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全球首屈一指的国际航运权威组织——波罗的海国际海事理事会（BIMCO）近期宣布了一项重要进展：其文件委员会正式采纳了《自动驾船人协议》（AUTOSHIPMAN），此举旨在应对日益增多的遥控船舶所带来的全新挑战与机遇。
作为业界首份专注于自主船舶管理的协议文件，《自动驾船人协议》的出台无疑具有里程碑式的意义。BIMCO在官方公告中详尽阐述了该协议的核心价值：它为第三方船舶管理公司搭建了一个标准化的合同框架，使得这些公司能够为远程控制或全自动化船舶的运营提供专业且高效的服务支持。
尽管目前遥控船舶的应用主要集中在内陆水道及沿海贸易领域，但其发展势头之迅猛已不容忽视。随着越来越多的企业涌入这一新兴市场，遥控船舶的商业运营范围正迅速扩大，为船东们带来了前所未有的远程控制管理服务选项。
对此，领导AUTOSHIPMAN协议起草工作的Anglo Eastern公司Ajay Hazari船长表示：“如今，远程控制船舶已在全球多个地区实现了商业化运营。随着行业内新玩家的不断涌现，我们正亲眼见证着这一领域的蓬勃发展与壮大，同时也致力于为船东们提供更加优质的远程管理服务。”
《自动驾船人协议》是在广泛应用的SHIPMAN协议基础上精心打造而成，旨在全面管理商业服务流程，并为各方义务、责任及负债提供清晰明确的法律框架。
值得一提的是，AUTOSHIPMAN协议的一大亮点在于其高度的灵活性——即便是在航行途中，船舶也能根据实际需求轻松切换操作模式。这一设计充分考虑到了未来法律可能对远程控制船舶提出的特殊要求，例如在穿越某些管辖区的领海或停靠特定港口时，可能需要部分或全部配备船员进行监管。
BIMCO标准、创新与研究部门的总监Grant Hunter先生对此评论道：“《自动驾船人协议》标志着BIMCO正式迈入远程控制船舶商业运营的新纪元，而这仅仅是迈向全自主船舶时代的第一步。”
他进一步补充道：“在AUTOSHIPMAN协议的开发过程中，我们得到了来自法律界与保险业的资深专家的大力支持，同时还从全球范围内已成功实现远程运营船舶的公司那里汲取了宝贵的实践经验与见解。这些宝贵的资源无疑为协议的完善与落地提供了强有力的保障。”
BIMCO作为一个在全球范围内拥有超过2000名会员、覆盖约130个国家、占据全球船舶吨位62%份额的国际组织，其成员涵盖了船东、运营商、船舶经理、经纪人及代理人等航运业的各个环节。此次《自动驾船人协议》的推出，不仅是对当前遥控船舶发展趋势的积极响应，更是对未来航运业智能化、自主化转型的深远布局。
BIMCO, the world's largest international shipping association, said its Documentary Committee has adopted the AUTOSHIPMAN agreement in response to a growing number of remotely controlled ships.
This is the first management agreement for autonomous ships.
In the announcement, BIMCO said the AUTOSHIPMAN agreement provides a standard contractual foundation for third-party ship managers to deliver services for the operation of remotely controlled or fully autonomous ships.
Remotely controlled ships are currently used primarily in inland waterways and coastal trades, but the sector is growing.
"Currently, remotely controlled ships are operating commercially in several parts of the world. We are seeing growth in this sector with several companies emerging and offering remote control management services to shipowners," said Captain Ajay Hazari, Anglo Eastern, who led the AUTOSHIPMAN drafting team.
The agreement has been developed using the widely used SHIPMAN agreement to govern commercial services and provide the framework for obligations, responsibilities, and liabilities. One of the key features of AUTOSHIPMAN is its flexibility, which allows ships to switch operational modes even during a voyage.
BIMCO noted that flexibility matters because it may be a legal requirement for remotely controlled ships to be partially or fully manned when passing through a jurisdiction's territorial waters or calling at a port.
"AUTOSHIPMAN is a first step by BIMCO into the commercial operation of remotely controlled ships, and perhaps eventually fully autonomous ships," said Grant Hunter, director of standard, innovation and research at BIMCO.
"During the development of AUTOSHIPMAN, we were assisted by legal and insurance experts, and we have gained valuable insight throughout the process from companies who are already operating ships remotely around the world," he added.
BIMCO has over 2,000 members in around 130 countries, representing 62% of the world’s tonnage. Its membership includes shipowners, operators, managers, brokers, and agents.
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