译者按：11月12日，《商业内幕》(The Business Insider)周刊引述俄罗斯主要报纸之一的《生意人报》(Kommersant)的报道说，由于俄罗斯对乌战争的巨额开支，俄罗斯当局决定裁减10%的政府公务员，也就是在明年7月份前，要裁减4万名公务员。
(2024年10月，普京签署法案，裁剪10%的政府公务员)
Russia is expected to lay off at
least 40,000 government officials next year, according to a report by the
Russian Kommersant newspaper. Russian President Vladimir Putin last month
ordered regional branches of federal government agencies to cut staff by 10% by
July, per the publication.据俄罗斯《生意人报》(Kommersant)报道，预计明年俄罗斯将裁减至少4万名政府公务员。据该《生意人报》报道，俄罗斯总统普京上个月下令，联邦政府机构的各州分支机构在明年7月份前裁员10%。
The layoffs were believed to be
planned for much earlier but were put on hold for several years due to Russia's
invasion of Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic. According to Kommersant, the
cuts are designed to make the civil service more efficient and raise the
salaries of existing staff.据认为，裁员计划在更早之前就已制定，但由于俄罗斯入侵乌克兰和新冠大流行，裁员计划被搁置了数年。据《生意人报》报道，裁员的目的是为了提高公务员制度的效率，并提高现有员工的工资。
Russia's official wage
statistics, published in January, showed wages in the private sector rose by 8%
to 20% last year.今年1月份公布的俄罗斯官方工资统计数据显示，去年私营部门的工资增长了8%至20%。
The cuts would also allow more
people to enter Russia's labor market which is experiencing a widespread
shortage of workers amid Russia's invasion of Ukraine.裁员还将使更多的人流向俄罗斯的劳动力市场，在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的过程中，俄罗斯的劳动力市场普遍缺少人手。
According to an estimate from the
Russian Academy of Science's Institute of Economics, Russia was short a record
5 million workers at the end of 2023. Workers have been pulled into the Ukraine
war or forced to flee after Putin enacted a major mobilization to increase
wartime recruitment.据俄罗斯科学院经济研究所估计，到2023年底，俄罗斯短缺500万名劳工，创历史纪录。在普京颁布大规模动员令以增加战时征兵后，劳工们被强征加入乌克兰战争或被迫逃离。
Russia has turned to migrant and
prison labor to supplement its workforce, but those aren't sustainable
solutions to its population problem, according to a report by Harley Balzer, a
professor emeritus at Georgetown University. Last year, Russian Central Bank
Governor Elvira Nabiullina warned that continued workforce depletion would
threaten Russian economic growth.乔治敦大学(Georgetown University)荣誉教授巴尔泽(Harley Balzer)在一份报告中指出，为了补充劳动力，俄罗斯已把目光转向移民和监狱劳工，但这些都不是解决人口问题的可持续办法。去年，俄罗斯中央银行行长纳比乌琳娜(Elvira Nabiullina)警告说，劳动力的持续流失将威胁到俄罗斯的经济增长。
However, so far, Russia's economy
has held up partly because of its war spending, which has boosted growth
despite soaring inflation and high interest rates.然而，到目前为止，俄罗斯经济之所以能够保持强劲，部分原因在于其战争开支，尽管通胀飙升、利率高企，但战争支出还是推动了经济增长。
Inflation hit 9.8% in September,
and potatoes, which are a staple of Russian diets, saw a 64% increase in price
this year. Russia is expected to spend $140 billion on its defense industry in
2024 and up to $145 billion in 2025, or 6.3% of its GDP.9月份通货膨胀率达到9.8%，作为俄罗斯人主食的土豆今年价格上涨了64%。预计2024年俄罗斯国防工业支出将达到1400亿美元，2025年将达到1450亿美元，占国内生产总值的6.3%。 (喜欢就请关注)
