研究背景
立体选择性烯烃1,2-双官能团化是一种从现成的“平面”碳原料中获得三维富C(sp3)手性分子的有效策略。目前,最先进的方法是利用手性过渡金属催化剂来实现高水平的区域和立体控制。然而,这通常以有限的烯烃范围和降低的通用性为代价实现。1,3-偶极环加成通常用于烯烃形成杂环,具有高水平的区域选择性和立体特异性。然而,环加合物开环以揭示合成有用官能团化方法需要使用危险试剂或苛刻反应条件,从而限制了它们的合成应用。
本文要点
1. 描述了一种实用的烯烃选择性1,2-双官能团化电合成策略,通过设计新型带有磺酰基的氧化腈1,3偶极前驱体,经历“点击”1,3偶极环加成形成异恶唑啉中间体,随后直接阴极SET还原促进异恶唑啉环加合物可控自由基断裂。
2. 这一过程可以将各种富电子、缺电子和非活化烯烃转化为1,2-syn-羟基腈衍生物,具有高水平的化学选择性、区域选择性和非对映选择性。
图文内容
Scheme 1. Strategies for Stereoselective Olefin 1,2-Difunctionalization:
Scheme 2. (A) Synthesis of Reagents 1a and 1b. (B) Optimized Conditions for the 1,3-DC Step, and Evaluation of a Suitable Reductive Radical Manifold for the Fragmentation of Cycloadduct 8. (C) Development of a Telescoped Electrochemical Alkene 1,2-syn-Cyano-Hydroxylation Procedure
Scheme 3. (A) Total Charge (Q) Dosage Study. (B) Electrochemical Characterization of Cycloadduct 8. (C) Influence of C3-Substitution on the Electrochemical Radical Ring-Opening of Isoxazoline Cycloadducts.
Scheme 4. (A) Radical Clock Experiment. (B) Cascade Brook-Reactivity Observed for Cycloadduct 22. (C) Proposed Mechanistic Pathway for the Electrochemical “Sew & Cut” Protocol
Table 1. Substrate Scope for the Telescoped Alkene 1,2-syn-Cyano-Hydroxylation Process
(图片来源:J. Am. Chem. Soc.)
Scheme 5. (A) Process Scale-Up, and Its Application to the Synthesis of API Fluoxetine. (B) Synthetic Manipulations of 1,2-syn-Cyano-Hydroxylation Product 67.
(图片来源:J. Am. Chem. Soc.)
文献信息
Taciano A. S. Wanderley, Giacomo E. M. Crisenza* et al. General Alkene 1,2-syn-Cyano-Hydroxylation Procedure Via Electrochemical Activation of Isoxazoline Cycloadducts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024.
DOI:10.1021/jacs.4c13682
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c13682
IT'S RAINING NOW
推送总错过?公众号主
页右上角点击 设为星标 吧