美国迪士尼的潜在罢工、韩国三星罢工、加拿大西捷航空罢工，在复杂的劳动关系中，“罢工”这一术语成为集体行动的有力象征。罢工是员工们，通常是由共同的不满所驱动，拒绝劳动以发表声明并给雇主或政府施加压力的时刻。
词汇 Strike(罢工)的解释：
“Strike”这个词在英语中有几个含义，但在讨论罢工时，它主要指的是工人为了争取更好的工作条件、工资或其他权益而停止工作的一种集体行动。
除了罢工，"strike"在其他上下文中还可以指击打、攻击、突然发生的事件等。
作为名词：“The workers are on strike.”（工人们正在罢工。）
作为动词：“The workers decided to strike for better wages.”（工人们决定罢工以争取更高的工资。）
strike 的相关词汇：
Striker：罢工者，参加罢工的工人。
Strike action：罢工行动，指违约性停止工作以向雇主施加压力的过程。
2024 年 7 月 8 日，全国三星电子工会成员在该公司位于华城的代工和半导体工厂外开始为期三天的总罢工。郑妍济/法新社/盖蒂图片社
进一步了解罢工：
1. Understanding Strikes 理解罢工
A strike is a form of protest where workers collectively refuse to work in order to achieve specific goals, such as better wages, improved working conditions, or to protest against unfair labor practices. Strikes can be organized by labor unions or initiated by workers themselves and are often the result of failed negotiations or an impasse in discussions.
罢工是一种抗议形式，工人们集体拒绝工作以实现特定目标，如更好的工资、改善的工作条件或抗议不公平的劳动实践。罢工可以由工会组织或由工人自己发起，通常是谈判失败或讨论陷入僵局的结果。
2. The Historical Context 历史背景
Historically, strikes have been a critical tool in the labor movement, contributing to significant reforms in worker rights and conditions. The early labor unions used strikes to combat the exploitation of workers during the Industrial Revolution, leading to the establishment of fair working hours, the end of child labor, and the introduction of minimum wage laws.
历史上，罢工一直是劳工运动中的关键工具，为工人权利和条件的重大改革做出了贡献。早期的工会利用罢工来对抗工业革命期间对工人的剥削，导致建立了公平的工作时间、结束了童工现象，并引入了最低工资法。
3. The Dynamics of Strikes 罢工的动态
The decision to strike is not taken lightly. It involves a careful assessment of the potential benefits against the risks, which can include loss of income for workers, damage to the company's reputation, and the broader economic repercussions. Strikes can be categorized into several types, including wildcat strikes, which are spontaneous and unorganized; official strikes, sanctioned by unions; and sympathy strikes, where workers in one industry support those in another.
罢工的决定不是轻率做出的。它涉及对潜在利益与风险的仔细评估，可能包括工人的收入损失、公司声誉的损害以及更广泛的经济影响。罢工可以分为几种类型，包括自发和无组织的野猫罢工；由工会批准的官方罢工；以及同情罢工，即一个行业的工人支持另一个行业的工人。
4. The Socio-Economic Impact 社会经济影响
The impact of a strike is multifaceted. For workers, it can be a means to an end, providing a platform to voice their demands and seek redress. For employers, it serves as a signal that changes are necessary to maintain a productive workforce. The economy, too, can be affected as strikes in key industries can disrupt supply chains, affect consumer confidence, and lead to financial losses.
罢工的影响是多方面的。对工人来说，它可以是达到目的的手段，提供一个表达他们要求和寻求补救的平台。对雇主来说，它是一个信号，表明需要进行改变以维持一个有生产力的劳动力。经济也可能受到影响，因为关键行业的罢工可能会扰乱供应链、影响消费者信心并导致财务损失。
5. The Legal and Ethical Considerations 法律和伦理考量
The legality of strikes varies from country to country and is often regulated by labor laws. Ethically, a strike can be seen as a legitimate exercise of workers' rights to fair labor practices and self-representation. However, the potential harm to innocent parties, such as consumers who may face shortages or service disruptions, can complicate the ethical landscape.
罢工的合法性因国家而异，通常由劳动法规定。从伦理上讲，罢工可以被视为工人行使公平劳动实践和自我代表权利的合法行为。然而，对无辜方的潜在伤害，如可能面临短缺或服务中断的消费者，可能会使伦理景观复杂化。
6. The Way Forward 前进的道路
As society continues to evolve, so too must our understanding and approach to strikes. It is essential to find a balance that respects the rights of workers while considering the broader implications for business and the economy. Dialogue, negotiation, and compromise are key to resolving labor disputes and maintaining a harmonious work environment.
随着社会的不断发展，我们对罢工的理解和方法也必须不断进步。找到一种尊重工人权利同时考虑对商业和经济更广泛影响的平衡至关重要。对话、谈判和妥协是解决劳资纠纷和维护和谐工作环境的关键。
2024 年 7 月 17 日，在美国加利福尼亚州阿纳海姆，Teamsters 工会和迪士尼演员在迪士尼乐园外的集会上要求公平工资，工人们举着标语聚集在一起。大卫·斯旺森/路透社
罢工作为一种抗议形式，是团结和集体谈判力量的证明。虽然它们可能会造成破坏，但它们也作为变革的催化剂，推动劳动法和条件的改进。
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