点击蓝字
关注我们
仪表飞行规则（IFR）
IFR是什么
仪表飞行规则是指完全或者部分地按照航行驾驶仪表，判定航空器飞行状态及其位置的飞行规则。
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) refer to flight regulations that govern flight conducted wholly or partly by reference to flight instruments to determine the aircraft's flight status and position.
01
仪表飞行规则的要求
仪表飞行规则要求飞机上必须配置齐规定的飞行仪表和无线电通讯设备。相应的，驾驶员也必须具备熟练使用这些仪表和设备的能力。
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) require that aircraft must be equipped with the prescribed flight instruments and radio communication equipment.Correspondingly, pilots must also possess the ability to proficiently use these instruments and equipment.
1、仪表飞行规则适用条件
（1）在气象条件低于目视气象条件时飞行；
（2）在云层、云上目视气象条件下飞行时；
（3）在夜间飞行；
（4）在高度6000米以上飞行时；
（5）必须具有姿态指引、高度指示、位置判断和时钟等设备。
2、仪表气象条件
能见度、距云的距离和云高小于为目视气象条件（VMC）规定的最小数值的气象条件。
02
IFR VS VFR
1、适用条件 Applicable Conditions
1）目视飞行规则（VFR）：
适用于天气良好、能见度高的条件下，飞行员通过目视天地线、地表或云层等参照物来判断和保持飞机的飞行姿态和位置。VFR适用于起落航线飞行、昼间飞行、飞行高度低于6000米等情况。
Under conditions of good weather and high visibility, pilots judge and maintain the aircraft's flight attitude and position by visually referencing the horizon, the ground surface, clouds, and other landmarks.Visual Flight Rules (VFR) are applicable to take-off and landing route flights, daytime flights, and flights at altitudes below 6000 meters, etc.
2）仪表飞行规则（IFR）：
适用于天气条件较差、能见度低的情况下，飞行员依靠机载仪表和无线电通讯设备来操控航空器。IFR适用于气象条件低于目视气象条件、夜间飞行、高度超过6000米等情况。
Under conditions of poor weather and low visibility,pilots rely on aircraft instruments and radio communication equipment to operate the aircraft. Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) are applicable in situations where meteorological conditions are below visual meteorological conditions, during nighttime flights, and at altitudes exceeding 6000 meters, etc.
2、设备要求 Equipment Requirements
1）目视飞行规则（VFR）：
飞行员主要依靠目视参照物，对飞机的仪表要求较低，只需基本的飞行和通信性能。
Pilots primarily rely on visual references, which results in lower requirements for aircraft instruments, needing only basic flight and communication capabilities.
2）仪表飞行规则（IFR）：
飞行员必须依靠机载仪表指示来操控航空器，飞机必须配备齐全的飞行仪表和无线电通讯设备。此外，飞机上还需具备姿态指引、高度指示、位置判断和时钟等设备。
Pilots must rely on the indications of aircraft instruments to operate the aircraft, and the aircraft must be equipped with a complete set of flight instruments and radio communication equipment. Additionally, the aircraft needs to be equipped with attitude reference, altitude indication, position determination, and clock devices, among others.
部分图文信息来源搜狐网等
图文编辑 | 语小霖
责任编辑 | 语小霖
指导监制 | 吴云涛
