美国历史上只有四个人作为现任副总统赢得了总统选举

中文翻译：

副总统卡马拉·哈里斯在不到48小时内跃升为民主党的初步总统候选人，这是美国政治史上前所未有的事件。

如果她在11月获胜，那也将是一个非常罕见的情况。

在美国历史上，只有四位现任副总统赢得过总统选举。

Forty-nine people have been vice presidents. Fifteen of them also became presidents.

四十九人担任过副总统。其中15人还成为了总统

注：一些副总统在同一年就担任了总统（哈里·杜鲁门和切斯特·阿瑟）。还有一些副总统在成为副总统的同一年去世（托马斯·亨德里克斯和威廉·金）。乔治·克林顿和约翰·卡尔霍恩则在不同的总统任期下连任。

来源：美国参议院；CNN报道；白宫历史协会（照片）

图表：马特·斯泰尔斯，瑞妮·里格登和丽贝卡·赖特，CNN

CNN-

Two of those races, from more than 200 years ago, featured Founding Fathers running in a different election system.

Back then, the vice president was the runner-up in the presidential election. The bitter elections of 1796, which was won by John Adams, and 1800, which ended in a tie and was decided when the House of Representatives picked Thomas Jefferson, led to the adoption of the 12th Amendment, after which electors voted for president and vice president as separate positions.

A few decades later, in 1836, Vice President Martin Van Buren, who was known as the “Little Magician” for his short stature, won the race to succeed two-term populist President Andrew Jackson. Van Buren was the first president born after the Declaration of Independence. Bank failures and a financial collapse marred his presidency, and Van Buren lost his bid for reelection in 1840 and also failed in an attempted comeback with a third party years later.

And that was it for nearly 150 years. Vice presidents became president after the death of multiple presidents and the resignation of one, but no other person won the White House from the vice presidency until 1988, with George H.W. Bush, who succeeded two-term President Ronald Reagan.

The current president, Joe Biden, was vice president under Barack Obama, but he did not run to succeed Obama – which we’re learning created some frustration on Biden’s part when Hillary Clinton lost to Donald Trump in 2016.

If Harris loses this year, she will have to endure one of the most humbling experiences in US politics, overseeing the counting of electoral votes in her role as vice president for a presidential election she lost. Three other vice presidents have endured this indignity, all in extremely contentious circumstances.

In 1861, Vice President John Breckinridge oversaw the counting of electoral votes that made Abraham Lincoln president, at a time when Southern states seceded from the country rather than accept Lincoln’s 1860 victory.

Vice President Richard Nixon narrowly lost the 1960 election to John F. Kennedy and oversaw the counting of electoral votes in 1961. Nixon would return to victory eight years later. Vice President Al Gore won the popular vote but lost the election in 2000 after a controversial Supreme Court decision, and he oversaw the counting of electoral votes in 2001 that made Bush’s son, George W. Bush, president.

中文翻译：

当时，副总统是总统选举的亚军。1796年的激烈选举由约翰·亚当斯获胜，1800年则以平局结束，最后由众议院选出了托马斯·杰斐逊，这导致了第十二修正案的通过，之后选举人分别投票选举总统和副总统。

几十年后，在1836年，副总统马丁·范布伦因个子矮小被称为“小魔法师”，赢得了接替连任两届的平民总统安德鲁·杰克逊的竞争。范布伦是独立宣言后出生的第一位总统。他的总统任期受到银行倒闭和金融崩溃的影响，1840年连任失败，几年后尝试以第三方身份东山再起也未能成功。

现任总统乔·拜登曾在巴拉克·奥巴马任内担任副总统，但他并没有竞选接替奥巴马——据说这让拜登感到沮丧，因为希拉里·克林顿在2016年输给了唐纳德·特朗普。

1861年，副总统约翰·布雷金里奇监督了选举人票的计数，这使得亚伯拉罕·林肯成为总统，当时南方州份宁愿脱离国家也不愿意接受林肯1860年的胜利。

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