王维（693年或694年或701年—761年），字摩诘，号摩诘居士，世称“王右丞”，唐代杰出的山水田园诗人，被后人尊为“诗佛”，与孟浩然并称为“王孟”。王维诗风清新淡雅，意境深远，既沉醉于山水田园的宁静美好，又透露出对人生哲理的深刻感悟。让我们一同走进这位诗画双绝、被誉为“诗中有画，画中有诗”的杰出诗人的生平！
王维
Wang Wei
王维（公元699年或701年-761年），字摩诘，号摩诘居士，唐朝著名诗人、画家。王维不仅参禅悟理，学庄信道，还精通诗、书、画、音乐等，以诗名盛于开元、天宝年间，尤长五言，有“诗佛”之称。其诗多咏山水田园，与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
Wang Wei (699 AD or 701-761 AD) who styled himself as "Mojie" and "Mojie Jushi", was a famous poet and painter of the Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei excelled in various disciplines such as poetry, calligraphy, painting, music, and had a deep understanding of Chan and Taoism. His fame soared during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods, where he gained a strong reputation for his mastery of the five-character form of poetry, known as “Poet Buddha”. He often wrote poems about mountains, rivers, and countryside. Together with Meng Haoran, who’s also good at poems of these themes, they are known as "Wang Meng".
王维少年时聪明过人，十五岁去京城应试，因能写一手好诗、工于书画、有音乐天赋，一到京城便立即成为王公贵族的宠儿。青年王维仕途顺利，有着远大的理想和政治抱负，充满济世之志，写下了很多咏政诗、边塞诗，风格也较为热烈豪放。如《使至塞上》中的名句“大漠孤烟，长河落日圆”，描写了诗人进入边塞后所看到的塞外奇特壮丽的风光，画面开阔，意境雄浑，广为传颂。这一时期的诗往往富有进取精神，在讥讽权贵和顽固子弟的同时抒写游侠义气，充满了豪情壮志和浪漫主义的气息，如《少年行》四首表现侠少的勇敢豪放，形象鲜明，笔墨酣畅。
Wang Wei was exceptionally intelligent when he was young. At the age of fifteen, he journeyed to the capital to take the imperial examination His extraordinary proficiency in poetry, calligraphy, painting, and music captured the attention and affection of the high-ranking members of society. As a result, Wang Wei became a treasured and highly favored individual among the aristocracy and affluent families in the city.
His career went smoothly as a young official. He had grand ideals and political ambitions, fueled by a desire to serve the people, and wrote many political and frontier poems with passionate and bold styles.The famous line " In boundless desert lonely smoke rises straight; Over endless river the sun sinks round" from the poem "On Mission to the Frontier" describes the unique and magnificent scenery that the poet witnessed upon entering the borderland. The imagery is expansive, the artistic conception is profound, and it has been widely praised and celebrated. The poetry of this period often embodies an enterprising spirit, simultaneously satirizing the privileged and dandy scions while expressing the chivalrous and adventurous ethos. It is filled with a sense of heroism and romanticism.
For example, the four poems "Song of Youngsters" depict the bravery and boldness of chivalrous youths, with vivid imagery and a lively and fluid writing style.
少年行（四首其一）
新丰美酒斗十千，
咸阳游侠多少年。
相逢意气为君饮，
系马高楼垂柳边。
Song of Youngsters
(I)
Young heroes cannot go without good wine,
Without them could the capital be fine?
When they meet,they will drink wine as they please,
Their horses tethered to the willow trees.
王维四十岁后，政治热情在唐朝政治腐败的现实打击下逐渐消失，走上了一条回避政治斗争、追求闲适生活的道路。他寄情山水诗，内容丰富，诗风清新自然、淡泊宁远、写意传神、形神兼备，艺术风采卓绝，可谓是诗中有画，画中有诗。诗中描写恬静秀美的乡村景色和优游自在的田园生活，充满着牧歌情调，表现他闲逸萧散的情趣和恬淡自适的心境，如《渭川田家》《春中田园作》。更多的诗侧重描写农村美丽如画的风光，如《山居秋暝》写暮雨方霁，山村呈现的美景。
After the age of forty, Wang Wei gradually lost his political enthusiasm due to the harsh reality of political corruption in the Tang Dynasty, and he embarked on a path of avoiding political struggles and pursuing a leisurely life. His love for landscape poetry was evident in the depth and variety of his work. His poetry had a refreshing and natural style that exuded serenity and a longing for peace. His ability to convey his message through vivid imagery and deep feelings was unparalleled, and his artistry was impeccable, making his poetry almost like paintings, and his paintings like poetry.
His poetry brimmed with pastoral sentiments, depicting the serene and idyllic countryside, as well as the unhurried and leisurely pastoral life. He had a penchant for portraying the beautiful and picturesque rural landscapes, as showcased in his works such as "Rural Scene by River Wei" and "Rural Spring". His poems exuded a sense of tranquil simplicity and contentment, revealing his relaxed and unhurried disposition. "Autumn Evening in the Mountains" stands out as an example of his ability to capture the sublime beauty of a rural landscape, amidst the peaceful ambiance of a mountain village after an evening shower.
.
山居秋暝
空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。
明月松间照，清泉石上流。
竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。
随意春芳歇，王孙自可留。
Autumn Evening in the Mountains
After fresh rain in mountains bare
Autumn permeates evening air.
Among pine-trees bright moonbeams peer;
O’er crystal stones flows water clear.
Bamboos whisper of washer-maids;
Lotus stirs when fishing boat wades.
Though fragrant spring may pass away,
Still here’s the place for you to stay.
王维是唐朝山水田园诗派中成就最高的人，他的大多数诗歌反映了隐居生活的闲情逸致和悠闲自在，风格以清新自然为主，语言含蓄，句式、节奏富于变化，音韵响亮、和谐，且诗中禅意灵动，蕴意深远。总之，王维的山水诗无论是题材内容还是艺术风采，都对后世诗歌产生了深远的影响。
Wang Wei was the most accomplished poet in the Tang Dynasty's landscape and pastoral poetry school. His poetry is primarily focused on the leisurely and carefree life of solitude, with a style that emphasizes freshness, naturalness, and subtlety of language. The structure and rhythm of his poems are flexible, the sound and tone harmonious and melodious, and his poetry is filled with profound Zen-like resonance and far-reaching implications.
Overall, Wang Wei's landscape poetry has had a profound impact on the poetry that followed, whether in terms of content or artistic style.
北方民族大学华韵文化双语传播社出品
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《山坡羊·潼关怀古》
导演：杨书鹏
主讲人：苏晓康
中文稿：金玲玲
英文稿：金玲玲
审核：张玫 谭月娥 吴坤 王子怡 田文慧
剪辑：李奕萱
指导老师：张玫
本期编辑：谢凌云
初审：吴坤
终审：张玫
