Russia's central bank said on Wednesday it would stop foreign currency purchases in order to ease pressure on the financial markets after the rouble weakened beyond 110 to the U.S. dollar, down by one-third since early August.俄罗斯央行周三表示，由于卢布兑美元汇率跌破110，自8月初以来已下跌三分之一，为缓解金融市场压力，将停止购买外币。 The central bank said it had decided not to buy foreign currency on the domestic market from Nov. 28 until the end of the year, but to defer these purchases until 2025.央行表示，已决定从11月28日起至年底不在国内市场上购买外币，而是将这些购买计划推迟至2025年。 "The decision was made to reduce the volatility of financial markets," the regulator said in a statement. Since Russia was blocked from using the dollar and euro, it has made foreign exchange interventions using Chinese yuan.该监管机构在一份声明中表示：“此举旨在减少金融市场的波动性。”自俄罗斯被阻断使用美元和欧元后，已开始使用人民币进行外汇干预。 Russia published new economic data on Wednesday highlighting the latest signs of overheating in an economy retooled for the purpose of fighting the war in Ukraine, which has sucked workers out of the labour force. Real wages were up 8.4% in September in year-on-year terms, unemployment hit a record low 2.3% in October, and weekly inflation stands at almost 0.4%, all despite a benchmark interest rate of 21%.俄罗斯周三公布了新的经济数据，突显出为应对乌克兰战争而重新调整的经济出现了过热迹象，这导致劳动力流失。9月实际工资同比上涨8.4%，10月失业率创下2.3%的历史新低，周通胀率接近0.4%，尽管基准利率高达21%。 By 1600 GMT, the rouble was down 7.25% since the start of Wednesday's trade at 113.15 to the dollar, according to LSEG data - further fuelling inflation, which is running at around 8% a year.根据伦敦证券交易所集团的数据，截至格林尼治标准时间16:00，卢布自周三开盘以来已下跌7.25%，兑美元汇率达到113.15，进一步加剧了通胀，目前通胀率约为每年8%。 It fell beyond 15 to the yuan, also the lowest level since March 2022, just after Russia's invasion of Ukraine.卢布兑人民币汇率跌破15，也创下自2022年3月俄乌战争爆发后的最低水平。 Under Russia's budget rule, the finance ministry sells foreign currency from its rainy-day National Wealth Fund to make up for any shortfall in revenue from oil and gas exports, or makes purchases in the event of a surplus.根据俄罗斯的预算规则，如果石油和天然气出口收入出现短缺，财政部将从其应急的国家财富基金中出售外币以弥补差额；如果出现盈余，则进行购买。 The ministry's forex transactions are carried out by the central bank, which also conducts its own interventions.财政部的外汇交易由央行执行，央行也会进行自己的干预。 The central bank said it would continue conducting its own yuan sales at the equivalent of 8.4 billion roubles a day, thereby increasing the Russian state's net daily sales of foreign currency to the equivalent of 8.4 billion roubles from around 4.2 billion roubles.央行表示，将继续每天自行出售相当于84亿卢布的人民币，从而将俄罗斯国家每天净出售的外币金额从约42亿卢布增加至84亿卢布。 Dmitry Pyanov, deputy CEO of Russia's second largest lender VTB, said sanctions imposed by the United States on Russia's third-largest lender, Gazprombank, which handles the energy trade, were behind the rouble's sharp fall.俄罗斯第二大银行俄罗斯外贸银行副行长德米特里·皮亚诺夫表示，美国对俄罗斯第三大银行、处理能源贸易的俄罗斯天然气工业银行实施的制裁，是卢布大幅下跌的背后原因。 "My assumption is that the sanctions against Gazprombank have had a significant impact, as it has ceased to be a channel for delivering foreign currency to the Moscow Exchange," Pyanov said. He said the central bank should focus on stabilising the currency market, which was not functioning properly now, within the next few days.皮亚诺夫说：“我认为，对俄罗斯天然气工业银行的制裁产生了重大影响，因为它已不再是向莫斯科证券交易所提供外币的渠道。”他表示，央行应在未来几天内专注于稳定目前运行不畅的货币市场。 PSB Bank analysts said the decision would "moderately support the rouble, but it will not be enough to return the exchange rate to last week's levels", predicting that the market would stay volatile.PSB银行分析师表示，该决定将“适度支持卢布，但不足以使汇率恢复到上周的水平”，并预测市场将继续波动。 ROUBLE AND SHARE PRICES BOTH FALLING STEEPLY卢布和股价均大幅下跌 The rouble's fall has been compounded by a fall of more than 20% in the stock market so far this year as investors shift their savings from stocks to deposits, which offer interest above the benchmark rate of 21%.今年以来，股市下跌超过20%，投资者将储蓄从股票转向利率高于基准利率21%的存款，卢布下跌的情况进一步加剧。 Economy Minister Maxim Reshetnikov said the rouble's volatility was due to global dollar strength and market concerns following the latest sanctions, not the result of fundamental factors, predicting that it would soon stabilise.经济部长马克西姆·列舍特尼科夫表示，卢布的波动是由于美元走强以及最新制裁引发的市场担忧，而非基本面因素所致，并预测卢布将很快企稳。 He said 82% of Russia's exports and 78% of its imports were paid for in roubles and "friendly", non-Western countries' currencies.他表示，俄罗斯82%的出口和78%的进口都是以卢布和“友好”的非西方国家货币结算的。 Analysts said another measure that the government could use is forcing exporting companies to sell more foreign currency by raising mandatory sale requirements, though not all were convinced this would work.分析师表示，政府可能采取的另一项措施是提高强制性出售要求，迫使出口公司出售更多外币，尽管并非所有人都相信此举会奏效。 "If exporters are unable to make transactions due to sanctions, the requirement from the government for them to do so will not help the situation in any way," economist Evgeny Kogan said.经济学家叶夫根尼·科根说：“如果出口商因制裁而无法进行交易，政府要求他们这样做的要求根本不会对局势有任何帮助。” The rouble's fall is fuelling inflation, which is set to exceed the central bank's estimate for this year, working counter to the regulator's painful monetary tightening, with the benchmark interest rate at its highest level since 2003. The central bank estimates that a 10% fall in the value of the rouble adds 0.5 percentage points to inflation, implying that the fall of the last four months may be adding 1.5 percentage points to inflation.卢布下跌加剧了通胀，通胀率预计将超过央行今年的预估，与央行痛苦的货币紧缩政策背道而驰，基准利率已升至2003年以来的最高水平。央行估计，卢布价值下跌10%会使通胀率上升0.5个百分点，这意味着过去四个月的下跌可能会使通胀率上升1.5个百分点。 All trade in dollars and euros moved to the over-the-counter market after Western sanctions were imposed on the Moscow Exchange (MOEX). As a result, the trade has become volatile and opaque, with most banks disclosing data only to the regulators.在莫斯科证券交易所受到西方制裁后，所有美元和欧元的交易都转移到了场外市场。因此，交易变得波动且不透明，大多数银行只向监管机构披露数据。 Sweden has formally asked China to cooperate in explaining the recent rupture of two data cables on the Baltic Sea bed in an area where a China-flagged vessel had been sighted, Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson said Thursday.瑞典首相乌尔夫·克里斯特松周四表示，瑞典已正式要求中国合作，就两艘数据电缆在波罗的海海底一处发现中国船只出没的区域断裂一事进行解释。 The two cables, one running from Finland to Germany and the other from Lithuania to Sweden, were both damaged in Swedish waters last week, in an area where the Yi Peng 3, a China-flagged bulk carrier, was seen.这两条电缆，一条是从芬兰通往德国的，另一条是从立陶宛通往瑞典的，上周均在瑞典水域受损，受损区域出现了中国籍散货船“伊鹏3号”。 The Yi Peng 3 has been moored in international waters between Sweden and Denmark. Kristersson told a news conference in the town of Harpsund that Sweden would like the vessel to move to its own waters to allow for an inspection within the ongoing international investigation.“伊鹏3号”目前停泊在瑞典和丹麦之间的国际水域。克里斯特松在哈普松镇举行的新闻发布会上表示，瑞典希望该船驶入瑞典水域，以便正在进行的国际调查对其进行检查。 "As I had said before, Sweden has expressed our desire for the ship to move to Swedish waters and we are in contact with China from Sweden," Kristersson said. "Today I can also tell you that in addition to that Sweden has also sent a formal request to China to cooperate with Swedish authorities in order to create clarity on what has happened."“我之前曾说过，瑞典已表达了希望该船驶入瑞典水域的愿望，瑞典正在与中国方面进行接触，”克里斯特松说。“今天我还可以告诉大家，瑞典除了希望该船驶入瑞典水域外，还已向中国发出了正式请求，要求与中国合作，以明确事件真相。” He was speaking after a security meeting of government leaders of the Baltic sea region. In the same news conference, Poland's Prime Minister Donald Tusk expressed "full solidarity and full support" and trust in Sweden's reliability as it acts in the interest of all countries in the Baltic region.他是在波罗的海地区政府领导人安全会议后发表上述讲话的。在同一次新闻发布会上，波兰总理唐纳德·图斯克表示“完全团结和全力支持”瑞典，并相信瑞典在处理此事时会维护波罗的海地区所有国家的利益。 Finnish, Swedish and German authorities have launched investigations into the rupture of the two cables. Germany's defense minister said that the damage appeared to have been caused by sabotage, though there is no proof at present.芬兰、瑞典和德国当局已对这两条电缆断裂事件展开调查。德国国防部长表示，破坏行为似乎是造成电缆损坏的原因，但目前尚无证据。 Chinese authorities in Beijing said earlier this month they had no information about the ship but that China was ready to "maintain communication" with relevant parties.中国本月早些时候表示，他们不了解该船的情况，但中国已准备好与有关各方“保持沟通”。 They called for the vessel's rights to normal navigation to be protected.中方呼吁保护该船正常航行的权利。
