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动力电池白名单如何巩固新能源汽车产业
去年，欧盟电池法正式生效，其中关于电池回收的各项条款引起了中国电动汽车和动力电池制造商的关切。不过，在全球最大的电动汽车市场上，中国自身的动力电池回收法规似乎还没受到应有的重视。
8月14日，工信部发布《新能源汽车废旧动力电池综合利用行业规范条件（2024年本）》，对外征求意见。最新版《规范条件》要求冶炼过程锂回收率应不低于90%，比欧盟电池法设定的2031年回收目标还高了10个百分点，也体现出了中国和欧盟在回收规模和技术上的差距。
此外，新的《规范条件》要求废旧动力电池综合利用企业每年用于研发及工艺改进的费用不低于废旧动力电池综合利用业务收入的3%，体现出政府对电池回收利用企业作为高科技产业的定位。
不过，不能忽视的是，《规范条件》实际上没有任何强制性；符合条件的企业可以申报进入“白名单”，但不符合条件的企业依然可以照常运营。这也可以解释为什么国内企业对于电池回收的相关规定还没有提起应有的重视。目前业界猜测，未来国内的回收法规可能会给予白名单企业各类优惠政策，例如优先收购市场上的废旧电池等。为保持国内动力电池企业长久经营的能力，提升废旧电池的回收率，这些都将是必不可少的措施。
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How China’s battery recycling whitelist strengthens the EV industry
When the European Union Battery Regulation was implemented last year, it raised concerns among Chinese electric vehicle and power battery manufacturers about their own compliance issues. While China continues to be the world’s largest market for electric vehicles, the country’s battery recycling regulations have so far not received the necessary level of attention.
On 14 August, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) released its latest draft for comment of the Specifications for the Comprehensive Utilisation of Waste EV Batteries. This latest version of the regulation has increased the recycling ratio requirement for lithium recycled through metallurgical processes to 90 per cent, exceeding the EU battery regulation's 2031 target by 10 points - a reflection of China's advantages in recycling technology and capacity.
Moreover, China’s new regulation asks recyclers to spend at least 3 per cent of their annual revenues on research and development as well as technology improvements. This kind of requirement is becoming increasingly commonplace for high-tech companies, as it reflects the government's expectations for power battery recyclers.
However, the regulation does not actually impose any additional obligations. Recyclers have the option of seeking “compliance certification” and being added to an MIIT-published "whitelist". Still, even those that are not on the list can continue their operations without restriction. This could partly explain why the industry is less concerned about Chinese regulations than European ones.
Changes may well be on the horizon. According to speculation within the industry, potential upcoming regulations could designate whitelisted companies for advantageous treatment, particularly when it comes to gaining prioritised access to waste batteries on the market. These steps would prove indispensable to securing business continuity for recyclers and enhancing the reuse of critical minerals.
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This material has been prepared by Sandpiper, a strategic communications and public affairs consultancy, in the belief that it is fair and not misleading. The information upon which this material is based was obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but has not been independently verified; we do not guarantee its accuracy. This communication is being provided for informational purposes only.
