五大金融行动助力乡村振兴

8月5日，中国人民银行、金融监管总局、中国证监会、财政部、农业农村部等五部门共同印发《关于开展学习运用“千万工程”经验加强金融支持乡村全面振兴专项行动的通知》，提出实施保障粮食安全、巩固帮扶成效、服务乡村产业发展、支持乡村建设、赋能乡村治理五大金融专项行动。2023年6月，同样的五部门曾印发《农业农村部关于金融支持全面推进乡村振兴 加快建设农业强国的指导意见》，可以看出为乡村振兴提供金融支持是相关部委持续关注的政策方向。

实施金融服务乡村产业发展专项行动是本次《通知》的亮点之一。专项行动提出促进农村一二三产业融合发展。综合运用信贷、债券、股权、租赁等多种融资渠道，助力现代乡村产业体系建设，思路上与此前《指导意见》保持一致。值得注意的是，专项行动明确拓宽生物活体、养殖设施等抵质押物范围，进一步为农村经营融资提供便利条件。

在实施方面，《通知》提出强化货币政策工具支持，鼓励金融机构发行“三农”、小微、绿色等金融债券，支持符合条件的涉农企业发行资产支持证券等融资工具，加大对乡村振兴重点领域的资金投入。

近年来，涉农领域金融资源有明显增长趋势。统计显示，截至2024年5月末，涉农贷款余额60万亿元，同比增长12.1%，高于各项贷款增速3.1个百分点。《通知》将以实际事项为乡村振兴提供金融支持，进一步提升了金融供给与乡村振兴发展的匹配度。

On 5 August, the People's Bank of China, the National Financial Regulatory Administration, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the Notice on Launching Campaigns to Strengthen Financial Support for Comprehensive Rural Revitalisation by Leveraging the “1,000 Villages & 10,000 Villages” Project Experience (the Notice).

The Notice stipulates five rural campaigns in which finance is to play a key role: ensuring food security, consolidating poverty alleviation, serving economic development in rural areas, supporting construction, and empowering rural governance.

In June 2023, the very same five government departments had issued the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Financial Support for Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalisation and Accelerating the Construction of a Strong Agricultural Country (the Guiding Opinions). The latest policy update demonstrates that providing financial support for rural revitalisation remains a consistent policy priority among several central government departments.

The Notice places a significant focus on the provision of financial support for the rural economy. The campaign aims to facilitate the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, particularly by promoting the development of a modern industrial system through diverse financing channels, such as credit, bonds, equity, and leasing. The rationale behind this campaign is well aligned with the previous Guiding Opinions. Notably, the campaign also calls for expanding the range of collateral to include various agricultural assets, namely biological assets and breeding facilities, which would allow rural businesses to obtain financing more conveniently.

In terms of implementation, the Notice proposes enhancing monetary policy tools, encouraging financial institutions to issue bonds related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers (better known as the "three rural issues"), small and micro enterprises, and green projects. It also supports eligible agriculture-related enterprises in issuing asset-backed securities and other financing tools, increasing capital investment in key areas of rural revitalisation.

In recent years, there has been a growing trend of allocating financial resources to the agricultural sector. Statistics show that, as of the end of May 2024, the balance of agricultural-related loans reached RMB 60 trillion, an increase of 12.1 per cent year-on-year, which is 3.1 percentage points higher than the growth rate of overall loans. The Notice aims to provide financial support for rural revitalisation through practical measures, further enhancing the alignment between financial supply and rural development.