热词在线| 国际航空枢纽

国际航空枢纽目前还没有一个权威、统一的定义。通常是指具有较高频次国际航班的机场，能够提供便捷的中转与集散服务。

There is currently no authoritative, unified definition of an international aviation hub. It usually refers to airports with a high frequency of international flights, which can provide convenient transfer and distribution services.

局方将枢纽机场的功能定位分为四个大类。分别是以下：

全方位门户复合型国际航空枢纽（北京、上海、广州）、区位门户复合型国际航空枢纽（成都、深圳、昆明、西安、重庆、乌鲁木齐、哈尔滨等）、区域航空枢纽（海口、南宁、厦门、长沙、青岛、大连等）、专业和综合性航空货运枢纽（鄂州、郑州、合肥、天津）。

The bureau divides the functional positioning of hub airports into four categories. They are as follows:

All-round gateway compound international aviation hubs (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou), regional gateway complex international aviation hubs (Chengdu, Shenzhen, Kunming, Xi'an, Chongqing, Urumqi, Harbin, etc.), regional aviation hubs (Haikou, Nanning, Xiamen, Changsha, Qingdao, Dalian, etc.), professional and comprehensive air cargo hubs (Ezhou, Zhengzhou, Hefei, Tianjin).

国际航空枢纽的恢复情况如图所示，今年上半年，过半数机场累计旅客吞吐量已超过2019年同期水平。

乌鲁木齐、哈尔滨、深圳机场恢复达110%以上，主要得益于商务和旅游带动的国内优质航线的加密和国际航线的恢复。

首都机场恢复较慢，主要受到大兴机场分流的影响。

The recovery of international aviation hubs is shown in the chart, with more than half of the airports handling more than half of the airports handling passengers in the first half of this year exceeding the level of the same period in 2019.

The recovery of Urumqi, Harbin and Shenzhen airports has reached more than 110%, mainly due to the encryption of domestic high-quality routes driven by business and tourism, and the recovery of international routes.

The recovery of the capital airport has been slow, mainly due to the diversion of Daxing airport.

国际航空枢纽通常有这些特征：

International aviation hubs typically have these characteristics:

（1）基础设施是机场保障航班运输不可或缺的硬件资源，也是一个地区民航产业发展的重要载体，成为国际航空枢纽需要拥有与业务量规模相适应，与中转衔接和客货集散功能相配套的基础设施和未来规划方案。

(1) Infrastructure is an indispensable hardware resource for airports to ensure flight transportation, and it is also an important carrier for the development of civil aviation industry in a region.

（2）高效便捷的地面综合交通系统是航空枢纽的重要组成部分，直接关系到机场的运营效率和竞争能力。

(2) An efficient and convenient ground integrated transportation system is an important part of the aviation hub, which is directly related to the operational efficiency and competitiveness of the airport.

（3）国际航空枢纽通常具有密集的国际国内航线，采用中枢辐射式航线网络结构，形成多个进港和离港航班波峰，注重航班之间、航班与其他交通方式的衔接，使旅客在较短的衔接时间内获得最多的中转服务机会。

(3) International aviation hubs usually have dense international and domestic routes, adopt a central and radiant route network structure, form multiple peaks of inbound and outbound flights, and pay attention to the connection between flights, flights and other modes of transportation, so that passengers can get the most transfer service opportunities in a shorter connection time.

（4）国际航空枢纽的运作通常需要1-2家以该机场为战略重点的基地航空公司的鼎力支持，双方共同构建中枢航线网络。

(4) The operation of an international aviation hub usually requires the full support of 1-2 base airlines with the airport as the strategic focus, and the two sides jointly build a central route network.

（5）由于硬件设施日益趋同，航空枢纽间的竞争更多地体现在管理效率和服务水平上

(5) Due to the increasing convergence of hardware facilities, the competition between aviation hubs is more reflected in the management efficiency and service level

（6）打造国际航空枢纽，各级政府的支持尤为关键。

(6) To build an international aviation hub, the support of governments at all levels is particularly crucial.