1. 简单句：一对主谓
人容易生气。
People get angry easily. （主谓结构）
（注：这里说的“谓语”包括了“系表”“动宾”）
2. 并列句：至少两对主谓，有并列连词
人容易生气，也很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People get angry easily and they have trouble controlling their temper. （并列句）
People get angry easily and have trouble controlling their temper. （并列谓语）
People get angry easily, having trouble controlling their temper. （分词状语）
（注：这里第二个是并列谓语——虽然它也是简单句的变体；在主语一致情况下，更可进一步简化，用分词——如上第三句）
3. 从属句：主句之外、用作状语或定语的句子
人生气时很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People, when they get angry, have trouble controlling their temper. （状语从句）
People, when angry, have trouble controlling their temper. （状语从句：连词+分词/形容词）
人被某些事情惹恼时很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People, when they get irritated by something, have trouble controlling their temper. （状语从句）
People, when irritated by something, have trouble controlling their temper. （状语从句：连词+分词/形容词）
People, irritated by something, have trouble controlling their temper. （分词状语）
（上面分别用状语从句、连词+分词/形/介词词组、分词词组做状语）
4. 复杂句：并列、从属、分词词组混合
人容易生气，他们中有些人很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People get angry easily and some of them have trouble controlling their temper. （并列句）
People get angry easily, some of whom have trouble controlling their temper. （定语从句）
缺乏足够睡眠的人容易生气，也很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People who lack sleep get angry easily, having trouble controlling their temper. （定语从句；分词状语）
People lacking sleep get angry easily, having trouble controlling their temper. （分词定语；分词状语）
缺乏足够睡眠的人容易生气，他们中有些人很难控制脾气。(trouble)
People lacking sleep get angry easily, some of whom have trouble controlling their temper. （分词定语；定语从句）
试试翻译这句话。
这个团队由来自不同学科的专家组成，每个人都为项目的成功做出了巨大贡献。(consist)
拆解看，这里有三个“动作”：
l This team consists of experts.
l They come from different disciplines.
l Each has made great contributions to the success of this project.
组合起来有如下可能——
A. This team consists of experts, they come from different disciplines, and each of them has made great contributions to the success of this project.
B. This team consists of experts who come from different disciplines, and each of them has made great contributions to the success of this project.
C. This team consists of experts coming from different disciplines, of whom each has made great contributions to the success of this project.
D. This team consists of experts from different disciplines, each of whom has made great contributions to the success of this project.
E. Each of this team that consists of experts from different disciplines has made great contributions to the success of this project.
F. This team consists of experts from different disciplines, each having made great contributions to the success of this project.
【解析】
A. 并列句：SV, SV, and SV
B. 从属句+并列句：SV who V, and SV
C. 分词词组+从属句：SV v-ing，of whom SV
D. 从属句：SV，each of whom V
E. 从属句：S that V V
F. 分词（独立主格）：SV，Sv-ing
