烙画 | 国家级非物质文化遗产

烙画又称火笔画，

中国传统艺术珍品，

用火烧热烙铁在物体上熨出烙痕作画。

烙画创作在把握火候、力度的同时，

注重“意在笔先、落笔成形”。

烙画不仅有中国画的勾、勒、点、染、擦、白 描等手法，还可以烫出丰富的层次与色调，

具有较强的立体感，酷似棕色素描和石版画，

因此烙画既能保持传统绘画的民族风格，

又可达到西洋画严谨的写实效果。

使其有独特的艺术魅力，

因而给人以古朴典雅、回味无穷的艺术享受。

此系列烙画作品《龙腾盛世》为马静徽、华成利杨骏飞共同创作马静徽，国家级非遗南阳烙画代表性传承人

华成利，南阳烙画非遗传承人

杨骏飞，河南省民间文艺家协会会员，南阳市美术家协会会员

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烙画承载着悠久的历史和文化传承。

经过世代艺人的精心传承与创新，

它宛如一颗璀璨的明珠，

闪耀着独特的艺术光芒。

Pyrography carries a long history and cultural heritage.

Through the careful inheritance and innovation of generations of artists,

It is like a brilliant pearl,

Shining with a unique artistic radiance.

相传源于西汉末年，

鼎盛于明清，

发展于现代，距今已有两千多年的历史。

历史上，烙画曾形成燕山、南阳、金陵、山东等烙画流派。河南南阳是烙画技艺最古老的传承地，

该流派的烙画题材内容繁多，如人物、博古、花鸟乃至山水，以铁杆代笔，通过控制铁笔的温度，

不加任何颜料，

以烙为主套彩为辅在竹木、丝绸、绢布等

材料上进行烘烫作画。

According to legend, it originated in the late Western Han Dynasty,

It flourished during the Ming and Qing dynasties,

Developed in modern times, it has a history of over two thousand years.

In history, pyrography has formed pyrography schools such as Yanshan, Nanyang, Jinling, and Shandong. Nanyang, Henan Province is the oldest place for the inheritance of pyrography techniques,

The genre of pyrography has a wide range of themes, such as characters, antiques, flowers and birds, and even mountains and waters. It uses iron bars instead of brushes and controls the temperature of the iron brushes,

Without adding any pigment,

Using branding as the main method and colouring as a secondary method on bamboo, wood, silk, silk fabric, etc

Heating and painting on materials.

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技法独特：

烙画利用碳化原理，通过控温技巧，

以烙铁代笔，在竹木、宣纸、丝绢等材料上

进行勾、擦、点、烘等技法操作，

巧妙自然地把绘画艺术的表现技法与烙画艺术融为一体。这种技法不施任何颜料，

却能形成茶褐色、古朴典雅、

精美绝伦的艺术效果。

Unique technique:

Pyrography utilizes the principle of carbonization and temperature control techniques,

Using a soldering iron instead of a pen, on materials such as bamboo, rice paper, silk, etc

Perform techniques such as hooking, wiping, tapping, and baking,

Cleverly and naturally integrating the expressive techniques of painting art with the art of pyrography. This technique does not use any paint,

But it can form a tea brown colour, quaint and elegant

Exquisite and unparalleled artistic effect.

刘国东老师葫芦烙画作品

材料多样：

烙画的材料从传统的竹木扩展到宣纸、丝绢等，

甚至可以在蛋壳、葫芦等材料上进行创作，

极大地丰富了烙画的表现形式和艺术风格。

Diverse materials:

The materials for pyrography have expanded from traditional bamboo and wood to rice paper, silk, and other materials,

You can even create on materials such as eggshells and gourds,

Greatly enriched the forms of expression and artistic style of pyrography.

南阳非文化遗产手工艺术作品

古朴典雅：

烙画作品整体呈茶褐色，富有光泽，

层次分明，颜色协调，具有古朴典雅的艺术风格。

这种风格与国画、油画等艺术形式相比，

具有独特的韵味和魅力。

融合中西：

南阳烙画在发展过程中，

不断吸收中西绘画艺术的精髓，

形成了古色古香、纯正精美、

典雅独特的东方艺术风格。

这种风格既具有中国传统文化的深厚底蕴，

又融入了西方绘画的某些表现手法和元素。

Simple and elegant:

The overall colour of the pyrography work is tea brown and glossy,

Clear hierarchy, coordinated colours, and a quaint and elegant artistic style.

Compared to art forms such as traditional Chinese painting and oil painting, this style,

Has a unique charm and allure.

Integrating Chinese and Western elements:

During the development of Nanyang pyrography,

Continuously absorbing the essence of Chinese and Western painting art,

Formed an antique style, pure and exquisite

Elegant and unique Eastern art style.

This style embodies the profound heritage of traditional Chinese culture,

It also incorporates certain techniques and elements of Western painting.

工序复杂：

完成一幅烙画作品需经过设计、构图、

选料、透稿、熨烙、平磨、抛光、设色等

多道工序。其中，熨烙是核心环节，

需要艺人根据设计好的图案和线条，

运用控温技巧和运烙技巧进行精细的烙制。

Complex process:

Completing a pyrography work requires design, composition

Material selection, through the draft, ironing, flat grinding, polishing, colour setting, etc

Multiple processes. Among them, ironing is the core process,

Artists need to follow the designed patterns and lines,

Use temperature control and operation techniques for precise roasting.

无锡市非遗烙画传承人许全华作品欣赏

技巧高超：

烙画制作过程中，

艺人需要掌握好“推、拉、顿、挫、皱、擦、磨”等

运笔技巧，使烙铁运行犹如毛笔作画。

同时，还需要注重将速度、温度和压力相结合，

讲究落、起、止、走、住、叠、圆、回、藏等

运烙技巧，以展现烙画作品刚劲奔放、

古朴典雅、清新秀丽等特点。

Superb skills:

During the process of making pyrography,

Artists need to master techniques such as pushing, pulling, pausing, rolling, wrinkling, rubbing, and grinding.

The stroke technique makes the soldering iron run like a brush painting.

Meanwhile, it is also necessary to pay attention to combining speed, temperature, and pressure,

Emphasize falling, starting, stopping, walking, staying, folding, rounding, returning, hiding, etc.

The technique of using pyrography to showcase the vigorous and unrestrained nature of pyrography works

Characterized by simplicity, elegance, freshness, and beauty.

烙绘技法也发展出润色、烫刻、

细描和烘晕、渲染等。

烙画作品一般呈深、浅褐色，古朴典雅，

清晰秀丽，

其特有的高低不平的肌理变化具有一定的浮雕效果，

别具一格。经渲染、着色后，

可产生更加强烈的艺术感染力。

还有“套色烙花”和“填彩烙花”使传统烙花艺术锦上添花。

可以根据创作主题不同，

采用不同的技法，加之色彩考虑，

或者略施淡彩，形成清新淡雅的风格；

或者重彩填色，形成强烈的装饰效果。

The technique of branding has also developed into polishing, hot stamping

Fine drawing, blending, rendering, etc.

Pyrography works are generally dark or light brown in colour, ancient and elegant,

Clear and beautiful,

Its unique uneven texture changes have a certain relief effect,

have a style of one's own. After rendering and colouring,

It can generate a stronger artistic appeal.

There are also "colour matching pyrography" and "colour filling pyrography" that add icing on the cake to traditional pyrography art.

According to different creative themes,

Using different techniques and considering colours,

Or use light colours to create a fresh and elegant style;

Or use heavy colouring to create a strong decorative effect.

                      作品来自国家级非遗—南阳烙画

传承有序：

烙画的传承方式主要是师徒相传和家族传承。

历代艺人不断探索实践，

尝试吸收新的表现手法和元素，

使烙画艺术不断焕发新的生机和活力。

Orderly inheritance:

The main ways of inheriting pyrography are through apprenticeship and family inheritance.

Throughout history, artists have continuously explored and practised,

Attempt to absorb new techniques and elements of expression,

Let the art of pyrography constantly radiate new vitality and energy.

2007年烙画艺术入选辽宁省第二批非遗名录、

2016年的临泉烙画葫芦工艺名列安徽省级非遗项目、

2022年的砀山烙画入选安徽省第六批非遗名录、

2021年宝庆烙画入选湖南省第五批非遗名录。

2021年6月10日，

以南阳烙画为代表的烙画项目入选国家级非遗名录。

In 2007, the art of pyrography was included in the second batch of the intangible cultural heritage list in Liaoning Province.

The Linquan painted gourd craftsmanship in 2016 was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage project in Anhui Province.

Dangshan Pyrography 2022 was selected for the sixth batch of the intangible cultural heritage list in Anhui Province.

In 2021, Baoqing pyrography was included in the fifth batch of the intangible cultural heritage list in Hunan Province.

On June 10, 2021,

The pyrography projects represented by Nanyang pyrography have been selected for the national intangible cultural heritage list.

每一幅烙画都承载着历史的记忆，

讲述着过去的故事。

它见证了时代的变迁，

记录了人类文明的进步。

非遗烙画，是历史与艺术的结晶，

是我们与古人对话的桥梁。

在当今社会，

我们更应珍视这一宝贵的非物质文化遗产，

让它在新时代继续绽放光彩。

Every pyrography carries the memory of history,

Telling stories from the past.

It witnessed the changes of the times,

Recorded the progress of human civilization.

Intangible cultural heritage pyrography is the crystallization of history and art,

It is a bridge for us to converse with the ancients.

In modern society,

We should cherish this precious intangible cultural heritage even more,

Let it continue to shine in the new era.