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在2024年的前九个月里，汉堡港以其坚韧不拔的姿态，维持了集装箱吞吐量的稳定，具体数字锁定在580万标准箱（TEU）的坚实基础上。
这一成绩的取得，得益于装载集装箱吞吐量的细微增长与普通货物吞吐量的显著提升，两者携手并进，共同为汉堡港的稳健表现贡献力量。然而，不容忽视的是，德国经济的疲软态势如同一道阴影，持续笼罩在港口的上空，对总吞吐量产生了一定程度的抑制作用。
汉堡港在一份官方声明中，深刻剖析了当前面临的挑战：“乌克兰战争的紧张政治局势，以及胡塞民兵在红海地区的袭击事件，无疑加剧了这一不利局面。” 这些外部因素如同狂风骤雨，给汉堡港的发展之路增添了更多的不确定性和复杂性。
从具体数据来看，2024年1月至9月，汉堡港的海运货物吞吐量出现了3.0%的下滑，总量降至8400万吨。尽管如此，汉堡港并未气馁，而是积极寻找新的增长点。
在集装箱吞吐量的细分领域，装载集装箱吞吐量实现了0.2%的同比增长，达到510万标准箱。然而，与之形成鲜明对比的是，空箱吞吐量却遭遇了4.6%的下滑，降至72.2万标准箱。综合来看，整体集装箱吞吐量维持在580万标准箱的水平，仅微降0.4%。换算成吨数，集装箱吞吐量达到5820万吨，仅下降0.1%，几乎与去年持平，展现出汉堡港强大的韧性和恢复力。
汉堡港进一步分析指出：“由于好望角附近海域的航行条件变化，导致船只不得不临时改道，这使得更多的西部港口成为了亚洲至地中海货运量的转运枢纽。遗憾的是，汉堡港并未能从这一积极变化中受益。”
尽管如此，汉堡港并未放弃希望，而是将目光转向了传统的普通货物部门。这一部门凭借其巨大的增值潜力，在报告期内实现了3.7%的显著增长，总量达到90.4万吨，为汉堡港带来了新的生机与活力。
在散货吞吐量方面，汉堡港也展现出了一定的复苏迹象。截至前九个月，散货吞吐量达到2490万吨，虽然仍下降了9.3%，但相较于年中时12.1%的降幅，已有所收窄。汉堡港指出，一些发电厂的关闭导致煤炭吞吐量下降，这是影响散货吞吐量的一个重要因素。
值得一提的是，在国际贸易伙伴方面，中国依然稳居汉堡港第一大贸易伙伴的宝座。2024年1月至9月，中国至汉堡港的集装箱吞吐量达到160万标准箱。同时，汉堡港与美国的贸易也呈现出增长态势，第二大贸易伙伴地位得以巩固，吞吐量增长了7.6%，达到52万标准箱。
此外，与巴西、墨西哥等国的贸易也取得了不俗的成绩，分别增长了2.6%和3.5%。
在更广泛的国际贸易网络中，汉堡港与波兰的海运贸易也取得了显著进展，贸易量增长了16.0%，达到23.2万标准箱。马来西亚作为汉堡港的第九大贸易伙伴，也实现了29.8%的快速增长，贸易量达到14.4万标准箱。
此外，汉堡港还指出，2024年前三个季度，集装箱货物运力的船舶停靠量同比增长了0.3%。中小型船舶在汉堡港的发展中扮演了越来越重要的角色，它们在这里获得了更多的机会和支持。
在内陆运输方面，铁路以其高效、环保的特点占据了突出地位。汉堡港营销（HHM）执行委员会成员Axel Mattern表示：“铁路货运是可持续交通的基石，在前九个月也取得了积极的发展。” 他进一步强调：“作为欧洲最大的铁路港口，我们非常重视铁路运输的扩张。这一领域的集装箱运输增长了2.7%，汉堡港的铁路总吨位也有所增加。”
今年前九个月，海港腹地的铁路集装箱运输实现了2.7%的增长，总量达到200万标准箱。同时，铁路总吨位也同比增长了1.4%，达到3510万吨。马特恩补充道：“这些数字不仅彰显了铁路运输的高性能和环境效益，也证明了我们在面对恶劣天气条件、技术挑战和劳动力短缺等困难时，依然能够坚定地走在成功的道路上。”
Container throughput at the Port of Hamburg remained almost unchanged year-over-year during the first nine months of 2024 at 5.8 million Twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs).
This was driven by a slight growth in the throughput of loaded containers and an increase in general cargo.
However, the weak German economy continues to impact total throughput at the port.
"The tense political circumstances with the war in Ukraine and the attacks by Houthi militias in the Red Sea merely exacerbate this situation," the port said in a statement.
It noted that total seaborne cargo throughput fell by 3.0% to 84.0 million tonnes from January to September 2024.
At 5.1 million TEUs, loaded container throughput grew by 0.2% year over year. By contrast, the throughput of empty containers slumped by 4.6% to 722,000 TEU.
Overall container throughput was 5.8 million TEU (down by 0.4 %). Container throughput by tonnes — 58.2 million or 0.1% down – therefore reached almost the same level as in the previous year.
"A larger number of western ports were used as transhipment hubs for Asia-Mediterranean volumes due to the temporary rerouting of vessels around the Cape of Good Hope. Hamburg did not benefit from this positive effect in container throughput," the port added.
It noted that the conventional general cargo segment again offered a silver lining. With its considerable potential for value-added, this segment grew by 3.7% to 904,000 tonnes during the period.
The throughput of bulk cargo at the Port of Hamburg experienced a slight recovery over the course of the year. After the first nine months, it stood at 24.9 million tonnes, recording a 9.3% decline.
The decline had been 12.1% at the halfway point in the year.
Port of Hamburg noted that the drop in coal throughput resulting from the shutdown of some power plants remained a noticeable factor.
Meanwhile, accounting for a throughput of 1.6 million TEU, the Port of Hamburg said China remained the strongest partner country from January to September 2024.
Trade with the United States is also growing, with the second-strongest partner country recording an increase of 7.6% to 520,000 TEU.
Trade with Brazil also rose by 2.6% to 124,000 TEUs. Registering growth of 3.5% and throughput of 81,000 TEUs, trade with Mexico also showed growth.
In addition, seaborne trade with Poland (4th place) experienced a positive development with an increase of 16.0% and a volume of 232,000 TEUs, while Malaysia ranked 9th, with 144,000 TEUs and a rise of 29.8%.
The port noted that ship calls with capacity for container cargo were up 0.3% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2024.
Moderate and small vessel sizes experienced a positive development here.
"Rail forwarding, a cornerstone of sustainable transport, also developed positively in the first nine months," said Axel Mattern, member of the executive board of Port of Hamburg Marketing (HHM).
"As Europe's largest rail port, we attach great importance to the expansion of rail transport. Container transport in this segment rose by 2.7%, and the Port of Hamburg also gained ground in terms of total rail tonnage," he added.
Container transport by rail in seaport-hinterland transport grew by 2.7% in the first nine months of this year, reaching 2.0 million TEUs.
Total tonnage reached 35.1 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year growth of 1.4%.
"These figures underscore the high performance and environmental benefits of rail transport. Despite poor weather conditions, technical challenges and workforce shortages, rail remains on the path to success," Mattern added.
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