Donald Tusk has thrown European migration policy into turmoil with a surprise decision to suspend the right to asylum in Poland, days ahead of an EU leaders’ summit where the issue is set to dominate.

唐纳德•图斯克(Donald Tusk)在欧盟领导人峰会召开前几天突然决定暂停波兰的避难权，从而使欧洲移民政策陷入混乱。就在数天后，将召开一场欧盟领导人峰会，届时这个问题将成为主要议题。

The Polish prime minister was the latest EU leader to announce unilateral curbs on migration, after Chancellor Olaf Scholz earlier this month introduced checks at all German border controls in a move France has since said it wants to replicate. Warsaw’s decision risks further damaging a fragile consensus on migration and asylum policy among the bloc’s 27 member states which is already being challenged by resurgent far-right parties across the continent.

本月早些时候，德国总理奥拉夫•朔尔茨(Olaf Scholz)在德国所有边境检查站实施了检查措施，法国随后表示希望效仿这一举措，波兰总理是最新一位宣布单方面限制移民的欧盟领导人。华沙的决定有可能进一步破坏欧盟27个成员国在移民和避难政策上达成的脆弱共识，而这一共识已经受到了整个欧洲大陆复苏的极右翼政党的挑战。

On Monday evening, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen wrote to EU leaders laying out what she said were “European solutions for a European challenge” of tackling increased irregular migration.

周一晚上，欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉•冯德莱恩致信欧盟领导人，阐述了她所说的“欧洲应对欧洲挑战的解决方案”，即应对日益增加的非正常移民。

——本文2024年10月15日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Donald Tusk rekindles EU migration debate

A strong US economy and mixed inflation data support a more gradual pace of interest rate cuts following a big reduction by the country’s central bank last month, a top official at the Federal Reserve said on Monday.

美联储一名高级官员周一表示，美国强劲的经济增长和喜忧参半的通胀数据支持美联储在上月大幅降息后采取更加渐进的降息方式。

“I view the totality of the data as saying monetary policy should proceed with more caution on the pace of rate cuts than was needed at the September meeting,” governor Christopher Waller said in prepared remarks at an event hosted by the Hoover Institution at Stanford University.

美联储理事克里斯托弗•沃勒(Christopher Waller)在斯坦福大学胡佛研究所(Hoover Institution)主办的活动上发表了事先准备好的讲话：“我认为整体数据表明，货币政策在降息步伐方面应比9月份会议更加谨慎。”

The Fed lowered its benchmark interest rate at its last meeting by a larger-than-usual half-point to 4.75-5 per cent, citing a need to “recalibrate” monetary policy in light of retreating US inflation and slower jobs growth.

美联储在上次会议上将基准利率大幅下调了0.5个百分点，至4.75-5%，理由是鉴于美国通胀回落和就业增长放缓，需要“重新调整”货币政策。

——本文2024年10月15日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Federal Reserve’s Waller calls for more caution on interest rate cuts after ‘disappointing’ data

I never used to look at airline route maps too closely. But now, when I journey from one peaceful country to another, I take a keener interest in where exactly we are flying over.

我以前从来不会仔细看航空公司的航线图。但现在，当我从一个和平国家飞往另一个和平国家时，我会更关心飞机飞越了哪些国家。

On a flight from London to New Delhi last week, I noticed with incredulity that the route map suggested that we were passing between Donetsk in eastern Ukraine and Crimea. The flight then took us over Russia (this was Air India), then just north of Iran, then over Afghanistan — and finally on to India.

上周，在从伦敦飞往新德里的航班上，我难以置信地发现，航线图似乎显示飞机正在乌克兰东部的顿涅茨克与克里米亚之间的上空飞行。然后，飞机先后飞越了俄罗斯（我搭乘的是印度航空(Air India)的航班）、伊朗北部和阿富汗领空，最后到达印度。

Journalists like to talk about “trouble spots”. But the journey from western Europe to India felt like a trip between two “safe spots” separated by a sea of troubles.

新闻从业人员喜欢谈论“麻烦地带”。但从西欧到印度的旅程感觉像是在两个“安全地带”之间的旅行，中间是一片麻烦之海。

——本文2024年10月15日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 While Europe frets, India expects

Young people are a nation’s greatest asset. As societies grow older, youth are relied upon to enter work, pay taxes and rear the next generation. But in an international labour market, talent retention is hard work for governments let alone businesses. 

青年是一个国家最宝贵的财富。随着社会的老龄化，青年是就业、纳税和培养下一代的依靠。但在国际劳动力市场上，留住人才对政府来说都是一项艰巨的工作，更不用说企业了。

In the EU’s single market, it is particularly cut-throat. Many southern and eastern European economies — including Portugal, Italy, Poland and Romania — often see their youngest and most educated up sticks for the bloc’s more prosperous, and higher paying, northern economies. Plenty have not returned, hollowing out economies back home. The brain drain is, according to former Italian prime minister Enrico Letta, the “dark side” of the EU’s freedom of movement. 

在欧盟的单一市场上，这种情况尤为残酷。许多南欧和东欧经济体，包括葡萄牙、意大利、波兰和罗马尼亚，经常看到本国最年轻、受教育程度最高的人才被吸引到集团中更繁荣、薪酬更高的北方经济体。很多人没有回国，导致本国经济空洞化。意大利前总理恩里科•莱塔认为，人才外流是欧盟自由流动的“阴暗面”。

Last week, Portugal decided to take matters into its own hands. The minority government of Prime Minister Luís Montenegro unveiled an imaginative budget proposal to turn the country into a low-tax haven for young adults, offering a decade of tax breaks to those starting their careers. Under the plan, those aged 35 and under who earn up to €28,000 would pay no income tax for the first year. Tax relief would then be tapered over the next 10 years. Foreigners would also be able to benefit. 

上周，葡萄牙决定自行采取行动。路易斯•蒙特内格罗总理领导的少数派政府公布了一项富有想象力的预算提案，将葡萄牙打造成年轻人的低税天堂，为初入职场的年轻人提供长达十年的税收减免。根据该计划，年龄在35岁及以下、收入不超过2.8万欧元的人第一年将无需缴纳所得税。在接下来的10年中，税收减免将逐渐减少。外国人也能从中受益。

——本文2024年10月15日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Portugal’s bold plan to win back youth