银花丝|非物质文化遗产

文摘   2024-09-11 10:20   山西  







银花丝工艺

Silver Flower Silk Craft





一,介绍 

introduce



花丝是成都最具特色的汉族传统金银工艺品,
这项金属工艺迄今已有1700多年的历史,
在中国明清时就已经达到过极高的艺术水平,
与蜀绣、竹编、漆器一起更号称成都的“四大名旦”。

Filigree is the most distinctive traditional gold and silver handicraft of the Han ethnic group in Chengdu,
This metal process has a history of over 1700 years,
During the Ming and Qing dynasties in China, the artistic level had already reached a very high level,
It is also known as the "Four Famous Danes" of Chengdu, along with Shu embroidery, bamboo weaving, and lacquerware.





可制作花丝首饰、摆件。
传世文物有清末民初花丝珐琅凤鸟嵌宝红玛瑙耳环、
银花丝编织松鹤纹盖罐。
Can produce filigree jewelry and ornaments.
The cultural relics passed down from generation to generation include earrings made of filigree enamel phoenix birds inlaid with precious red agate from the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China
Silver flower silk woven pine crane pattern lid jar.




二,历史

history




银花丝工艺迄今已有1700多年的历史,
最早可追溯至秦汉时期,
当时金银器制作就颇为发达。
至清代中叶,
银花丝制作技艺已形成一定规模,
并达到较高的艺术水平。
而真正意义上的“成都银花丝”,
则出现在上个世纪六七十年代国营成都
金银制品厂成立之时,
当时一批有经验的老银匠聚集在一起,
不断研发总结,
最终形成了具有成都特色的银花丝技艺。

The silver flower silk craft has a history of over 1700 years,
It can be traced back to the Qin and Han dynasties,
At that time, the production of gold and silverware was quite advanced.
By the mid-Qing Dynasty,
The technique of making silver flower silk has formed a certain scale,
And achieve a high level of artistic proficiency.
And the true 'Chengdu Silver Flower Silk',
It appeared in the state-owned Chengdu in the 1960s and 1970s
When the gold and silver products factory was established,
At that time, a group of experienced old silversmiths gathered together,
Continuously developing and summarising,
Eventually, the silver flower silk technique with Chengdu characteristics was formed.




三,技艺特点

Technical characteristics








1,材料选择:
银花丝的原材必须为足银S999,
因为只有最高纯度的银才具有最好的柔韧性和延展性,
能够手工制作出精美的银花丝作品。

1. Material selection:
The raw material for silver flower silk must be pure silver S999,
Because only the highest purity silver has the best flexibility and extensibility,
Capable of handcrafting exquisite silver floral silk works.





2. 核心技艺:
银花丝技艺最大的特点是采用“平填”技术,
无胎成形。
艺人们根据设计图稿,采用不同粗细的纯银丝,
先制作出图形边框,
再用不同的技法对中间的图纹进行填充和编织。
这种技艺综合了填丝、垒丝、穿丝、搓丝、焊接等多种技术,
全凭艺人的艺术感悟和熟练的手上工夫。

2. Core Skills:
The biggest feature of the silver flower silk technique is the use of the "flat filling" technique,
No tyre forming.
Artists use pure silver wire of different thicknesses according to the design drawings,
First, create a graphic border,
Fill and weave the middle pattern using different techniques.
This technique combines multiple techniques such as filling, lining, threading, rolling, and welding,
It all depends on the artist's artistic insights and skilled manual labour.



3. 工艺复杂:
银花丝工序繁多,
银丝最细的仅有人头发的一半,
粗的也仅几毫米。
制作过程中需要极高的耐心和精细的操作,
因此成品具有很高的艺术和收藏价值。

3. Complex process:
There are numerous processes involved in the production of silverflower silk,
The thinnest silver thread is only half of a human hair,
The thickness is only a few millimetres.
The production process requires extremely high patience and meticulous operation,
Therefore, the finished product has high artistic and collectable value.






四,产品种类

Product Types










银花丝产品种类丰富,
主要包括瓶、盘、薰、鼎、盒等传统摆件,
以及钗、环、镯等饰品。
近年来,还出现了“银丝画”等新品种,
进一步丰富了银花丝的艺术表现形式。

Silver flower silk has a wide variety of products,
Mainly including traditional ornaments such as bottles, plates, incense burners, tripods, boxes, etc,
And accessories such as hairpins, rings, bracelets, etc.
In recent years, new varieties such as "silver silk painting" have emerged,
We have further enriched the artistic expression of silver filigree.






五,文化价值

Cultural Value







银花丝工艺品不仅具有结构严谨、
朴素大方、虚实相间、玲珑剔透、
典雅高贵的特点,
还蕴含着丰富的文化信息。
它集中反映了巴蜀地区的文化审美品味和创造力,
是成都地区重要的非物质文化遗产之一。

 Silver flower silk handicrafts not only have a rigorous structure
Simple and elegant, with a mix of virtual and real elements, exquisite and transparent
Elegant and noble characteristics,
It also contains rich cultural information.
It reflects the cultural aesthetic taste and creativity of the Bashu region,
It is one of the important intangible cultural heritages in Chengdu region.






六,保护与传承

Protection and Inheritance






2008年6月,
成都银花丝制作技艺经国务院批准列入
第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
然而,
由于银花丝技艺制作工艺复杂、耗工时间长,
且后继乏人,这项技艺正面临失传的风险
为此,
国家和地方政府采取了一系列措施进行保护和传承,
包括指定非遗传承人、
建立传习所、开展技艺培训等。

In June 2008,
The production technique of Chengdu Silver Flower Silk has been approved by the State Council and included in the list.
The second batch of the national intangible cultural heritage list.
However, due to the complex and time-consuming production process of silverflower silk,
And with no successors, this skill is facing the risk of being lost.
For this reason, the national and local governments have taken a series of measures to protect and inherit.
Including designated inheritors of intangible cultural heritage, establishing training centres and conducting skill training.


非遗银花丝作为成都地区重要的传统工艺品,
不仅具有深厚的历史底蕴和独特的技艺特点,
还承载着丰富的文化价值。
我们应该加强对这项技艺的保护和传承,
让更多的人了解和欣赏到银花丝的魅力。

Intangible cultural heritage silver filigree, as an important traditional handicraft in Chengdu,
Not only does it have a profound historical background and unique technical characteristics,
It also carries rich cultural values.
We should strengthen the protection and inheritance of this skill,
Let more people understand and appreciate the charm of silver filigree.









内容策划 Presented







策划 Producer | Kam

排版 Editor | Kam

校对 Proof | Eve

审核 Reviewer | Eve

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