简要介绍
本课程通过几个交叉的关注点向学生介绍医学社会学。首先，它通过探索 "根本原因"、"健康的社会决定因素"、"结构性暴力 "和健康差异的概念和框架，向学生介绍健康不良的原因及其分层。第二，我们将探索医学的政治经济学，并分析医学作为治理、控制和资本主义积累的工具。第三，我们将考虑疾病的历史和社会建设（及其不平衡的影响）。最后，我们将分析人们如何通过组织社会运动和参与激进的关怀实践来挑战主流的医疗健康方法。在这个课程中，你将学会训练你对医学制度和结构的社会学想象力，它的文化力量，以及它对脆弱社区的不平衡影响。
书籍报告
请从以下书籍中选择一本。你可能需要购买这本书，和/或通过图书馆获取这本书。
Jonny Steinberg, Sizwe’s Test – on AIDS in South Africa
Kris Holloway, Monique and the Mango Rains: Two Years with a Midwife in Mali
Anne Fadiman, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors and the Collision of Two Cultures – story of epilepsy
Laurie Abraham. Mama Might Be Better Off Dead: The Failure of Health Care in Urban America – takes place in Lawndale, Chicago
Robert Murphy, The Body Silent: An Anthropologist Embarks on the Most Challenging Journey of His Life: Into the World of the Disabled
Mike Davis, The Monster at Our Door: The Global Threat of Avian Flu
Abraham Verghese, My Own Country: A Doctor’s Story – about the AIDS pandemic in the US
Rebecca Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks – about medical experimentation on Black communities in the US
Jonathan Metzl, Protest Psychosis or Dying of Whiteness
David Ansell, The Death Gap
Dorothy Roberts, Killing the Black Body
Allen Frances, Saving Normal – on the medicalization of everyday life
UNIT 1: Introduction and COVID-19
Week 1：What the Coronavirus is Teaching Us about US Healthcare and Health Disparities
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/05/04/what-the-coronavirus-crisis-reveals- about-american-medicine
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/27/health/coronavirus-obamacare-unemployment-health-coverage.html?referringSource=articleShare
https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-black-plague
https://features.propublica.org/chicago-first-deaths/covid-coronavirus-took-black-lives- first/
Week 2：COVID 19
Klinenberg, Eric, 1999, Denaturalizing Disaster: A Social Autopsy of the 1995 Heat Wave, Theory and Society, Vol. 28, pp. 239-295
Watch Lecture
1) Look up latest COVID-19 statistics in Chicago:
https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/sites/covid-19/home/latest-data.html
2) Watch this video:
https://aas.princeton.edu/news/black-skin-white-masks-racism- vulnerability-refuting-black-pathology
Week 3：COVID-19: History of Infections and Inequalities
Markel, Howard, Alexandra Minn Stern, 2002, The Foreignness of Germs: The Persistent Association of Immigrants and Disease in American Society, The Milbank Quarterly, Vol 80 (4), pp. 757-788
Gamble, Vanessa Northington. 2010. “’There Wasn’t a Lot of Comforts in Those Days’: African Americans, Public health and the 1918 Influenza Epidemic.” Public Health Reports, supplement 3, Vol 125: 114-122.
WATCH:
American Sociological Association, “Sociological Perspectives on Covid-19: A Flash Panel,” Co-Sponsored by Medical Sociology and Science, Knowledge & Technology
https://us02web.zoom.us/rec/share/3NEtP5P720BJSJXuy1zza5ILXZXUeaa80CQXrPJfn R3RFemZ7yaJO2d61udSJ37R
UNIT 2: US Healthcare System, Health Disparities
Week 4: US Healthcare
Friedman, Deborah, Hershey H. Friedman, and Linda W. Friedman (2016),“US Healthcare: A System in Need of a Cure,” American Journal of Medical Research 3(1): 125–141.
Berkman, Lisa. 2008. “The Health Divide.” Pp. 337-344 in The Contexts Reader, edited by Jeff Goodwin and James Jasper. New York: Norton.
Quadagno, Jill. 2009. “Why the United States Has No National Health Insurance: Stakeholder Mobilization Against the Welfare State, 1945-1996.” Pp. 301-320 in The Sociology of Health and Illness, 8th Edition, edited by Peter Conrad. New York: Worth Publishers.
Watch :
“Sicko,” Michael Moore (2007).
Week 5: Theory of Fundamental Cause
McKinlay, John. 2001. “A Case for Refocusing Upstream: The Political Economy of Illness.” Pp. 516-529 in The Sociology of Health and Illness, edited by Peter Conrad, Sixth Edition. New York: Worth.
Link, Bruce and Jo Phelan. 1995. “Social Conditions As Fundamental Causes of Disease.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35, (Extra Issue: Forty Years of Medical Sociology: The State of the Art and Directions for the Future): 80-94.
Ansell, David. 2017. The Death Gap: How Inequality Kills. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Selection: Preface: vii-xviii.
Spencer, Karen Lutfey, and Matthew Grace. 2016. “Social Foundations of Health Care Inequality and Treatment Bias.” Annual Review of Sociology 42:101-120.
Kaiser Family Foundation: fact sheet on the uninsured and difference health insurance makes http://www.kff.org/uninsured/upload/1420-14.pdf
Watch:
“Sick Around America” (Frontline, 2009, 54minutes, 15 seconds) https://www.pbs.org/video/frontline-sick-around-america/
Week 6: Health Inequality in the US
Viruell-Fuentes, Edna, Patricia Miranda and Sawsan Abdulrahim. 2012. “More than culture: Structural racism, intersectionality theory, and immigrant health.” Social Science & Medicine 75(12): 2099-2106.
Lara-Millán, Armando. 2014. “Public Emergency Room Overcrowding in the Era of Mass Imprisonment.” American Sociological Review 79(5): 866-87.
Abraham, Laurie. 1993. Mama Might Be Better Off Dead: The Failure of Health Care in Urban America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Selections: Pages 1-8, 60-76.
Williams, David R. 2012. “Miles to Go before We Sleep: Racial Inequities in Health.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 53:279-295.
Watch:
Unnatural Causes (PBS),
https://video-alexanderstreet- com.proxy.cc.uic.edu/watch/unnatural-causes. This is a four-hour documentary, so you can just watch the first hour.
Worlds Apart (Fanlight Productions, 2003, 47 mins):
http://proxy.cc.uic.edu/login?url=http://docuseek2.com.proxy.cc.uic.edu/v/a/wLe3/1/0/0
Week 7: Medical Apartheid
Washington, Harriet. 2006. Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present. New York: Anchor Books. Selection - Introduction (1-21).
Benjamin, Ruha. 2011. “Organized Ambivalence: When Sickle Cell Disease and Stem Cell Research Converge.” Ethnicity & Health 16, 4-5: 447-463.
Skloot, Henrietta. 2011. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Broadway Books.
Watch:
“The Deadly Deception” (Denisce Di Ianni, writer, producer and director; Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 1993, 60 minutes), a documentary that deals with the Tuskegee Syphilis Study conducted by public health officials in the U.S. from 1932 to 1972. The film features first-person accounts of African American men who were enrolled in the study and a number of doctors who were investigators on the study – some of whom objected to the study and one white doctor who still defends the study as a worthwhile scientific endeavor. Available here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYOBYPiVfoI
Unit 3: Medicalization and the Social Construction of Disease
Week 8: Medicalization/Biomedicalization
Clarke, Adele et al. 2003. “Biomedicalization: Technoscientific Transformations of Health, Illness, and U.S. Biomedicine.” American Sociological Review 68, 2: 161-194.
Sweet, Paige. 2015. “Chronic Victims, Risky Women: Domestic Violence and the Medicalization of Abuse.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 41(1): 81- 105.
Week 9: From Badness to Sickness
Hoppe, Trevor. 2014. “From Badness to Sickness: The Criminalization of HIV in Michigan.”
Social Science & Medicine 101: 139-147.
Metzl, Jonathan. 2009. The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease.
Boston: Beacon Press. Selections: Preface (ix-xxi), Conclusion (199-212) Watch Lecture
https://www.aaihs.org/black-protest-white-backlash-and-the-history-of-scientific-racism/
Week 10: Gendering the Body and Sexuality
Martin, Emily. 1991. “The Egg and the Sperm: How Science has Constructed a Romance based on Stereotypical Male-Female Roles.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 16, 31: 485-501.
Davis, Georgiann, Jodie Dewey, and Erin Murphy. 2016. “Giving Sex: Deconstructing Intersex and Trans Medicalization Practices.” Gender & Society 30, 3: 490-514.
Garrett, Cal. Forthcoming. “Finding natural variation: Assembling underdetermined evidence of gender dysphoria, doing trans therapeutics” BioSocieties
Week 11:Reproductive Health, Maternal Death
Roberts, Dorothy. 1998. Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction and the Meaning of Liberty. Vintage Books. Selection: Introduction: 3-21.
Elena R. Gutiérrez and Liza Fuentes. 2009. Population Control by Sterilization: The Cases of Puerto Rican and Mexican-Origin Women in the United States. Latino(a) Research Review 7, 3: 85-100.
Propublica, The Last Person You’d Expect to Die in Childbirth:
https://www.propublica.org/article/die-in-childbirth-maternal-death-rate-health-care- system
America is Failing Its Black Mothers:
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/magazine/magazine_article/america-is-failing-its-black- mothers/
Week 12:Race in Medicine and Science
Dorothy E. Roberts, "Race, Gender, and Genetic Technologies: A New Reproductive Dystopia?," Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 34, no. 4 (Summer 2009): 783-804.
Lundy Braun, Anne Fausto-Sterling, Duana Fullwiley, Evelynn M. Hammonds, Alondra Nelson, William Quivers, Susan M. Reverby, Alexandra E. Shields. 2007. “Racial Categories in Medical Practice: How Useful Are They?” PLoS Medicine 4, 9: 1423-1428.
McMillan Cottom, Tressie. 2019. Thick and Other Essays. New York: The New Press.
Selection, “Dying to Be Competent” (pages 73-97).
Short Writing Assignment: Reflect on the readings from this week and the ongoing ways in which race continues to matter in the medical setting (1-2 pages)
UNIT 4: HEALTH ACTIVISM
Week 13:
Brown, Phil, Stephen Zavetoski, Sabrina McCormick, Brian Mayer, Rachel Morello-Frosch, and Rebecca Gasior Altman. 2004. “Embodied health movements: new approaches to social movements in health.” Sociology of Health & Illness 26: 50-80.
Decoteau, Claire Laurier. 2017. “The ‘Western Disease’: Autism and Somali Parents’ Embodied Health Movements.” Social Science & Medicine 177: 169-176.
Armstrong, Elizabeth M., Daniel P. Carpenter, and Marie Hojnacki. “Whose deaths matter? Mortality, advocacy, and attention to disease in the mass media.” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 31, no. 4 (2006): 729-772.
Epstein, Steven. “The politics of health mobilization in the United States: The promise and pitfalls of disease constituencies.” Social Science & Medicine 165 (2016): 246-254.
Watch:
Fire in the Blood (2013). Directed by Dylan Mohan Gray (1 hour, 47 minutes). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiSdKPEI7EY.
Week 14:
Nelson, Alondra. 2011. Body and Soul: The Black Panther Party and the Fight Against Medical Discrimination. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Selections: Preface (ix-xvi) and Introduction (1-22).
Week 15: Radical Caring
Park, Lisa Sun-Hee, Anthony Jiminez and Erin Hoekstra.” 2017. “Decolonizing the US Health System: Undocumented and Disabled after ACA.” Health Tomorrow: Interdisciplinarity and Internationality.
