春节 | 非物质文化遗产

古语有云：百节年为首。

As the old saying goes: One hundred festival years first.

春节，也就是中国农历新年。其历史源远流长，是从上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀慢慢发展变化而来。在古时，“岁”属于一种收割与祭祀的工具，而“年”字的含义为庄稼成熟。人们通过各式各样的方式来庆贺手收、祭祀天地与祖先、驱赶鬼神，于是过年的习俗就逐渐形成了。

Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese Lunar New Year. Its history has a long history, from ancient times to praying for the beginning of the year slowly developed and changed. In ancient times, "year" belonged to a tool for harvesting and sacrifice, and the meaning of "year" was the ripening of crops. People through a variety of ways to celebrate the hand harvest, worship heaven and earth and ancestors, and drive away ghosts and gods, so the custom of the New Year gradually formed.

春节的命名由来，由于它标志着农历新年的开始，且这个时节正值春回大地、万物复苏之际，因此人们将其命名为“春节”，以此来庆祝新的一年的到来，以及大自然的重生和更新。这个命名也体现了中国传统文化中对于时间和自然的敬畏与尊重。

The origin the name the Spring Festival, because it marks the beginning of the Lunar New Year, and this time when spring returns to the earth and all things recover, so people named it "Spring Festival" to celebrate the arrival of the New Year, as well as the rebirth and renewal of nature. The name also reflects the reverence and respect for time and nature in traditional Chinese culture.

2024年12月4日，巴拉圭亚松森召开的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第19届常会通过评审，决定将“春节--中国人庆祝传统新年的社会实践”列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。

On December 4, 2024, the 19th ordinary session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO held in Asuncion, Paraguay, decided to include the "Spring Festival - the social practice of Chinese people celebrating the traditional New Year" in the representative list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of humanity.

春节的习俗丰富多彩，常见的有：

The customs of the Spring Festival are rich and colourful, common are: 

贴春联

贴春联也叫贴门对、春贴、对联、对子、桃符等，每逢春节，家家户户都要精选一副大红春联贴干门上，为节曰增加喜庆气氛

Paste Spring Festival scrolls.

Stick spring couplets are also called stick doors, spring paste, couplets, pairs, peach symbols, etc. Every Spring Festival, every family should choose a pair of red spring couplets stuck dry door, for the festival to increase the festive atmosphere.

年夜饭

年夜饭是家人的团圆聚餐，这顿是年尾最丰盛、最重要的一顿晚餐.吃团圆饭前先祭神祭祖，待拜祭仪式完毕后才开饭

New Year's Eve dinner

The New Year's Eve Dinner is a family reunion dinner. It is the biggest and most important dinner at the end of the year. Before eating the reunion dinner, sacrifice to God and ancestors, and eat after the worship ceremony is completed

压岁钱

压岁钱是年夜饭后长辈要将事先准备好的压岁钱派发给晚辈

Money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift

New Year's money is the New Year's money prepared in advance by the elders for the younger generation.

贴年画

每值岁末，多数地方都有张贴年画、门神以及对联的习俗，以增添节日的喜庆氛围

Put up New Year pictures

At the end of every year, most places have the custom of Posting New Year pictures, door gods and couplets to add to the festive atmosphere.

扫尘

扫尘，又称扫屋、扫房、除尘等，是中国民间过年传统习俗之一。表达迎祥纳福的美好愿望

Sweep dust

Dust sweeping, also known as house sweeping, house sweeping, dust removal, etc., is one of the traditional Chinese New Year customs. Express the good wish to welcome good luck.

春节是内涵最为深厚、内容最为丰富、参与人数最多、影响最为广泛的中国传统节日。每逢春节前后，全世界华人都会围绕着辞旧迎新、祈福纳祥、团圆和谐的主题欢庆这一佳节。

The Spring Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with the most profound connotation, the most abundant content, the largest number of participants and the most extensive influence. Before and after the Spring Festival, Chinese people all over the world will celebrate this festival around the theme of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, praying for good luck, reunion and harmony.

“春节——中国人庆祝传统新年的社会实践”为中国人共享，在全国各地广泛实践，寄托了中国人的人伦情感、家国情怀，体现了人与自然和谐共生、人与人和睦相处的价值理念，在促进家庭和睦、社会和谐、经济发展、环境保护等方面发挥着重要作用。该遗产项目列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，对增进海内外中华儿女的文化认同、践行全球文明倡议、推动构建人类命运共同体具有重要意义。

 "Spring Festival - The Social practice of Chinese people celebrating the Traditional New Year" is shared by the Chinese people and widely practised throughout the country. It embodies the Chinese people's feelings about human relations, family and country, embodies the value concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and harmonious coexistence between people, and plays an important role in promoting family harmony, social harmony, economic development and environmental protection. The inclusion of this heritage item in the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity is of great significance to enhancing the cultural identity of Chinese people at home and abroad, implementing the global civilization initiative, and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.