“旅行”该翻译为 trip 还是 tour?

教育   2024-08-27 08:01   北京  


英文中,我们通常会用 trip,journey, travel, tour 和 voyage 这几个词来表示“旅行”“出游”。

让我们一起看看这五个单词有什么不同——


01. trip


trip   noun & verb

/trɪp/

n.: a journey to a place and back again, especially a short one for pleasure or a particular purpose ; the experience that sb has if they take a powerful drug that affects the mind and makes them imagine things

v.: to catch your foot on sth and fall or almost fall

例句:On the Thursday we went out on a day trip.

中译:星期四我们出去玩了一天。


trip 多用于口语,常指为公务或游玩作的较短暂的旅行。另外,trip 还可以用来表示“因服用毒品产生的幻觉”;在非正式场合下,trip 还可以用来表示“让人开心的人或经历”“强烈的情感体验”“跑步赛程”“自我放纵的行为”等等。


例句:A bad trip can destroy a person's stability.

中译:严重的幻觉可能使一个人永远失去自制力。


此外,trip 用作动词的时候,可以指“脚步轻快地走、跑、跳”“轻松自如地吐出”“竖起帆桁/锚。同时,还可以翻译为“绊倒”。


例句:She tripped and fell.

中译:她绊了一下摔倒了。


02. journey


journey   noun & verb

/ˈdʒɜːni/

n.: an act of travelling from one place to another, especially when they are far apart

v.: to travel, especially a long distance

例句:They went on a long train journey across India.

中译:他们乘火车作了一次横跨印度的长途旅行。


journey 通常指远程的“旅行”或“历程”“过程”。如果我们想表达“旅行”这件事,那对应的英语是 go on a journey。另外,journey 还经常被用来指代抽象的“旅程”。


例句:Life is a journey.

中译:人生是一段旅途。


图源:pexels


03. travel


travel   noun & verb 

/ˈtrævl/

n.: the act or activity of travelling

v.: to go from one place to another, especially over a long distance

例句:She travels around the world as if money is no object.

中译:她漫游世界,好像钱不是问题。


travel 是旅行的总称,泛指旅行各地,长途旅行。与 journey 的不同之处是,travel 不强调某一目的地,有“游历各地”的意思。


在 travel 用作动词时,它除了可以译为“长途旅行”之外,还指“走动”“移动”;“经得起考验的运输”“消息的流传”“篮球比赛中的'走步'”“扫视”等等。


04. tour


tour   noun & verb

/tʊə(r)/

n.: an act of walking around a town, building, etc. in order to visit it ; an official series of visits made to different places by a sports team, an orchestra , an important person, etc.

v.: to travel around a place, for example on holiday/vacation, or to perform, to advertise sth, etc.

例句:We were given a guided tour of the palace.

中译:我们由导游带领参观游览了那座宫殿。


tour 多指以游览、视察等为目的行为。途中在许多地方短暂停留的观光游览。除此之外,tour 在作名词的时候,还可以表示“巡回比赛”“巡回演出”;“任职期”“服役期”“领导人的政治性访问”,以及体育赛事中的“锦标赛”(the tour)。


例句:The band will be playing at 20 different venues on their UK tour.

中译:这个乐队在英国巡回演出期间将在20个不同的地点演出。


例句:She toured the country promoting her book.

中译:她在全国巡回推销自己的书。


05. voyage


voyage   noun & verb

/ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/

n.: a long journey, especially by sea or in space

v.: to travel, especially in a ship and over a long distance

例句:They are hoping to retrace the epic voyage of Christopher Columbus.

中译:他们期待着沿哥伦布的壮丽航程进行一次航行。


voyage 多指海上航行。还可以指“飞往太空的旅行”;voyage 也经常被用来形容抽象意义的旅程,例如:(对某事或某人有大量新发现的)发现之旅


例句:Going to college can be a voyage of self-discovery.

中译:上大学可以算作自我发现之旅。


暑期是旅行的黄金时段,在阳光明媚的夏日,去海边、去林间度假令人心驰神往。在外出游玩时应该怎样防中暑,保障身体健康呢?小编总结了一些防暑小常识——


01. 多喝不含酒精的饮料

drink plenty of non-alcoholic fluids


酒精可以影响人体的体温调节系统。使人体对热的感知能力下降,这可能导致人体在高温环境下无法及时采取措施防止中暑。


此外,曾有科学研究表明:Ditto for drinking mixed drinks that contain cola, tonic, juice or another liquid. It might feel like you’re staying hydrated because they go down smoother than drinking spirits on the rocks, but the alcohol is still dehydrating you。


并且,酒精往往会增加尿量,导致体内水分丧失,进一步增加中暑的风险。因此,夏季口渴时应多喝不含酒精的饮料。



02. 戴帽子和太阳镜

wear a hat and sunglasses


我们的面部和脖颈都会常常暴露在太阳光下,戴帽子能够帮助我们增加防晒效果。


此外,有关专家提示:The risk of cataracts can be dramatically increased by prolonged exposure to UV rays. The sun's UV rays passing through the eye cause the proteins in the lens of your eye to break down (and clump together) more quickly, ultimately preventing light from passing through the lens and causing vision loss。


我们的眼睛长期受到过度的紫外线辐射,有可能引起光性角膜炎和光性结膜炎,甚至引发白内障。佩戴太阳镜可以对眼睛及眼周皮肤进行防护。


03. 穿轻便、浅色的衣服

wear lightweight, light-colored clothing


浅色衣服相对于深色衣服来说,对阳光的反射能力更强,能够减少阳光中的紫外线直接照射到皮肤上。因此,在夏天穿浅色衣服会感觉更清凉哦。


We prefer light coloured clothing in summer, as they are good reflectors of heat and light. In other words, they absorb less heat. Thus, light coloured clothes keep us cool, and hence, are preferred during summer time.


04. 在一天中较凉爽的时段进行户外活动

plan outdoor activities during cooler parts of the day


一天里最热时段在午后 1 点至 4 点,暑期户外活动应尽量避开这个时间段,选择傍晚或夜间出行是较为舒适的。


The maximum temperature usually occurs between 1 pm and 4 pm. This is because the ground heats up more rapidly.


图源:pexels


好啦,今天的分享就到这里!

大家还知道哪些出游心得?

欢迎在评论区讨论哦~


👀


撰稿 | 逗逗姐姐 & 刘雅齐

参考 |
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/summer-travel-abroad
https://health.clevelandclinic.org/dangers-of-too-much-alcohol-summer-heat
https://www.piedmont.org/living-real-change/what-are-sunglasses-really-doing-for-your-eyes
https://byjus.com/question-answer/why-is-it-advisable-to-wear-light-coloured-clothes-during-summer/
https://learn.sensibo.com/b2c-blog/what-is-the-hottest-time-of-the-day

图源 | pexels
排版 | 刘雅齐
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