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上期划线句答案
In other words, if you had initially answered a trivia question wrong, areas associated with memory and learning were activated more strongly when you finally saw the correct answer than if you had answered it correctly to begin with.
换句话说，与你一开始就答对时相比，如果你最初的答案错了，那么在看到正确答案时，与记忆和学习相关的区域会更加活跃。
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本期内容
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双语阅读
Para.1
If you’re looking for food for comfort, which foods do you choose? I’m guessing it’s not celery or Brussels sprouts. For most emotional eating, veggies won’t do the trick. Instead, you’ll choose sweet treats like ice cream, cookies, and candy or salty snacks like chips or Cheetos. A new study suggests that, paradoxically, the foods we eat to feel better may have the opposite effect. Researchers at Harvard and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston were interested in the effects on mood of ultra-processed foods such as sweet and savory snacks as well as processed meats, beverages, artificial sweeteners, and other energy-dense, highly palatable, and ready-to-eat items.
Para.2
The researchers gave a validated food frequency questionnaire every four years to 31,000 women aged 42 to 62. The women who reported high ultra-processed food consumption had a greater BMI, higher rates of smoking, and more comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension. The researchers also noted an increased risk of depression associated with ultra-processed food consumption. The link was greatest for artificially sweetened foods and beverages.
Para.3
Among the 31,000 participants, they found 4,840 cases of depression. Over the 14 years of the study, the women who reduced their ultra-processed food intake by at least three servings per day had a lower risk of depression.
Para.4
A causal link between depression and the consumption of ultra-processed food isn’t known, but the researchers speculate that artificial sweeteners affect the communication between cells in the brain and nervous system (purinergic transmission), which may be involved with depression.
Para.5
What are the practical implications if you’ve been using ultra-processed foods to lift your mood? You could try to switch to healthier snacks (e.g., nuts, carrots). The sounds and sensations of crunching on the snack might substitute for the sweet taste of the ultra-processed food. Or, instead of eating, you could find an enjoyable activity to improve your frame of mind. You could listen to upbeat music or watch a comedy video. But the best alternative is just to get active.
本文节选自：Psychology Today（今日心理学）
发布时间：2024.10.16
作者：Psychology Today
原文标题：Are the Snack Foods You’re Eating Making You Depressed?
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写作句总结
原句：The researchers also noted an increased risk of depression associated with ultra-processed food consumption.
结构：Someone noted an increase in X associated with Y.
例句：The experts noted an increase in integrity associated with perseverance.
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阅读理解题
Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the sources?
A) Women who reduced their ultra-processed food intake by at least three servings per day had a lower risk of depression.
B) A causal link between depression and the consumption of ultra-processed food has been established by researchers.
C) Researchers speculate that artificial sweeteners may disrupt communication pathways in the brain and nervous system.
D) The study participants with higher ultra-processed food consumption had a greater BMI.
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全文概括
A recent study explored the link between ultra-processed foods and depression. The study found a correlation between high consumption of ultra-processed foods and a greater risk of depression, particularly with artificially sweetened foods and beverages. The researchers noted that while a causal link isn’t established, artificial sweeteners may disrupt communication within the brain and nervous system, which could contribute to depression. The study also suggests that reducing ultra-processed food intake by at least three servings per day may lower the risk of depression.
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