For Europe’s nationalists and populists, the imminent return of Donald Trump to the White House feels like the arrival of the US cavalry over the horizon.

对欧洲的民族主义者和民粹主义者来说，唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)即将重返白宫，感觉就像美国的骑兵已经出现在地平线上。

Viktor Orbán, Hungary’s prime minister, has been accused of undermining his country’s democracy by the European Commission and the Biden administration. He hailed Trump’s victory as a sign that: “History has accelerated . . . The world is going to change.” In the Netherlands, Geert Wilders, the leader of the Freedom party, rejoiced that: “Patriots are winning elections all over the world.” In Russia, Alexander Dugin, a pro-Putin ideologue exulted that: “We have won . . . Globalists have lost their final combat.”

曾受到欧盟委员会(European Commission)和拜登政府批评、被指破坏本国民主制度的匈牙利总理欧尔班•维克托(Viktor Orbán)，称赞特朗普胜选是一个信号，说明：“历史在加速……世界将会改变。”在荷兰，自由党(PVV)领导人海尔特•维尔德斯(Geert Wilders)欢呼道：“爱国者正在世界各地赢得选举。”在俄罗斯，亲普京的理论家亚历山大•杜金(Alexander Dugin)欢欣鼓舞地表示：“我们赢了……全球主义者输掉了最后的战斗。”

Political parties that broadly welcome Trump’s victory are already in powerful positions across Europe. In Austria and the Netherlands, nationalist populists won the largest share of the vote in recent elections. The Alternative for Germany is second in the polls, with a general election looming. In France, the Rassemblement National is getting nearer to national power. Reform in Britain, Law and Justice in Poland and Vox in Spain will all feel empowered by Trump’s victory.

总体上欢迎特朗普胜选的政党已经在整个欧洲占据了强大地位。在奥地利和荷兰，民族/民粹主义者在近期的选举中赢得了最大份额的选票。德国临近大选之际，德国选择党(AfD)在民调中排名第二。在法国，国民联盟(RN)正在接近掌权。英国的改革党(Reform)、波兰的法律与公正党(Law and Justice)和西班牙的呼声党(Vox)都将受到特朗普胜选的鼓舞。

——本文2024年11月12日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Trump’s European allies think history is turning in their direction

India’s rise as a major economy has long been held back by its failure to develop a robust manufacturing sector. The share of manufacturing in GDP has remained stubbornly low, even declining over the past decade despite the government’s enormous subsidy programme to encourage firms to “Make in India”. Can this failure be reversed, given the opportunity created by the stampede of capital away from China?

印度作为主要经济体的崛起一直受制于未能发展出强劲的制造业。制造业在国内生产总值(GDP)中的份额一直很低，甚至在过去10年还下降了——尽管政府出台了巨大规模的补贴计划，鼓励企业发展“印度制造”。鉴于资本匆忙离开中国创造的机会，这种失败能否扭转？

There are glimmers of hope. One state in southern India — Tamil Nadu — is experiencing a manufacturing boom, attracting the likes of Cisco, Corning, Foxconn, Ford, Google, Tata Electronics and Tata Jaguar Land Rover, and Nike suppliers. These investments are integrating India into global supply chains for electronics, automotives and footwear. What is the secret to its success?  

存在少许希望。一个印度南部邦——泰米尔纳德邦——的制造业正在繁荣发展，吸引了思科(Cisco)、康宁(Corning)、富士康(Foxconn)、福特(Ford)、谷歌(Google)、塔塔电子(Tata Electronics)和塔塔捷豹路虎(Tata Jaguar Land Rover)等企业，以及耐克(Nike)的供应商。这些投资正将印度整合进入电子、汽车和鞋类全球供应链中。它的成功秘诀是什么？

There’s scope. The state’s manufacturing investments encompass a much wider range than elsewhere in India, notably including labour-intensive activities. This is puzzling, since Tamil Nadu is among the richest states in the country. So how can it attract labour-intensive manufacturing while much poorer states cannot? Essentially, because factories have been willing to tap pools of lower-wage workers, such as migrants from other Indian states and women. In fact, 40 per cent of all women employed in factories in India are in Tamil Nadu.

首先是范围。该邦制造业投资的范围远比印度其他地方更宽广，尤其是包括了劳动密集型活动。这令人困惑，因为泰米尔纳德邦是全国最富裕的邦之一。为什么它可以吸引劳动密集型制造业，而更贫穷的邦却不能？关键是，因为工厂愿意挖掘低薪酬劳动力资源，例如来自印度其他邦的移民以及女性。事实上，印度工厂雇佣的女性有40%都在泰米尔纳德邦。

——本文2024年11月12日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Can India reverse its manufacturing failure?

MPs will have their first opportunity to scrutinise a landmark bill on assisted dying that its proponents say offers greater legal protections than any other legislation of its kind in the world.

国会议员们将首次有机会审查一项关于协助死亡的具有里程碑意义的法案，其支持者称该法案提供了比世界上任何其他类似立法更多的法律保护。

Labour MP Kim Leadbeater will on Tuesday publish her Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Members’ Bill, which would give people the opportunity to end their own life — but only those who are terminally ill with six months or less to live. 

工党议员金•利德比特(Kim Leadbeater)将于周二公布她的《身患绝症成年人（生命终结）议员法案》（Terminally Illust Adults (End of Life) Members' Bill），该法案将给予人们结束自己生命的机会，但仅限于那些身患绝症、生命不足六个月的人。

It would exclude those with disabilities and mental illness.

这将排除那些患有残疾和精神疾病的人。

——本文2024年11月12日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 UK assisted dying bill offers ‘strictest safeguards’ say supporters

Olaf Scholz has just pulled the plug on his coalition and polls suggest his party will lose the upcoming snap election. Yet among fellow Social Democrats, the German chancellor has rarely been so popular.

奥拉夫•朔尔茨(Olaf Scholz)刚刚终结了他的联盟，民意调查显示他的政党将在即将举行的临时大选中败北。然而，在社会民主党同僚中，这位德国总理很少如此受欢迎。

The government crisis that culminated last week with Scholz calling time on the three-party alliance plunged Germany into a new phase of turbulence. But ironically it also reinforced his status within his own party, which still plans to field him as candidate for chancellor early next year.

上周，朔尔茨宣布三党联盟停止运作，这场政府危机最终使德国陷入了新的动荡阶段。但讽刺的是，这也巩固了他在自己党内的地位，该党仍计划在明年初推举他为总理候选人。

The support for Scholz was on full display at an emotional meeting of the SPD parliamentary group last week when he was given a standing ovation by MPs.

上周，在社民党议会小组的一次激动人心的会议上，朔尔茨得到了议员们的起立鼓掌，这充分显示了对朔尔茨的支持。

——本文2024年11月12日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 Germany’s Scholz defies odds as party swings behind re-election bid