试读分享|《论中国》（On China）Henry Kissinger亨利·基辛格
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On China
by Henry Kissinger
《论中国》
作者：亨利·基辛格
亨利·基辛格在这本视野开阔、见解深刻的历史著作中，首次以整本书的篇幅介绍了一个他熟知数十年的国家，他曾帮助塑造了这个国家与西方的现代关系。根据历史记录以及他过去四十年与中国领导人的谈话，基辛格研究了中国在其历史上是如何处理外交、战略和谈判的，并对21世纪全球力量平衡的后果进行了思考。由于没有任何一个国家能声称与中国的古老历史和传统原则有着更紧密的联系，因此要了解中国未来的世界角色，就必须从了解中国的悠久历史开始。几个世纪以来，中国很少遇到规模和复杂程度与之相当的其他社会；它是 “中原王朝”，将其周边的民族视为附庸国。与此同时，中国的政治家们面临着外来入侵的威胁和内部派系的竞争，他们发展出一套战略思想，崇尚含蓄、耐心和间接的美德，而非武功。在《论中国》一书中，基辛格研究了中国从古典时代至今的外交政策中的重要事件，尤其侧重于毛泽东崛起后的几十年。他阐明了中国外交在一些关键事件中的内部运作，如中国与现代欧洲列强的最初接触、中苏同盟的形成与瓦解、朝鲜战争、理查德·尼克松的北京历史性之行以及台湾海峡的三次危机。他凭借与中国四代领导人的广泛个人经历，将毛泽东、周恩来和邓小平等伟人的形象栩栩如生地展现在读者面前，揭示了他们的不同理念如何塑造了中国的现代命运。基辛格以其对中美关系的独特视角，追溯了中美关系在过去60年中充满争议但又至关重要的演变过程，讲述了中美关系从疏远到战略伙伴关系，再到经济相互依存，直至走向不确定未来的戏剧性历程。最后一章论述了这个新兴超级大国在21世纪的世界角色，《论中国》从一位20世纪首屈一指的政治家的视角，深入浅出地阐述了中国外交事务的历史。
In this sweeping and insightful history, Henry Kissinger turns for the first time at book-length to a country he has known intimately for decades, and whose modern relations with the West he helped shape. Drawing on historical records as well as his conversations with Chinese leaders over the past forty years, Kissinger examines how China has approached diplomacy, strategy, and negotiation throughout its history, and reflects on the consequences for the global balance of power in the 21st century. Since no other country can claim a more powerful link to its ancient past and classical principles, any attempt to understand China’s future world role must begin with an appreciation of its long history. For centuries, China rarely encountered other societies of comparable size and sophistication; it was the and “Middle Kingdom, and ” treating the peoples on its periphery as vassal states. At the same time, Chinese statesmen-facing threats of invasion from without, and the contests of competing factions within-developed a canon of strategic thought that prized the virtues of subtlety, patience, and indirection over feats of martial prowess. In On China, Kissinger examines key episodes in Chinese foreign policy from the classical era to the present day, with a particular emphasis on the decades since the rise of Mao Zedong. He illuminates the inner workings of Chinese diplomacy during such pivotal events as the initial encounters between China and modern European powers, the formation and breakdown of the Sino-Soviet alliance, the Korean War, Richard Nixon’s historic trip to Beijing, and three crises in the Taiwan Straits. Drawing on his extensive personal experience with four generation of Chinese leaders, he brings to life towering figures such as Mao, Zhou Enlai, and Deng Xiaoping, revealing how their different visions have shaped China’s modern destiny. With his singular vantage on U.S.-China relations, Kissinger traces the evolution of this fraught but crucial relationship over the past 60 years, following its dramatic course from estrangement to strategic partnership to economic interdependence, and toward an uncertain future. With a final chapter on the emerging superpower’s 21st-century world role, On China provides an intimate historical perspective on Chinese foreign affairs from one of the premier statesmen of the 20th century.
