吡啶环:2-位和3-位有取代基的吡啶构建

文摘   2024-11-12 07:03   天津  
化合物13的制备研究
  • 路线如下,最关键的是化合物12的制备,以DMF为原点,经化合物a、b、d,一锅法制备化合物12。
  • 化合物12是构建吡啶环的典型前体

  • 化合物12经氨水关环得到化合物13,硼氢化钠还原可得化合物14,构建OMs得到化合物15
  • 主要杂质是化合物13a和掉F化合物14a;杂质13a来源甲醇,杂质14a来源硼氢化钠还原步骤的脱F路径。

化合物12的制备
To a clean and dry reactor were charged N,N-dimethylformamide (10.32 kg, 141.22 mol; 1.3 equiv) and dichloromethane (DCM) (100.0
L). The clear solution was cooled to −10 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere and was added a solution of oxalyl chloride (17.92 kg, 141.22 mol, 1.3 equiv) in DCM (40.0 L) over a period of 60 min. 
During the addition, a white precipitate was formed. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to 25 °C and was stirred for 30 min. The reaction mixture was again cooled to −10 °C. 
To the reaction mixture was added a solution of 10 (28.30 kg, 282.43 mol, 2.6 equiv) in DCM (40.0 L) by keeping the internal temperature below 5 °C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to 25 °C and was stirred for 30 min under nitrogen. 
The pale yellow homogeneous solution was cooled again to −10 °C. To the reaction mixture was added a premixed solution of 11 (20.00 kg, 108.63 mol, 1.0 equiv) and triethylamine (31.30 kg, 309.60 mol, 2.85 equiv) [Preparation: To a clean and dry reactor was charged triethylamine (31.30 kg, 309.60 mol, 2.85 equiv) and cooled to 0 °C. 11 (20.0 kg, 108.63 mol, 1.0 equiv) was added dropwise, keeping the internal temperature below 5 °C] by keeping the internal temperature below 0 °C. 

The yellow heterogeneous reaction mixture was stirred for 5 min, whereupon 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (150 L) was added at a temperature below 8 °C. The resultant two-phase mixture was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (60.0 L). The combined organic phases were washed twice with 100.0 L of water. The organic layer was taken in a clean and dry reactor, and the solvent was removed under vacuum at a temperature below 35−40 °C to dryness. To the resultant red residue, n-heptane (100.0 L) was added, and the obtained slurry was stirred for 45 min; the reaction mixture was cooled to −25 °C, filtered, and washed with precooled n-heptane (20.0 L) to afford the title compound 12 as a light orange-colored solid. The obtained wet cake was used directly in the next stage without drying (20.8 kg, 72.2% yield, LOD 2.25%, 99.79 HPLC area %).

参考文献
acs.oprd.2c00167

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