CREA认为脱碳将保障印尼钢铁行业的竞争力
Decarbonisation will safeguard Indonesia's steel sector competitiveness: CREA
能源与清洁空气研究中心（CREA）在一份报告中指出，印尼钢铁行业的全部潜力取决于低碳技术。
The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) says in a new report that the full potential of Indonesia's iron and steel sector hinges on low-carbon technologies.
Kallanish（开阑商务信息咨询）获悉，报告指出，制定路线图和强制执行具有约束力的气候目标将保障该行业的竞争力，并展示印尼对实现工业近零和全球净零的承诺，向注重气候变化的投资发出明确信号。
Kallanish notes from the report that setting roadmaps and enforcing binding climate targets would safeguard the industry’s competitiveness while showcasing Indonesia’s commitments towards industrial near zero and global net zero, giving a clear signal for climate-aligned investments.
该报告认为，鉴于可再生能源潜力巨大，印尼应优先进行电力部门改革，增加成本效益高的清洁电力供应，支持钢铁转型，从而释放这些潜力。
Given the abundance of renewables potentials, it opines that Indonesia unlock them, by prioritising power sector reform to increase availability of cost-effective clean electricity that would support the steel transition.
报告指出：“钢铁工业的脱碳需要电网的绿色化，这意味着国家在加快和及时发展可再生能源部署方面进行协调的重要性。”
“Decarbonisation of the iron and steel industry requires the greening of the grid, which implies the significant importance of national alignment towards accelerated and timely development for renewables deployment,” it notes.
CREA称，严格执行保护性贸易政策是恢复贸易平衡和确保该行业公平竞争市场的第一步。
According to CREA, strict enforcement of protective trade policies is the first step in restoring trade balance and ensuring a fair and competitive market for the sector.
该报告补充说，决策者和国内利益相关者必须密切合作，为决策提供信息，并确定和解决现有的监管障碍。
Close collaboration between policymakers and domestic stakeholders is necessary to inform decision making as well as identify and address existing regulatory hurdles, it adds.
CREA表示，作为印尼的国家战略产业之一，应推进钢铁行业脱碳的政策框架，设定具有约束力的目标，将气候承诺与工业增长联系起来。
As one of Indonesia’s national strategic industries, CREA says the policy framework for the iron and steel industry decarbonisation should be advanced, setting binding targets that link climate commitments and industrial growth.
该报告补充说，以国家路线图和法规为形式的雄心勃勃的目标对投资者来说是一个信号，可使投资决策更好地与目标保持一致，并阻止具有高锁定风险的技术的加入。
Strong ambition in the form of national roadmaps and regulations serves as a signal for investors, shifting investment decisions to better align with the targets and deterring new additions of technologies with high lock-in risks, it adds.
CREA表示，运营和规划的粗钢总产能将超过4,500万吨，超过2035年2,500万吨的目标。CREA指出，由于缺乏产能和工艺技术的战略路线图，在发展子行业以及重新利用或审查闲置产能方面的潜力尚未得到开发。
According to CREA, total operational and planned crude steel capacities are on track to reach over 45 million tonnes, exceeding the 2035 target of 25mt. It notes the lack of strategic roadmaps for capacity and process technology leaves untapped potential to develop sub-sectors as well as to revive or review idle capacities.
CREA还强调，印尼基本金属行业的投资迅速增长，从2020年的147亿美元增至2023年的377亿美元。
CREA also highlights that investments in Indonesia’s basic metals industry have rapidly increased, from $14.7 billion in 2020 to $37.7 billion in 2023.
正在进行和已宣布的扩建工程将使该国目前的粗钢产能翻一番，这些扩建工程都是由少数几家大型私营钢铁企业实施的。其中包括印尼Gunung Steel Group、中国Fuhai Group、鞍钢集团和德龙集团，以及韩国浦项制铁公司。
Ongoing and announced expansions that will double the country’s current crude steel production capacity are tagged to a handful of major private steel players. This includes Indonesia’s Gunung Steel Group, China’s Fuhai Group, Ansteel Group, and Delong Group, as well as South Korea’s POSCO.
这些项目一旦完成，炼钢能力将提高125%。在规划和在建的2,450万吨产能中，2,280万吨将使用氧气顶吹转炉，只有170万吨选择使用电弧炉。
Once completed, these projects will increase steelmaking capacities by 125%. Out of 24.5mt capacity in the pipeline, 22.8mt will utilise using blast oxygen furnaces, with only 1.7mt opting for electric arc furnaces.
此外，印度尼西亚的炼铁产能将增加55%。在扩建的580万吨炼铁项目中，全部使用高炉。 目前，印尼还没有投入使用的直接还原炼铁炉。
Meanwhile, Indonesia’s ironmaking capacities will increase by 55%. Out of 5.8mt of ironmaking expansion in construction, all use blast furnaces. Currently, there is no operational direct reduction iron furnaces in the country.
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