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b 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所病毒学国家重点实验室，武汉
c 中国科学院大学，北京
d 中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部生命科学学院，合肥
摘要
人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）是一种常见的疱疹病毒，持续感染着世界上大部分人口。尽管宿主免疫反应强大，但HCMV仍能复制、逃避宿主防御，并通过多种免疫调节策略在宿主细胞建立潜伏感染，因此研究HCMV感染与宿主反应之间的相互作用尤为重要。HCMV具有严格的宿主特异性，特异性感染人类。因此，大多数HCMV的体内研究依赖于临床样本。幸运的是，人源化小鼠模型的建立使得实验室内进行HCMV感染动物实验变得方便。单细胞RNA测序使我们能够在宿主单细胞水平上研究病毒与宿主基因表达之间的关系。在这项研究中，我们评估了HCMV感染的人源化小鼠中PBMCs的单细胞基因表达变化，为研究HCMV感染下的病毒-宿主相互作用提供了有价值的数据集。
Fig. 1. Immune cell variation in HCMV-carrying humanized mice stimulated by mobilizing agents.
Fig. 3. HCMV infection induced the humoral immunity in humanized mice.
Fig. 4. Antiviral genes showed significant changes in the upregulated cell types.
Fig. 5. HCMV infection decreased the proportion of memory CD8 T cells and naive CD4 T cells.
Fig. 6. HCMV infection enhanced cell-to-cell communications in humanized cells.
Fig. S1. Identification of marker genes in PBMCs.
Fig. S2. The dimension heatmap shows the data features of the top 15 principal component variables.
Fig. S3. The cell clustering resolution schematic diagram calculates the clustering results from a resolution of 0.1-1 respectively.
Fig. S4. By comparing the gene expression levels of the cells in each cluster with the remaining other types of cells, the marker genes unique to each cluster are identified.
Fig. S5. GO analysis was used to analyze the GO physiological processes enriched by the differential genes of multiple cell types.
Fig. S6. GO analysis was separately performed on plasma cells, pre B cells, Progenitor NK cells, memory CD8 T cells, and Naive CD4 T cells.
Fig. S7. The GO analysis of pre B cells.
Fig. S8. The GO analysis of progenitor NK cells.
Fig. S9. The GO analysis of memory CD8 T cells.
Fig. S10. The GO analysis of memory CD4 T cells.
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