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上期划线句答案
“If validated, our findings suggest that interventions to slow biological aging could be a new avenue for cancer prevention, and screening efforts tailored to younger individuals with signs of accelerated aging could help detect cancers early,” she added.
“如果这一发现得到证实，我们的研究表明，减缓生物学衰老的干预措施可能成为癌症预防的一个新渠道，针对有加速衰老迹象的年轻人进行筛查，也有助于早期发现癌症，”她补充道。
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本期内容
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双语阅读
Para.1
The Evaporative Cooling Effect describes the phenomenon that high value contributors leave a community because they cannot gain something from it, which leads to the decrease of the quality of the community. Since the people most likely to join a community are those whose quality is below the average quality of the community, these newcomers are very likely to harm the quality of the community. With the expansion of community, it is very hard to maintain the quality of the community. In this article, the author proposes four examples of Evaporative Cooling Effect, and also gives some advice on how to minimize the influence of Evaporative Cooling Effect.
Para.2
First of all, the author argues that openness is a major factor contributing to Evaporative Cooling Effect. When a community is initially founded, the members of that community are those who are willing to spend plenty of time in the community. After more and more new members joining the community, the rate of high quality contributors will be diluted, which leads to the decrease of the quality of the community. In my opinion, during the expansion of a community, the trend of “Evaporative Cooling” is inevitable, so trying to slow down this trend is a wiser choice. The author proposes some possible ways to slow down the trend in the following examples.
Para.3
In the second example, the author mentions some methods to fight against the Evaporative Cooling Effect. Social Gating is a typical one. In some community, there is a powerful force called Social Gating that help to maintain the quality of the community. Some kind of Social Gating prevents users without some relevant basic knowledge in the area from entering the community; others frequently cancels user accounts that are not active for a long time. Besides Social Gating, charging money is also a popular method for maintaining the quality of a community, because only those who are really interested in the community are willing to pay for staying at it. The third method mentioned by author to fight against Evaporative Cooling Effect is the way of communication between participants. In some communities, people have their own way of communication, which produces a kind of barrier that prevents ordinary people from coming in.
Para.4
In the third example, the author mentions the last method of slowing down the Evaporative Cooling Effect—giving high status to special contributors of the community. High value participants have recognition and reputation in the community, and others respect them, so they have no incentive to leave the community, which decelerates the process of Evaporative Cooling.
Para.5
In the fourth example, two patterns named “plaza” and “warrens” are the fundamental elements of social space. Generally speaking, plaza are public while warrens are private. Plaza are easy to expand, because people can see what is going on in the community and decide whether to join the community. On the contrary, warrens are personalized contents in social network, which makes they scale free. Therefore, communities that have a plaza-like structure are easy to expand, thus suffering more from Evaporative Cooling Effect, while communities having warren-like structure are not very scalable, but more stable. A successful social network should somehow combining those two structures, taking both scalability and stability into account.
本文节选自：Blogs.Cornell.Edu
发布时间：2015.10.14
作者：Unknown
原文标题：The Evaporative Cooling Effect in Social Network
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写作句总结
原句：A successful social network should somehow combining those two structures, taking both scalability and stability into account.
结构：A successful X should somehow combine Y and Z, taking both A and B into account.
例句：A successful educational program should somehow combine theory and practice, taking both student engagement and academic rigor into account.
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阅读理解题
Based on the context of the article, which of the following is the MOST likely reason for implementing Social Gating in a community?
A. To encourage more users to join the community regardless of their knowledge level.
B. To quickly expand the community's user base.
C. To maintain a certain level of quality and relevance among community members.
D. To create a communication barrier to confuse new users.
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全文概括
The text discusses the "Evaporative Cooling Effect," where high-value members leave online communities, degrading their quality. This is caused by an influx of lower-quality members diluting the community's overall value. The author proposes strategies to mitigate this effect, including social gating (restricting access), charging for membership, fostering specialized communication, and recognizing high-value contributors. Finally, the text analyzes community structures, contrasting easily scalable "plaza"-like spaces with more stable, but less scalable, "warren"-like spaces, suggesting a hybrid approach for optimal community health.
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