快⬆️⬆️点击上方蓝字关注并星标这个公众号，一起涨姿势～
词数：477 words
难度：★★☆☆☆
小贴士：
获取本文及2024年外刊合集，可以在公众号后台对话框中回复“合集”或者“PDF”，或点击文末左下角蓝色的“阅读原文”跳转获取。
——大橙子留
✦ +
+
上期划线句答案
Lead’s impacts on cognitive development are estimated to cause nearly US$1 trillion of income loss in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) each year.
铅对人认知发展会造成影响，在低收入和中等收入国家估计每年导致约1万亿美元的收入损失。
✦ +
+
本期内容
◆
双语阅读
Para.1
Birth order refers to the order a child is born in relation to their siblings, such as whether they are first-born, middle-born, or last-born. You’ve probably heard people joke about how the eldest child is the bossy one, the middle child is the peace-maker, and the youngest child is the irresponsible rebel—but is there any truth to these stereotypes? Psychologists often look at how birth order can affect development, behavior patterns, and personality characteristics, and there is some evidence that birth order might play a role in certain aspects of personality. Early in the 20th century, the Austrian psychiatrist Alfred Adler introduced the idea that birth order could impact development and personality.
Para.2
Adler's birth order theory suggests that firstborns get more attention and time from their parents. New parents are still learning about child-rearing, which means that they may be more rule-oriented, strict, cautious, and sometimes even neurotic. Firstborn children are often described as:
Leaders
High-achieving (or sometimes even over-achieving)
Structured and organized
Responsible
Mature
All this extra attention firstborns enjoy changes abruptly when younger siblings come along. When you become an older sibling, you suddenly have to share your parent's attention. You may feel that your parents have higher expectations for you and look to you to set an example for your younger siblings. Consider the experiences of the oldest siblings, who are frequently tasked with caring for younger siblings. Because they are often expected to help fill the role of caregivers, they may be more nurturing, responsible, and motivated to excel.
Para.3
Adler suggested that middle children tend to become the family’s peacemaker since they often have to mediate conflicts between older and younger siblings. Because they tend to be overshadowed by their eldest siblings, middle children may seek social attention outside of the family. Middleborns are often described as:
Independent
Peacemakers
People pleasers
Outgoing
Adaptable
Attention-seeking
Jealous
Competitive
Insecure
While they tend to be adaptable and independent, they can also have a rebellious streak that tends to emerge when they want to stand apart from their siblings. Some research suggests that middle children may be more sensitive to rejection. As a middle child, you may feel like you didn't get as much attention and were constantly in competition with your siblings. You may struggle with feelings of insecurity, fear of rejection, and poor self-confidence.
Para.4
Lastborns, often referred to as the "babies" of the family, are often seen as spoiled and pampered compared to their older siblings. Because parents are more experienced at this point (and much busier), they often take a more laissez-faire approach to parenting. Last-born children are sometimes described as:
Outgoing
Fun-loving
Charming
Free-spirited
Immature
Manipulative
Self-centered
Dependent
Risk-taking
Adler's theory suggests that the youngest children tend to be outgoing, sociable, and charming. While they often have more freedom to explore, they also often feel overshadowed by their elder siblings, referred to as "youngest child syndrome."
本文节选自：very well mind
发布时间：2024.1.22
作者：Kendra Cherry
原文标题：How Does Birth Order Shape Your Personality?
◆
写作句总结
原句：Consider the experiences of the oldest siblings, who are frequently tasked with caring for younger siblings.
结构：Consider the experiences of X, who are frequently tasked with Y.
例句：Consider the contributions of teammates, who are frequently tasked with supporting each other.
◆
阅读理解题
According to the text, what is a common characteristic of middle children, especially when compared to their older siblings?
A. They are more likely to be leaders in their families. B. They tend to seek social attention outside of the family.
C. They are generally more responsible and mature.
D. They usually receive more attention from their parents.
◆
全文概括
Alfred Adler's birth order theory proposes that a child's position within the family significantly impacts their personality development. Firstborns, receiving initial undivided parental attention, often become responsible and high-achieving, though this changes with the arrival of siblings. Middle children, striving for recognition, may become peacemakers and adapt easily, but can also experience insecurity and competitiveness. Last-borns, often indulged, tend to be outgoing and charming but might exhibit immaturity and dependence. These are generalized tendencies, and individual experiences greatly vary.
◆
打卡作业
翻译文章中的划线句，文末留言打卡，下期推送会在文章开头处公布参考翻译答案，大家一起来学习英语吧~
翻译 | 大橙子
校对 | 慢慢
词汇词组 | 胖葛柔儿
划线句讲解 | 流木
写作句总结 | 大橙子
免责声明：本文来自网络公开资料，仅供学习交流，其观点和倾向不代表本公众号立场。
