与“岁”的寓意：
“百”意指画面内容繁多，“岁”借喻破碎，
祈求平安吉祥之意，寓意长命百岁、岁岁平安、代代永传。
“八”与“破”的寓意：
“八”代表发达发财，“破”表达由破而立、
破旧立新、破壁自珍、破家值万贯。
The meaning of "pile":
Stacking together represents the drawing technique of layering, similar to deconstructionism.
The symbolism of "hundred" and "year":
'Bai' refers to the abundance of visual content, while 'Sui' metaphorically represents fragmentation,
The meaning of praying for peace and auspiciousness implies longevity, peace every year, and eternal transmission from generation to generation.
The symbolism of "eight" and "broken":
The number "eight" represents prosperity and prosperity, while "breaking" expresses the rise from breaking
Breaking through the old and establishing the new, cherishing oneself by breaking through barriers, and breaking through family values worth thousands of dollars.
题材：
主要描绘古代文人雅士书房常见的杂物残片，
如古旧字画、废旧拓片、青铜器拓片、
瓦当拓片、虫蛀的古书、废弃的画稿以及扇面信札等。
形态：
这些杂物件件呈现破碎、撕裂、火烧、
沾污、破旧不堪的形状，
给人以古朴典雅、古色古香、
雅气横生、耐人寻味的感觉。
Subject matter:
Mainly depicting the common miscellaneous fragments in the study rooms of ancient literati and scholars,
Such as ancient calligraphy and paintings, discarded rubbings, bronze rubbings
Wadang rubbings, insect-infested ancient books, abandoned paintings, fan-shaped letters, etc.
Form:
These miscellaneous items are broken, torn, and burned
A dirty and worn-out shape,
Give people a sense of antiquity, elegance, and antique charm
A feeling full of elegance and thought-provoking.
技法：
绘制锦灰堆技术含量高，绘画者需多才多艺，
善写真、草、隶、篆以及能模仿各家字体和善画花鸟鱼虫、山水人物，
熟知各种碑拓、青铜器造型、能篆刻各种印章等。
Techniques:
The technique of drawing a pile of brocade ash requires a high level of skill, and the painter needs to be versatile,
Proficient in photography, cursive script, clerical script, and seal script, and able to imitate various fonts and paint flowers, birds, fish, insects, landscapes, and figures,
Familiar with various steles, and bronze ware shapes, and able to engrave various seals.
起源：
相传元代画家钱选在一次醉酒后兴起，
将当天散落在饭桌上的下酒菜吃剩残物信手绘制成一幅横卷，并挥笔题款“锦灰堆”，
这可能是锦灰堆最早的历史记载。
Origin:
According to legend, the painter Qian Xuan of the Yuan Dynasty rose to fame after being drunk,
Hand draw a horizontal scroll of leftover food and drinks scattered on the dining table that day, and write the inscription "Jin Hui Dui",
This may be the earliest historical record of Jin Hui Dui.
发展：
锦灰堆最早出现在明代的鼻烟壶上，后发展至陶瓷、
纸张等载体上。清初发展到陶瓷上，
随着大量陶瓷的出口在日本、新加坡、
台湾及东南亚都有所发现。后来经画家移至纸上相互赠送，
自我欣赏，成为文人雅士的一种游戏之作。
现状：
由于绘制锦灰堆难度大、耗时长，胜任者极少，
所以日渐萎缩，濒危失真传。2013年5月，
锦灰堆被列入山东省第三批省级非物质文化遗产名录。
Development:
Jin Hui Dui first appeared on snuff bottles in the Ming Dynasty and later developed into ceramics
On paper or other carriers. In the early Qing Dynasty, it developed into ceramics,
With the export of a large number of ceramics in Japan, Singapore
It has been found in Taiwan and Southeast Asia. Later, the painters moved it to paper and gave it to each other as gifts,
Self-appreciation has become a game for literati and scholars.
Present situation:
Due to the difficulty and time-consuming nature of drawing a pile of ashes, there are very few competent individuals,
So it is gradually shrinking and endangered, losing its true transmission. In May 2013,
Jinhui Dui has been included in the third batch of the provincial-level intangible cultural heritage list in Shandong Province.
代表人物
郑达甫：
民国时期的锦灰堆绘画能手，其作品在沪上广为流传。
宋翼青：
刘保筠的亲传弟子，也是锦灰堆技艺的重要传承者。
耿学知：
锦灰堆技艺第四代传人，入选山东省非物质文化遗产代表性传承人名单，国家一级美术师。
representative figure
Zheng Dafu:
During the Republic of China period, he was a skilled painter of Jin Hui Dui, and his works were widely circulated in Shanghai.
Song Yiqing:
Liu Baoyun's disciple is also an important inheritor of the Jin Hui Dui technique.
Geng Xuezhi:
The fourth generation inheritor of the Jin Hui Dui technique, selected as a representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage in Shandong Province, and a national first-class artist.
·· —— ··
锦灰堆被国际友人称赞为“中国的幻境画”，
备受文人雅士的青睐。
它不仅展示了画家的技艺和才华，
还体现了对古代文人雅士书房文化的传承和发扬。
锦灰堆作为一种绘画门类，具有潜在的解构主义特点，
对当代艺术潮流产生了深远影响。
Jin Hui Dui has been praised by international friends as a "Chinese fantasy painting",
Highly favoured by literati and scholars.
It not only showcases the painter's skills and talents,
It also reflects the inheritance and development of the study culture of ancient literati and scholars.
As a type of painting, Jin Hui Dui has potential deconstructivist characteristics,
It has had a profound impact on contemporary art trends.
1.绘制“锦灰堆”必须选用熟宣纸、中国画颜料、磨墨、毛笔、界尺等用具。
2.绘制图中所描绘的杂物必须是破、旧、污、虫蛀、火烧、撕裂状方能显出古朴典雅，古色古香、雅趣横生之趣。描绘书房中可见的杂物，如：古旧书画、破旧折扇执扇、青铜器拓片、碑拓、虫蛀的古书、信札、册页等都可入画。
3.绘制“锦灰堆”精通各种画法，能工能写。花鸟、山水、人物以及连环画等。 “锦灰堆”必须善书各种字体，真、草、隶、篆以及古印刷体，善模仿各家书体，做到惟妙惟肖、形神兼备。
4.能篆刻各类印章等杂物。
1. To draw the "Jin Hui Dui", it is necessary to use tools such as cooked rice paper, Chinese painting pigments, grinding ink, brushes, and boundary markers.
2. The debris depicted in the drawing must be broken, old, dirty, insect-eaten, burnt, or torn to show its antique and elegant charm, full of charm and elegance. Depicting the visible clutter in the study, such as ancient paintings and calligraphy, worn-out folding fans, bronze rubbings, stele rubbings, insect-infested ancient books, letters, albums, etc., can all be included in the painting.
3. Proficient in various painting techniques and able to work and write when drawing "Jin Hui Dui". Flowers and birds, landscapes, characters, comic books, etc. The "Jin Hui Dui" must be good at writing various fonts, including authentic, cursive, clerical, seal script, and ancient printing styles, and be good at imitating various calligraphy styles to achieve lifelike and both form and spirit.
4. Able to engrave various types of seals and other miscellaneous items.
5.“锦灰堆”布局奇特，看似杂乱无章，实则井然有序，有中国画的疏密聚散、浓淡干湿，更要相互映衬件件逼真。
6.“锦灰堆”中的杂物应有出处和依据。
7.画中杂物要画出破碎、翻卷、重叠、沾污、撕裂、虫蛀、火烧、烟熏等古旧貌。
8.“锦灰堆”是纯手工精心绘制而成。不许粘贴拼凑。
9.“锦灰堆”画宜小不宜大，十分费工费时，采用工兼写的画法，丝毫不能草率，一般一副作品在2-3个月完成，慢者则半年一张。
5. The layout of the "Jin Hui Dui" is peculiar, seemingly chaotic, but actually orderly, with the density, concentration, dryness, and wetness of Chinese painting, all of which need to complement each other realistically.
6. The debris in the "Jin Hui Dui" should have a source and basis.
7. The miscellaneous objects in the painting should be depicted as broken, rolled, overlapped, stained, torn, insect eaten, burned, smoked, and other ancient appearances.
8. "Jin Hui Dui" is carefully drawn by hand. Do not paste or piece together.
9. The painting of "Jin Hui Dui" should be small rather than large, which is very labour-intensive and time-consuming. It adopts a combination of work and writing techniques, and cannot be hasty at all. Generally, work is completed in 2-3 months, and for slower ones, it takes six months to complete.
非遗锦灰堆是中国传统艺术中的瑰宝之一，
具有深厚的文化内涵和艺术价值。
它不仅是画家技艺的展示，
更是对古代文人雅士书房文化的传承和发扬。
The intangible cultural heritage brocade ash pile is one of the treasures in traditional Chinese art,
Has profound cultural connotations and artistic value.
It is not only a display of the painter's skills,
It is also the inheritance and promotion of the study culture of ancient literati and scholars.
内容策划 Presented
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策划 Producer | Zoe
排版 Editor | Zoe
校对 Proof | Eve
审核 Reviewer | Eve
图片版权 Copyright | 网络
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