錢鍾書著述所引拉丁語之中英譯文采輯
Suetonius 5《外文筆記》3
王依民 景默
《外文筆記》第30冊
Suetonius. I.
The Lives of the Caesars
tr. by J. C. Rolfe
（The Loeb Classical Library）
Bk. III. Tiberius
§7. He was forced to divorce Agrippina, with whom he was living happily, & to contract a hurried marriage with Julia, daughter of Augustus①. The only time he chanced to see Agrippina after the divorce, he followed her with such an intent & tearful gaze that care was taken that she should never again come before his eyes [(p.302) contentis et umentibus (Tumentibus, in same reading) oculis prosecutus est].
① 以上撮述，非逐字鈔錄；中譯括號內作相應處理。
◎張竹明等中譯，p.118：（他被迫與情深意篤的阿格里皮娜離了婚，幷且，不久就和奧古斯都之女朱裏婭匆匆結婚。）在他唯一的一次與她邂逅時，他戀戀不捨，含泪目送阿格里皮娜遠去，以致人們采取了措施，不讓他們再有機會見面。
§24. He refused the title for a long time, with barefaced hypocrisy now upbraiding his friends who urged him to accept it, saying that they did not realise what a monster the empire was [(p.328) diu recusavit, impudentissimo mimo nunc adhortantis amicos increpans ut ignaros, quanta belua esset imperium]… Finally, some lost patience, & one senator cried out : “Let him take it or leave it.” [(p.330) Aut agat aut desistat !]. Another openly voiced the taunt that others were slow in doing what they promised, but that he was slow to promise what he was already doing [(p.330) Alter coram exprobraret ceteros, quod polliciti sint tarde praestare, sed ipsum, quod praestet tarde polliceri]. At last, as though on compulsion, & complaining that a wretched & burdensome slavery was being forced upon him, he accepted the empire【cf. Shakespear, Richard III. vii.】[(p.330) Tandem quasi coactus et querens miseram et onerosam iniungi sibi servitutem, recepit imperium].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.127：他在很長一段時間裏仍拒絕這一頭銜，幷以無耻的虛僞一會兒譴責那些勸他接受這一頭銜的朋友，說他們不知道帝權像怪物一樣可怕，一會兒……終于，一些人失去了耐心，有一個人竟在混亂中喊道：“不幹就讓他走開!”另有一人當面對他說，別人是拖延做允諾過的事，而提比略則是拖延允諾已經開始做了的事。最後，他裝作似乎迫于無奈，且抱怨這是把沉重的奴役强加于他，還是接受了帝國的權力。
§25①. The cause of his hesitation was fear of the dangers & he often said that he was holding a wolf by the ears [(p.330) saepe lupum se auribus tenere diceret].【An old proverb saying. cf. Terence. Phormio, 506:“immo, id quod aiunt, auribus teneo lupum; / Nam neque quomods② a me amittam, invevio; neque uti retineam scio”（It is true they say③ I have caught a wolf by the ears; for I know not either how to get rid of him or how to keep him in restraint.）Anatomy of Melancholy，“Democritus to the Reeler”：“So he that goes to law as the proverb is, holds a wolf by the ears.” G. Bell，I. 194】
① 筆記緊接前文，未標節號“25”。
② 我手頭沒有Loeb版的Terence. Phormio，查Delphi版，這裏的原文是quo pacto，後承范旭侖先生賜告，Loeb版也是quo pacto。
③ 筆記手跡疑似save，龔剛、李寄、法蘭克粥、范旭侖諸先生賜教，均以為是say之筆誤。
◎張竹明等中譯，p.127：他猶豫的原因是出于對各方面來的危險的恐懼。這使他常說他是“牽著狼耳朵”。
§28. He was patient in the face of abuse & slander, often asserting that in a free country there should be free speech & free thought [(p.334) iactabat in civitate libera linguam mentemque liberas esse debere].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.129：（他能對冒犯、毁謗和侮辱保持忍耐①），常常宣稱，在一個自由的國家裏應該有思想和言論的自由。
① 與筆記同步點繁。
§34. To encourage general frugality by his own example, he often served at formal dinners meats left over from the day before & partly consumed, or the half of a boar, declaring that it had all the qualities of a whole one. [(p.342) soUeinnibus ipse cenis pridiana saepe ac semesa obsonia apposuit dimidiatumque aprum, affirmans omnia eadem habere,quae totum].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.132：爲了以身作則鼓勵節約，他經常在正式宴席上上前一天吃剩的肉，例如半隻公猪，幷說半隻公猪和一隻整的公猪味道一樣。
§42. Having gained the licence of privacy, & being as it were out of sight of the citizens, he at last gave free rein at once to all the vices he had for a long time ill concealed [p.350 Ceterum secreti licentiam nanctus et quasi civitatis oculis remotis, cuncta simul vitia male diu dissimulata tandem profudit]
◎張竹明等中譯，p.135：在這裏由于隱居的自由，由于公衆監督所不及，他以某種方式掩飾起來的自己所有惡習一下子全都放縱起來。
§43. (352) Secessu vero Caprensi etiam sellaria excogitavit, sedem arcanarum libidinum, in quam undique conquisiti puellarum et exoletorum greges monstrosique concubitus repertores 【cf. 漢書•景十三王傳》：建強令宮人裸而四據，與羝羊與狗交】, quos spintrias appellabat, triplici serie conexi 【Spintriae were later banished by Caligula CIV. 16. p.426①). I. Bloch, Die Prostitution Bd.I, s.386: "die sogenannten 'Symplegmen' oder 'Spintrien', die Ausführung sexueller Akte durch mehr als zwei Personen, in 'Ketten' (catena) und 'Gruppen' (symplegma)" ②】, in vicem in cestarent coram ipso, ut aspectu deficientis libidines excitaret. (354) Cubicula plurifariam disposita tabellis ac sigillis lascivissimarum picturarum et figurarum adornavit librisque Elephantidis instruxit, ne cui in opera edenda exemplar imperatae schemae deesset.【③】…
① p.427英譯: He banished from the city the sexual perverts called spintriae, barely persuaded not to sink them in the sea.
② Deepl翻譯：the so-called 'symplegms' or 'spintria', the performance of sexual acts by more than two persons, in 'chains' (catena) and 'groups' (symplegma).
③ 引用Ariosto, I Suppositi, “proolgo”，待覓得原書後再錄。
◎筆記未鈔英譯，現補上：p.353, p.355: On retiring to Capri he devised a pleasance for his secret orgies: teams of wantons of both sexes, selected as experts in deviant intercourse and dubbed analists, copulated before him in triple unions to excite his flagging passions. Its bedrooms were furnished with the most salacious paintings and sculptures, as well as with an erotic library, in case a performer should need an illustration of what was required.
◎張竹明等中譯，p.136：他在卡普裏埃過上幽居生活後，開始經營起猥褻的特別密室……：從各地成群搜集來的少女少男——其中包括那些被稱作“斯姘特裏”的駭人聽聞的性行爲發明者，當著他的面三人一組爭先恐後地交媾，用這種情景重新喚起他自己已漸熄滅的性欲。在散布各處的臥室裏，他飾以最猥褻的繪畫、塑像，分置厄勒芳迪斯的書籍，以便每一個人在自己進行交媾時可隨手得到指定的榜樣。
§44. Maiore adhuc ac turpiore infamia flagravit, vix ut referri audirive, nedum credi fas sit, quasi pueros primae teneritudinis, quos pisciculos vocabat, institueret, ut natanti sibi inter femina versarentur ac luderent lingua morsuque sensim adpetentes ; atque etiam quasi infantes firmiores, necdum tamen lacte depulsos, inguini ceu papillae admoveret, pronior sane ad id genus libidinis et natura et aetate…
◎筆記未鈔英譯，現補上：p.355: He acquired a reputation for still grosser depravities that one can hardly bear to tell or be told, let alone believe. For example, he trained little boys (whom he termed tiddlers) to crawl between his thighs when he went swimming and tease him with their licks and nibbles; and unweaned babies he would put to his organ as though to the breast, being by both nature and age rather fond of this form of satisfaction.
◎張竹明等中譯，p.136：他還有更爲醜惡可耻的放蕩行爲，說起來不堪入耳，難以啓齒，更難以置信。他開始養育很年幼的男童，稱他們爲自己的“小魚”。他在床上玩他們，既因天性也因年老，他喜愛這種性生活。①
① 細節描寫被中譯本刪去了。
§45. Hence a stigma put upon him in an Atellan farce became current, that "the old goat was licking the does." [(p.356) hircum vetulum capreis naturam ligurire].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.137：（於是他臭名昭著，在①）一出滑稽劇中受到熱烈鼓掌歡迎的“老山羊舔小母羊”這句臺詞便廣泛流傳開了。
① 括號內根據中譯本概括，非譯本原文。
§56. He had the habit of putting questions at dinner suggested by his daily reading [(p.370) lectione cotidiana quaestiones super cenam proponere], & learning that the grammarian Seleucus inquired of the imperial attendants what authors Tiberius was reading and so came primed【高士奇。《全唐文》336（《舊唐書•顏真卿傳》）《論百官論事疏》：“閹官袁思藝日宣詔至中書，玄宗動靜，必告林甫，得以先意奏請。玄宗驚喜若神。”《舊唐書•元載傳》：“復結內侍董秀，多與之金帛，委主書卓英倩潛通密旨。以是上[代宗]有所屬，載必先知之，承意探微，言必玄合。”袁文《甕牖閒評》卷八：“盧多遜善取媚人主，以希進用。國初為參知政事，太祖常令館中取書。多遜豫戒主書吏立白之，即通夕覽讀。明日太祖指問書中事，同列罔措，多遜應答如響。此即丁謂之從駕東封回，眞宗欲幸孔子廟，謂于前一日先往廟中省視饌具，因詢其事務，以備明日顧問。”《清詩紀事》12870，《夢苕厂詩話》：梁再芬在張之洞幕府時，張每待讀何書，梁每次以龍洋十圓賄張侍者以告，亦取梁書熟讀。《簷曝雜記》卷二“高士奇”：“結近侍探上起居，報一事，酬以金豆一顆。……或覘知上方閱某書，即抽某書翻閱。《宋史》，盧多遜為相時，太祖每取書史館，盧預戒吏先白，通夕閱之。遇上問者，應對無滯。”李清《三垣筆記》卷上：“予為寧波司李，見鄭庶常鄤被參下獄，時王侍御章為鄞令，鄤同邑也，語次間極薄鄤。予曰：‘慎行孫宗伯貴邑端人，何獨善鄤？’章曰：‘宗伯喜讀書，左右數人無不飽鄤賄，每宗伯閱某書，必馳報，越數日往謁，凡宗伯帳中之秘，鄤皆口誦如流。宗伯因大服’。”】[(p.370①) a ministris suis perquirere, quos quoque tempore tractaret auctores, atque ita praeparatum venire], he at first banished the offender from his society, and later even forced him to commit suicide.
① 筆記誤為356.
◎張竹明等中譯，p.142：他愛在餐桌上提問每天讀書時想到的問題。語法學家塞琉古斯向他的僕人打聽他在讀哪位作者的作品，以便去吃飯時心裏有底，但他得知此事後，先是把他趕出侍從團，後來甚至迫使他自殺了。
§58. Many acts were regarded as capital crimes, e.g. to carry a ring or coin stamped with his image into a privy or a brothel [(p.372) nummo anulo effigiem impressam latrinae aut lupanari intulisse].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.143：（很多）行爲也被視爲應處以死罪……（例如）帶著印有奧古斯都肖像的戒指或錢幣去厠所或妓院。
§59. Let them hate me, provided they respect my conduct [(p.376) Oderint, dum probent].【cf. infra p.452】
◎張竹明等中譯，p.144：讓他們恨我吧，只要他們不妨礙我的措施。
§61. Not a day passed without an execution… The word of no informer was doubted. Every crime was treated as capital, even the utterance of a few simple words [(p.378) Nemini delatorum fides abrogata. Omne crimen pro capitali receptum, etiam paucorum simpliciumque verborum]… Since ancient usage made it impious to strangle maidens, young girls were first violated by the executioner and then strangled. [(p.380) Immaturae puellae, quia more tradito nefas esset virgines strangulari, vitiatae prius a carnifice, dein strangulatae.] Those who wished to die were forced to live [(p.380) Mori volentibus vis adhibita vivendi]. 【cf. Bk. IV. §30(pp.450-2)①; Montaigne, Essais, II. 27 (Pléiade , p.676) ②】
① 詳下篇筆記。
② 《外文筆記》第11冊第485頁：(676) Les tyrans, pour faire tous les deux ensemble, et tuer et faire sentir leur colère, ils ont employé toute leur suffisance àtrouver moyen d'allonger la mort. Ils veulent que leurs ennemis s'en aillent, mais non pas si vite qu'ils n'aient loisir de savourer leur vengeance.（按：Essays of Michel de Montaigne. Charles Cotton英譯：Tyrants, at once both to kill and to make their anger felt, have employed their capacity to invent the most lingering deaths. They will have their enemies despatched, but not so fast that they may not have leisure to taste their vengeance.） “mort” 下眉批有注：cf Suetonius, Caesars, Tiberius, 61 (Loeb, I, p.380), Caligula, 30 (p.450-2).
◎張竹明等中譯，p.145：他沒有一天不懲罰人……他不懷疑告密者的任何一句話。任何罪過都處以死刑，哪怕是爲了幾句簡單的話。……由于先人遺俗，禁止絞死處女，所以未成年的姑娘先被劊子手蹂躪後再被絞死。而想死的人他又迫使他們活下去。
§62. He devised the following torture: he would trick men into loading themselves with copious draughts of wine, and then on a sudden tying up their private parts, thus torment them at the same time by the torture of the cords & the stoppage of their water [(p.382) ut larga meri potione per fallaciam oneratos, repente veretris deligatis, fidicularum simul urinaeque tormento distenderet]. 【《太平廣記》268王旭（《朝野僉載》卷二：括宅中及別宅女婦，風聲目色，有不承者，以繩勒其陰，命壯士彈竹擊之，酸痛不可忍。Montaigne,Essais, III. 4: “L'opiniâtreté de mes pierres, spécialement en la verge, m'a parfois jeté en longues suppressions d'urine, de trois, de quatre jours, et si avant en la mort que c'eût été folie d'espérer l'éviter, voire désirer, veu les cruels efforts que cet état apporte. Ô que ce bon Empereur qui faisait lier la verge à ses criminels pour les faire mourir à faute de pisser était grand maître en la science de bourrellerie! ”①(Pléiade , p.804)】
① Essays of Michel de Montaigne. Charles Cotton英譯：The obstinacy of my stone to all remedies especially those in my bladder, has sometimes thrown me into so long suppressions of urine for three or four days together, and so near death, that it had been folly to have hoped to evade it, and it was much rather to have been desired, considering the miseries I endure in those cruel fits. Oh, that good emperor, who caused criminals to be tied that they might die for want of urination, was a great master in the hangman’s’ science!
◎張竹明等中譯，p.146：在各種刑訊方法中他想出了種種新花樣：哄騙人喝下大量的酒，然後突然綁住他們的生殖器，用細繩扎緊了阻止排尿。
§69. He was immoderately afraid of thunder [(p.390) tonitrua tamen praeter modum expavescebat] & always wore a laurel wreath [(p.392) coronam lauream capite gestavit].
◎張竹明等中譯，p.146：他極怕打雷，每當烏雲翻滾時，他就要戴上月桂花環。
