美东时间周四晚间，美国前总统特朗普在密尔沃基的共和党全国代表大会上，正式接受总统候选人提名。回顾枪击案，特朗普说：“我站在你们面前，是受到全能上帝的恩典。”特朗普说，“当时到处都是鲜血，但在某种程度上，我感到非常安全，因为上帝站在我这边。”
此前，7月15日，美国前总统特朗普宣布，将俄亥俄州联邦参议员J.D.Vance作为其竞选搭档，即副总统候选人，参加2024年的总统大选。川普点名的副总统候选人JD Vance究竟何许人？他又是凭借怎样的履历走到如今的位置呢？让我们来了解一下吧。
Source：the-express.com
今天的外刊节选自CBS News，共计1134词，预计阅读时间11分钟。
通过这次的外刊，你将收获：
○关于美国总统大选的专有名词和表达
○长难句的拆解
希望你在阅读全文后能够回答以下问题：
○J.D.Vance的生平履历如何？
○J.D.Vance对特朗普的态度经历过哪些阶段？
○文中提到前任副总统Pence和特朗普之间出现了什么矛盾？
外刊解析
Trump picks Sen. JD Vance as VP running mate for 2024 election
Former President Donald Trump has chosen Sen. JD Vance of Ohio to be his vice presidential running mate this November. Trump announced his VP pick on social media just before he was to accept the presidential nomination at the in Milwaukee on Monday.
A source familiar with Vance's selection told CBS News that Vance flew privately to Mar a Lago to meet with Trump Saturday morning. He received the call from Trump asking him to be his running mate 20 minutes before the former president announced his selection on social media.
Trump said in his social media post, "After lengthy deliberation and thought, and considering the tremendous talents of many others, I have decided that the person best suited to assume the position of Vice President of the United States is Senator J.D. Vance of the Great State of Ohio."
Source：the-express.com
He said of Vance that he had "honorably served our Country in the Marine Corps, graduated from Ohio State University in two years, Summa Cum Laude, and is a Yale Law School Graduate, where he was Editor of The Yale Law Journal, and President of the Yale Law Veterans Association."
The former president noted that Vance's book, "Hillbilly Elegy," was a bestseller that "championed the hardworking men and women of our Country." And he pointed to Vance's previous career as a venture capitalist.
A source familiar with Vance's selection told CBS News that Vance flew privately to Mar a Lago to meet with Trump Saturday morning. He received the call from Trump asking him to be his running mate 20 minutes before the the former president announced his selection on social media.
Vance, who is just 39, is half Trump's age, is one of the youngest men to be a vice presidential nominee and is political neophyte, a first-term senator who's only been in office for about a year and a half.
Sources confirmed before Vance's selection was announced that Florida Sen. Marco Rubio and North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum, who were also considered to be top contenders for the No. 2 job, were informed that they had not been chosen. Upon the announcement that Vance was the pick, Burgum said in a social media post that his "small town roots and service to country make him a powerful voice for the America First Agenda."
Source：foxbusiness.com
Although Vance wasn't at the Pennsylvania rally where a shooter made an attempt on the former president's life, the senator expressed his concern and support for the president from Ohio. He also shared fundraising information for the families of those who were killed or injured at the rally.
"Courageous, United, and Defiant. This is leadership," Vance wrote on X over the weekend after Trump asked Americans to remain "resilient" in their faith and "defiant in the face of wickedness."
The Trump campaign released a campaign video showing clips of Vance appearing on the campaign trail with Trump, and his TV appearances and concluded it with the Trump-Vance campaign logo.
Vance has frequently joined Trump on the campaign trail and was long considered to be on the shortlist of VP contenders. Vance and his wife, Usha, were spotted leaving their Ohio home Monday morning, a sign that Vance might be the pick.
Source：Senate.gov
Ohio has been a reliably Republican-dominated state in recent elections, although the senior senator from the state, Sherrod Brown, is a Democrat and is also up for reelection this year. But Trump has focused less on choosing a running mate from a key battleground state and more on the qualities in a candidate that matter most to him.
Trump has prioritized picking a running mate who would be loyal to him and support him publicly, as Vance has increasingly done through the years.
Initially, though, Vance harshly criticized Trump and was an avowed "Never-Trump guy." Earlier this year, Fox News' Bett Baier confronted Vance with some of his previous statements, including comments that Trump could be "America's Hitler" and "cultural heroin." Vance told Baier he was "wrong" about Trump.
"I think you should, when you are wrong about something, you should change your mind and be honest with people about that fact," Vance said in the interview.
Source：skynews
Vance grew up in challenging circumstances, largely raised by his grandparents before going on to college and law school at Yale.
Now one of Trump's most vocal allies, Vance defended the former president during his criminal trial in Manhattan, including after his conviction on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records for "hush money" payments.
"The entire purpose of this trial was to allow the media and the Democrats to say exactly that," Vance told CNN after the New York verdict. "This was never about justice, this is about plastering 'convicted felon' all over the airwaves when in reality the only thing that Donald Trump is guilty of is being in the courtroom of a political sham trial."
Asked in a June interview on "Face the Nation" about his interest in the vice presidency and his relatively brief experience in the Senate, Vance said, "In 18 months … we've done a lot of good work for our constituents."
Vance represents a departure from Mike Pence, who was Trump's vice president in his first two presidential nominations. Vance has said in the past that he would have refused to certify the election on Jan. 6, 2020, if he had been in Pence's position.
"If I had been vice president, I would have told the states, like Pennsylvania, Georgia and so many others that we needed to have multiple slates of electors," he told ABC News in early February, "and I think the U.S. Congress should have fought over it from there. That is the legitimate way to deal with an election that a lot of folks, including me, think had a lot of problems in 2020. I think that's what we should have done."
Source：the New Yorker
In 2020, Trump pressured Pence, who presided over the joint session of Congress that affirmed the results of the presidential election, to refuse to certify the electoral votes that showed Joe Biden had won. Pence did not agree to do so, concluding that his role was ceremonial, and he ultimately announced that Mr. Biden had won — after an attack on the Capitol that day. Since then, Trump has continued to publicly claim that Pence "did have the right to change the outcome."
The job of the vice president is to read the results of each state according to the the 12th Amendment. The Electoral Count Act of 1877, the other law concerning the certification of votes, does not give vice presidents the power to overturn the vote either. Numerous legal experts have denied that there is any interpretation of these laws that would have given Pence the power to reject the outcome of the election on January 6.
Source: CBS News
Author: Kathryn Watson
Date: July 15th, 2024
生词拓展：
1. deliberation
英音/dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn/ 美音/dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn/
[N] Deliberation is the process of carefully considering or discussing something. 深思熟虑；商议
例句：
After much deliberation, they decided to approve the proposal.
经过深思熟虑，他们决定批准该提案。
2. neophyte
英音/ˈniːəfaɪt/ 美音/ˈniːəfaɪt/
[N] A neophyte is someone who is new to a subject, skill, or belief. 新手；初学者
例句：
As a neophyte in the world of programming, he had a lot to learn.
作为编程领域的新手，他还有很多要学的东西。
3. contender
英音/kənˈtendə(r)/ 美音/kənˈtendər/
[N] A contender is someone who competes with others to achieve something. 竞争者；角逐者
例句：
She is a leading contender for the championship title.
她是冠军头衔的主要竞争者。
4. defiant
英音/dɪˈfaɪənt/ 美音/dɪˈfaɪənt/
[ADJ] If someone is defiant, they show resistance or bold disobedience. 反抗的；挑衅的
例句：
The defiant child refused to follow the rules.
这个反抗的孩子拒绝遵守规则。
5. plaster
英音/ˈplɑːstə(r)/ 美音/ˈplæstər/
[N] Plaster is a soft mixture of lime with sand or cement and water for spreading on walls, ceilings, or other structures to form a smooth hard surface when dried. 石膏；灰泥
例句：
They used plaster to repair the cracks in the wall.
他们用石膏修补墙上的裂缝。
[V] If you plaster something, you cover it thickly or heavily. 厚厚地涂抹；覆盖
例句：
They plastered posters all over the walls.
他们把海报贴满了墙壁。
知识卡：
Hillbilly Elegy《乡下人的悲歌》
在《乡下人的悲歌》中，J.D. 万斯真实讲述了社会、地区和阶层衰落会给一生下来就深陷其中的人带来什么样的影响。万斯的外祖父母从肯塔基州的阿巴拉契亚地区向北迁居到俄亥俄州，希望逃离那可怕的贫穷。他们通过努力跻身中产阶层，最后他们的外孙从耶鲁法学院毕业，这是传统意义上成功实现一代人向上流动的标志。
但是随着家族故事慢慢发展，我们发现万斯的外祖父母、阿姨、叔叔、姐姐，以及最重要的他的母亲，都在极力适应中产阶级生活的要求，却从没完全逃离过药物滥用、酗酒、贫穷和精神创伤。万斯便是在这样混乱又令人心碎的环境中成长，但也是这群“乡下人”的爱与忠诚，使他取得了今日的成就。
然而综合来看，像作者一样成功脱离贫困的案例，屈指可数。大多数的美国白人蓝领仍旧摆脱不了世袭的贫穷与困顿，仿佛是一条与生俱来的枷锁，牢牢套在他们的脖子上。究竟是什么样的原因，让他们无法在美国这个以自由为豪的国度中，找到合适的出路？
《乡下人的悲歌》是一部极其动人的回忆录，包含了栩栩如生的人物形象和诸多幽默元素，记述了向上流动到底是怎样的感觉，也对一大批人丧失美国梦的现象作了思考。这本书同时也是一部深刻的社会评论，通过作者的成长故事与经历，以“局内人”的角度，带领我们以更宏观的视野，深入探视美国蓝领阶层所面临的困境与危机。
（Source: 豆瓣）
Source：http://bookshop.blackwell.co.uk/
重难点解析：
1. Sources confirmed before Vance's selection was announced that Florida Sen. Marco Rubio and North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum, who were also considered to be top contenders for the No. 2 job, were informed that they had not been chosen.
译文：
消息人士在宣布万斯的提名之前证实，佛罗里达州参议员卢比奥和北达科他州州长伯格姆也被认为是二号人选的有力竞争者，但他们被告知没有被选中。
解析：
这句话中的sources是主语，谓语动词是confirmed，before Vance's selection was announced是时间状语，that引导宾语从句充当句子的宾语。其中，that一句后面又衔接了who引导的定语从句，补充说明这两位候选人的情况——曾经被认为是副总统的有力竞争者。这里面的“No.2 job”结合上下文就是副总统的意思，其权力地位仅次于总统。一般来说总统候选人的副手在候选人胜出后就会成为副总统，所以文中这样说。
2. Trump has prioritized picking a running mate who would be loyal to him and support him publicly, as Vance has increasingly done through the years.
译文：
特朗普首选的竞选伙伴要忠于他，并且公开支持他，而万斯多年以来正在不断强化这些做法。
解析：
本句话中，who引导了一个定语从句，先行词是a running mate，表示“忠于他并公开支持他的”竞选伙伴。As引导的又是一个非限定性定语从句，表示“这就是万斯在做的”，其中increasingly作为副词修饰done，用单个词体现出了“逐渐深入地做某件事”的含义，放在句中更显简洁有力。
3. In 2020, Trump pressured Pence, who presided over the joint session of Congress that affirmed the results of the presidential election, to refuse to certify the electoral votes that showed Joe Biden had won.
译文：
2020年，特朗普向主持确认总统选举结果的国会联席会议的彭斯施压，要求他拒绝认证让乔·拜登获胜的选举人票。
解析：
Pressure作为名词是“压力”的意思，作为动词表示“对……施压”。整句话中有三个定语从句，分别以Pence、the joint session of Congress和the electoral votes为先行词，在后面衔接定语从句进行详细解释和说明。
今天的外刊内容到这里就结束了~
大选仍在继续，万斯的加入会带来哪些火花呢？让我们拭目以待吧。
喜欢"有译思"外刊精读栏目的小伙伴可以在下周同一时间继续关注我们，下周见！
往期内容：
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