希腊将退煤目标年份提前到2026年

文摘   2024-08-16 17:44   北京  

希腊公共电力公司(PPC)

加快淘汰褐煤发电设施的时间表

2019年,新民主党赢得大选后,希腊政府希望在2023年之前淘汰煤炭。但经过长时间的辩论、猜测和能源危机的压力,官方将目标日期定为2028年。然而,根据PPC最近在议会辩论中的答复,希腊将于2026年停止燃烧煤炭。

PPC与独立电网运营商(IPTO)协商决定今年9月份关闭Agios Dimitrios煤电厂的1号和2号机组。Meliti和Megalopolis电厂将于今年年底关闭。同时计划在2025年关闭Agios Dimitrios的3、4和5号机组。

至于新建Ptolemaida 5号褐煤发电设施的未来规划,最初的构想是在本十年期末将其改造成天然气发电厂,并继续投入使用。但目前,PPC考虑这一方案可能存在不可逾越的障碍。文件补充说明:“考虑到目前的天然气和欧盟碳排放(EUA)的价格波动,该电厂预计将在2026年停止运营。”

迄今为止,PPC的管理层对于Ptolemaida 5号电厂的未来一直保持沉默。虽然该电厂提前一年完工,但直到2023年底才开始正式启动。直至今日,该电厂仍处于调试阶段,尚未投入参与市场交易活动。


PPC运营希腊所有煤电厂

据希腊环境与能源部副部长Alexandra Sdoukou称,Ptolemaida 5电厂的发电成本为120欧元/MWh。相比之下,新建太阳能发电场的平准化度电成本(LCOE)为40至45欧元/MWh,风电场为55欧元至65欧元/MWh。另外,电池储能的成本是20欧元至30欧元/MWh。


缺乏装机容量机制的支持,新建天然气电厂难以维持运营


不可忽视的是,在现有的市场状况与未来的预测中,新建立的天然气发电厂面临着长期经济可行性的重大考验。传统发电站也必须严格遵循欧盟能源分类目录所规定的排放标准。


欧洲能源管理合作机构(ACER)等国际机构表示,愿意支持那些承诺采纳装机容量机制的国家。


由此可见,Ptolemaida 5电厂的未来悬而未决。PPC可以选择在转型、出售还是关闭该机组之前,推动政府将其纳入未来的装机容量机制之中。


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Greece pushes its coal exit target date forward to 2026


Greece’s Public Power Corporation (PPC) has accelerated the schedule for phasing out its lignite-fired power plants.


In 2019, after the New Democracy party won the elections, the Greek government aspired to phase out coal by 2023. In the meantime, following lengthy debates, speculations and the pressure from the energy crisis, the official target date landed at 2028. However, according to state-controlled PPC’s recent reply within a parliamentary debate, the country will cease burning the solid fossil fuel in 2026.


According to the timeline revealed in the document, units 1 and 2 of the Agios Dimitrios coal plant will be closed next month. The decision is based on consultations with the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO), PPC pointed out.


The facilities Meliti and Megalopolis will be shut down by the end of the year, the utility added. It plans for units 3, 4 and 5 in Agios Dimitrios to cease operations in 2025.


As for the new Ptolemaida 5 lignite plant, an earlier idea was to convert it into a natural gas unit later in the decade so that it remains operational. However, PPC now seems to consider the option unfeasible.


“According to current natural gas and European Union allowance (EUA) prices, the unit will be shut down in 2026,” the document adds.


So far PPC’s management has been tight-lipped about the future of Ptolemaida 5. The unit only began operating in late 2023 although it was completed about a year earlier. Even today the plant remains officially in a testing regime instead of participating fully in the market.


PPC operates all coal plants in Greece.


According to Deputy Minister of the Environment and Energy Alexandra Sdoukou, Ptolemaida 5 has a production cost of EUR 120 per MWh. In comparison, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for new solar farms is EUR 40 per MWh to 45 per MWh, she added. The yardstick comes in at EUR 55 per MWh to EUR 65 per MWh for wind farms, Sdoukou asserted.


Still, another EUR 20 per MWh to EUR 30 per MWh is required for battery storage, she pointed out.


New gas plants unviable without capacity mechanism


It should also be mentioned that the long-term economic viability of new natural gas plants is under threat given the current and projected market conditions. Conventional plants have to align with strict emission regulations based on the European Union’s energy taxonomy.


International bodies such as the European Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) have said that countries willing to support such projects would have to come up with capacity mechanisms.


Based on all of the above, Ptolemaida’s 5 future is uncertain. PPC has the option to push the government for the unit to be included in a future capacity mechanism before converting, selling or shutting it down.



本文 2024 年 7 月 30 日发布于Balkan Green Energy News。文章仅代表作者观点,不代表本公众号立场。

封面图源:Balkan Green Energy News

翻译/韩迪      编辑/包林洁

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