AI之于项目经理:福兮?祸兮?

文摘   2024-10-24 17:30   陕西  
 

日前,福布斯发布署名文章:AI将拯救而非消灭项目管理。该文作者Larry English认为,AI只是一个工具,为项目经理提供数据,以便及早预见问题,设定适当的预算,准确制定截止日期和时间表。

纳公司(Gartner)预测,到2030年,80%的项目管理工作将由人工智能完成。项目经理们,看到这一数据时,不要感到恐惧:AI不会取代你,但它会使你更高效、更有效,为你提供更具前瞻性的洞察,增强你对项目成功的掌控能力。

01
当前项目管理的现状

组织每年在项目上投资约48万亿美元,但只有三分之一以上的项目被认为是成功的。这凸显了项目和项目群管理迫切需要提升成熟度的重要性。许多项目经理仍依赖幻灯片、电子表格和手动记录,这些方法在按时完成任务和交付成果方面尚可,但对于目标不断变化的大型项目来说,显然不足。

02
AI使项目经理将更多时间放在高价值工作上

围绕AI的许多焦虑源于对项目管理的一般误解。很多人认为,只要能召开项目进度会议并列出任务,他们就能做好项目管理。这是对项目管理的极度简化理解。项目经理不仅仅是执行任务,更需要对团队、项目、截止日期和预算施加影响。

这种影响力来自哪里?来自可靠的数据和洞察。AI正是为项目经理提供所需数据的工具,帮助他们及早预见问题,设定适当的预算并准确制定时间表。

例如,项目经理通常会发布会议议程,列出与会者,然后创建会议记录。这些信息对于像微软团队(Microsoft Teams)中的Copilot这样的AI工具来说,是一座信息宝库。Copilot可以跟踪谁出席了会议,谁被邀请了,也可以及早警示关键利益相关方缺席的情况。提前识别这种风险将帮助项目经理避免后续的各种复杂情况。Copilot还可以跟踪团队做出关键决策的时间,帮助项目经理评估会议的成本与产出的价值。

AI还将减轻项目管理的繁重行政负担,使项目经理能够将更多时间投入到与利益相关会面和团队指导等高价值任务中。像Copilot这样的工具可以转录和总结进度会议,轻松为项目经理节省几小时的低价值工作。

Ceridian全球项目管理副总裁、《人工智能与项目经理:人工智能的崛起将如何改变你的世界》的作者彼得·泰勒(Peter Taylor)表示:“AI为项目经理腾出时间,使他们能够专注于他们最擅长的工作——领导团队,充分发挥每个人的潜力。这无疑将带来更好的结果、更少的错误、更高的积极性和更大的成功。”

03
项目经理如何从AI中获取价值

要立即从AI中获得价值,项目经理应首先关注文档和报告。这是项目经理花费大量时间却收效甚微的领域。

目前市场上有AI工具(如Copilot),可以在几分钟内总结会议记录并帮助重新利用数据(如用户故事和销售报告),不需要手动重新输入和整理。

像ChatGPT这样的生成性AI工具可以帮助撰写角色和接受标准。一些项目经理已将ChatGPT的提示整合到Excel电子表格中,以提取接受标准,然后将其导入到JIRA等敏捷项目管理平台中。ChatGPT还可以帮助提取行业标准、法规文件、培训和政策手册等内容,这些内容无须从头开始创建。

项目经理仍需调整AI工具生成的内容,但有一个起点将节省大量时间。泰勒建议,为了现在就开始使用AI,项目经理应了解AI当前和潜在的能力。“学习、阅读、探索、参与辩论,尽一切可能发现AI在项目管理及其他领域的现实与潜力,”泰勒说,“保持开放的心态,积极考虑AI如何和在何处能辅助项目管理。如果你的组织还没有谈论AI,赶紧启动这场对话吧。”

04
新技术,旧故事

每当新技术问世时,总会引发人们对工作影响的广泛恐惧。例如,当敏捷方法出现时,一些人预言项目管理的终结。然而,结果是项目管理变得更加灵活。

在考虑如何将AI应用于项目管理时,请记住,关键不在于工具本身,而在于你的流程。工具只是更快地自动化糟糕的流程。AI如何为推动你的业务的因素提供可见性?它如何帮助你预测未来,更好地引导项目走向成功?项目经理在哪些方面花费了大量低价值的时间?换句话说,与其过于追求投资最新的工具(这些工具将不断演变),不如关注如何改进流程。

项目经理没有必要害怕AI。因为无论AI提供何种洞察,项目经理仍需消化和理解信息,然后基于数据推销未来。AI将成为项目管理和项目群管理成功的强大且必不可少的工具。

Forbes: AI Will Save—Not Kill—Project Managemen


Author: Larry English


AI is just the tool to give project managers the data to anticipate problems early on, set appropriate budgets and accurately set deadlines and timelines. (getty)


Gartner predicts that 80 percent of project management work will be done by artificial intelligence by 2030. Project managers, before you let that data point flood you with fear, listen up: AI is not going to replace you. But it will make you more efficient and effective, giving you greater forward-looking insights and increasing your power over steering projects to success.


Consider this second statistic: Organizations invest $48 trillion in projects annually, but only a little over one-third of projects are considered successful. This is why a leap in maturity for project and program management is long overdue. Many project managers still rely on slides, spreadsheets and manual record-keeping—this works okay for hitting deadlines and deliverables but is woefully insufficient for large projects with evolving targets.


AI Frees Project Managers For High-Value Work


Much of the anxiety surrounding AI stems from a general misunderstanding of project management.


Everybody thinks they can do project management because they can hold a status meeting and create a list of tasks. This is a vastly oversimplified idea of project management. Far beyond basic taskmaster duties, project managers must be able to wield influence over teams, projects, deadlines and budgets that aren’t their own.


Where does that influence come from? Solid data and insights. AI is just the tool to give project managers the data they need to anticipate problems early on, set appropriate budgets and accurately set deadlines and timelines.


For example, project managers regularly put out meeting agendas listing attendees and then create post-meeting notes. That’s a treasure trove of information an AI tool such as Copilot in Microsoft Teams can automate. Copilot can track who showed up against who was invited, alerting early on if a key stakeholder is missing meetings. Flagging that risk early on will help a project manager avoid all sorts of complications down the road. Copilot can also track when teams make key decisions, helping project managers determine the cost of the meeting versus the value of the output.


AI will also lighten the heavy administrative burden of project management, allowing project managers to spend more time on high-value tasks such as meeting with stakeholders and coaching their teams. A tool like Copilot can transcribe and summarize status meetings, easily saving project managers a few hours of low-value-add work.


“AI offers an opportunity to free up project manager time and allow them to do what they do best—lead teams and get the very best out of people. This will no doubt deliver far better results, fewer errors, more motivation, and greater success,” says Peter Taylor, vice president of global project management at Ceridian and author of AI and the Project Manager: How the Rise of Artificial Intelligence Will Change Your World.


How Project Managers Can Leverage Value From AI Today


To start generating value from AI now, project managers should first look at documentation and reporting. This is where project managers tend to spend a lot of time for little value.


There are AI tools on the market now—again, such as Microsoft’s Copilot—that can summarize meeting notes and help repurpose data such as user stories and sales reports in minutes. No more manual retyping and repurposing required.


GenAI tools such as ChatGPT can help write personas and acceptance criteria. Already, some project managers incorporate ChatGPT prompts into Excel spreadsheets to pull in acceptance criteria, which is then ready to import into an agile project management platform such as JIRA. ChatGPT can also help pull things such as industry standards, regulatory documentation, and training and policy manuals—all things that don’t need to be started from scratch.


Project managers will still need to tweak what comes out of an AI tool, but having a baseline to start from will save tons of time. To get started with AI now, project managers should educate themselves on AI’s current and potential capabilities, Taylor suggests. “Learn, read, explore, get engaged in debate, do anything you can to discover the realities and the potential of AI in your project world and beyond,” he notes. “It’s about being open-minded and proactively considering how and where AI can aid project management. And if your organization is not talking about AI yet, lobby to get the conversation started.”


New Technology, Old Story


Every time a new technology debuts, there are widespread fears about how it will impact jobs. When Agile arrived on the scene, for example, some people foretold the death of project management. What ended up happening, however, was project management became nimbler.


When figuring out how to use AI for project management, keep in mind that it’s not about the tool itself but about your processes. Tools just automate bad processes faster. How can AI bring visibility into what drives your business? How can it help you predict the future and better steer projects to success? Where are project managers spending lots of low-value time? In other words, instead of getting too caught up in investing in the fanciest tool (which will keep evolving), focus on how your processes can improve.


There’s no need for project managers to fear AI. Because whatever insights AI delivers, project managers will still need to digest and understand the information, then sell the future based on the data. AI will be a powerful—and essential—tool for project management and program management success.



  编辑/制作 | 思惠

  内容审核 | 郭云涛

  内容来源 | 复杂工程视点

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